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International Workshop on Neural Networks for Identification, Control, Robotics, and Signal/Image Processing

作者： H. Umeki H. Mizutani RWCP Neural Systems Toshiba Laboratory in Systems and Software Engineering Laboratory Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Japan

We present a one-to-many object matching system based on neural dynamic link architecture. When an input image containing multiple objects is given, if some of them are similar to a stored model, the system can establish geometric transformation-invariant mappings between the model and the corresponding object regions in the input image. This can be achieved by extending the fast dynamic link matching (FDLM) algorithm to allow multiple blob formation. Numerical simulations of neural layer dynamics indicate that multiple blobs can be developed where the layer input is sufficiently strong against the background level. To extract matched regions from the input layer, we consider each neural layer as a graph and introduce another neural system based on local edge mappings. This system can roughly detect the matched regions with neighborhood-preserving mappings without global cost functions.

关键词： Object recognition Pattern matching Laboratories Solid modeling Numerical simulation Neurons Face recognition software engineering research and development Computer architecture

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Experiences of software quality management using metrics through the life-cycle 96

Experiences of software quality management using metrics thr...

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Proceedings of the 18th international conference on software engineering

作者： Hideto Ogasawara Atsushi Yamada Michiko Kojo Systems and Software Engineering Laboratory Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation 70 Yanagi-cho Saiwai-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa 210 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780818672460

Many software quality metrics to objectively grasp software products and process have been proposed in the past decades. In actual projects, quality metrics has been widely applied to manage software quality. However, there are still several problems with providing effective feedback to intermediate software products and the software development process. We have proposed a software quality management using quality metrics which are easily and automatically measured. The purpose of this proposal is to establish a method for building in software quality by regularly measuring and reviewing. The paper outlines a model for building in software quality using quality metrics, and describes examples of its application to actual projects and its results. As the results, it was found that quality metrics can be used to detect and remove problems with process and products in each phase. Regular technical reviews using quality metrics and information on the change of the regularly measured results was also found to have a positive influence on the structure and module size of programs. Further, in the test phase, it was found that with the proposed model, the progress of corrective action could be quickly and accurately grasped.

关键词： programs software metrics program testing automatic measurement problem removal problem detection test phase life-cycle software quality metrics software development process software quality management software development management software quality regular technical reviews software products corrective action

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A high-speed high-density array-multiplier-accumulator for digital signal processing

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第2期79卷 86-97页

作者： Minami, T Kasai, R Matsuda, H Kusaba, R Member NTT LSI Laboratories Atsugi Japan 243-01 Graduated in 1980 from the Department of Electrical Engineering Kyushu University where he received his Master's degree in 1982 and joined NTT. Until March 1986 he was engaged in the development of application software for electronic switching systems. He then engaged in research and development of LSIs for image signal processing. At present he is Senior Research Engineer Advanced LSI Laboratory NTT LSI Laboratories. He is a member of IEEE. Graduated in 1972 from the Department of Electrical Engineering Osaka University where he received his Master's degree in 1974 and his Ph.D. in 1992. He joined NTT in 1974. He is engaged in research and development of analysis of MOS devices and design of ASIC for communication. At present he is Executive Research Engineer Advanced LSI Laboratory NTT LSI Laboratories. He is a member of IEEE. Graduated in 1987 from the Department of Communications Tohoku University where he received his Master's degree in 1989 and joined NTT. He is engaged in research and development of high-speed design for image processing LSIs. At present he is Research Engineer Advanced LSI Laboratory NTT LSI Laboratories. He is a member of the Information Processing Society. Graduated in 1985 from the Department of Electrical Engineering Keio University where he received his Master's degree in 1987 and joined NTT. He is engaged in CAD research. At present he is Senior Research Engineer Advanced LSI Laboratory NTT LSI Laboratories. He is a member of the Information Processing Society and IEEE.

This paper discusses the downsizing and speed improvement of short-word multiplier-accumulators, which are frequently used in digital signal processors. As a first step, the optimal configuration for an array-type carry-save adder is considered where the shortest path in the full-adder is used to propagate the sum signal and the carry signal is sent to the full-adder of the two lower stages by skipping a stage. A configuration of the full-adder suitable for the structure is proposed. The case of eight partial product additions shows that the delay can be reduced by 22 percent compared to a simple array-type carry-save adder. Then the short-word carry look-ahead adder using the pass-transistor logic is considered. It is shown that a single-stage carry look-ahead circuit with a four-bitwise iterative structure exhibits nearly the same delay as a two-stage carry look-ahead circuit. In other words, the former is better suited to downsizing. This paper intends to examine the effectiveness of the foregoing new array-type carry-save adder and the single-stage carry look-ahead circuit using the 0.5-mu m CMOS technology. A 16-bit x 14-bit + 31-bit multiplier-accumulator has been designed and is evaluated for cases where the array-type carry-save adder is used to handle accumulation as well as partial products. The resulting area and delay are 0.77 x 0.78 mm(2) and 6.8 ns, respectively. The effectiveness of the approach used in this paper is evaluated by constructing a multiplier-accumulator, but the method is also useful in constructing a multiplier.

关键词： product-sum operation array multiplier carry-save adder full-adder carry look-ahead adder

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An approach to reverse quality assurance with data-oriented program analysis

An approach to reverse quality assurance with data-oriented ...

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1995 Asia Pacific software engineering Conference, APSEC 1995

作者： Kataoka, Y. Hirayama, M. Okayasu, J. Fukaya, T. Systems and Software Engineering Laboratory Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation 70 Yanagi-cho Kawasaki210 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0818671718

The paper describes a quality assurance approach for source code to assure source code quality with less effort than conventional method. The paper introduces the data relation tracking method (DRTM) as a practical instance of data oriented program analysis, a key factor of our new quality assurance approach. DRTM helps comprehension of the source code by extracting the internal logic of the source code in declarative notation. An example and evaluation of DRTM for the C language is also described. The example shows that DRTM can deal in data structures and inter-data relations of any control structure. The evaluation shows that DRTM can extract the internal logic of the source code uniquely and that the extracted internal logic is useful for quality assurance of the source code. © 1995 IEEE.

关键词： Quality assurance

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Model-based diagnosis shell and ifs application to steel plant 11

Model-based diagnosis shell and ifs application to steel pla...

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11th Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications, CAIA 1995

作者： Iwamasa, Mikito Niina, Hiroshi Systems and Software Engineering Laboratory Research and Development Center TOSHIBA Corp. 70 Yanagi-chyo Saiwai-ku Kawasaki-city210 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0818670703

Model-Based Diagnosis {MBD) uses the design and physical principle of the target as knowledge base in stead of wing enyirical diagnostic knowledge. Although MDB is promising to resolve the knowledge acquisitionbottleneck, it involves the problem of combinatorial explosion in making asswnptwns. This problem i s remarkable especially when target is large and complex without enough observable information. In this paper, we propose a newframework of MDB that can control and avoid this dificulty. In our fromavork, diagnostic system comprises three parts, evaluation, control and reason maintenance. By introducing propagation oriented control into control part, we can control the number of assumptwns. We analyze basic tasks for MDB based on proposed framework and propose "adjustablediagnosis"by using these tasks. We also propose a shell for MDB that has "adjustable diagnosis" feature. Using this shell engineer can build an application that canfocus diagnosis. We show an example of a systemfor steel plant diagnosis which is built using the shell. © 1995 IEEE

关键词： Steelmaking

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Fuzzy associative memory system and its application to - Multi-modal interface 3rd

Fuzzy associative memory system and its application to - Mul...

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3rd World Wisepersons Workshop on Fuzzy Logic and Neural Networks/Genetic Algorithms, WWW 1994

作者： Ushida, Hirohide Sato, Tomohiko Yamaguchi, Torn Takagi, Tomohiro Laboratory for International Fuzzy Engineering Research Japan Utsunomiya University Japan Multimedia Software Development Office Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. LTD Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783540606079

A construction method and a refinement method of fuzzy knowledge are proposed in order to apply them to intelligent multi-modal interfaces. This paper supposes that the interface requires the following three functions at least. 1) A function that constructs knowledge using instances instead of if-then rules. 2) A function that transforms mutually between the upper conceptual label represented by words and the lower conceptual label represented by physical values in order to realize multi-modality. 3) A function that refines the knowledge using macro qualitative instruction such as a human learning process. This paper proposes the methods using Fuzzy Associative Memory Organizing Units System (FAMOUS) in order to realize these functions and applies them to estimation of human movements. Experimental results show that the proposed methods provide the three functions and are suitable for application to intelligent multi-modal interfaces. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995.

关键词： Associative processing

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Model-based diagnosis shell and its application to steel plant

Model-based diagnosis shell and its application to steel pla...

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Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications

作者： M. Iwamasa H. Niina Systems & Software Engineering Laboratory Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Japan

Model-based diagnosis (MBD) uses the design and physical principle of the target as a knowledge base instead of using empirical diagnostic knowledge. Although MDB is promising to resolve the knowledge acquisition bottleneck, it involves the problem of combinatorial explosion in making assumptions. This problem is remarkable especially when the target is large and complex without enough observable information. We propose a new framework of MDB that can control and avoid this difficulty. In our framework, the diagnostic system comprises three parts: evaluation, control and reason maintenance. By introducing propagation oriented control into the control part, we can control the number of assumptions. We analyze basic tasks for MDB based on the proposed framework and propose "adjustable diagnosis" by using these tasks. We also propose a shell for MDB that has an "adjustable diagnosis" feature. Using this shell engineers can build an application that can focus diagnosis. We show an example of a system for steel plant diagnosis which is built using the shell.< >

关键词： Steel Fault diagnosis Knowledge acquisition Costs Accuracy Design automation Application software software engineering Laboratories research and development

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A fault-tolerant architecture based on autonomous replicated objects

A fault-tolerant architecture based on autonomous replicated...

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Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)

作者： T. Seki T. Hasegawa Y. Okataku S. Tamura Systems & Software Engineering Laboratory Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Japan

The paper proposes an architecture for the replication of program modules enabling them to behave in accordance with their own local knowledge, without any influence by not only their location, replication degree and fault-tolerant mechanism but also system level modules. In the proposed architecture, program modules are implemented as objects and communication among them is carried out by a total ordering broadcast protocol, enabling individual objects to behave autonomously. Therefore, individual objects can choose the most suitable replication degree and fault-tolerant mechanism in accordance with their own required reliability and execution efficiency without the need to change programs or for the object location to be influenced.< >

关键词： Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems Broadcasting Computer architecture Protocols software engineering Laboratories research and development Maintenance Hardware

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An approach to reverse quality assurance with data-oriented program analysis

An approach to reverse quality assurance with data-oriented ...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on software engineering

作者： Y. Kataoka M. Hirayama J. Okayasu T. Fukaya Systems and Software Engineering Laboratory Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Japan

关键词： Quality assurance Data analysis Data mining Data structures Programming Logic design software engineering Laboratories research and development software quality

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Adaptive control of robot manipulators with anti-backlash gears

Adaptive control of robot manipulators with anti-backlash ge...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： N. Imasaki M. Tomizuka Research & Development Center Systems & Software Engineering Laboratory Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA

This paper proposes a control method for robot manipulators that have anti-backlash gears in the joints. The anti-backlash gear is modeled as a three segment flexible joint characteristic. A controller consists of a PD feedback part and a full dynamics feedforward part. This control method employs the sliding control scheme. In order to make the tip of the manipulator track desired trajectories and to eliminate steady state errors, this method utilizes two sliding surfaces for both links and actuators. For this purpose, positions and velocities of both links and actuators are fedback. An anti-backlash inverse characteristic is introduced to obtain the desired trajectories for the actuators from the desired trajectories of the links. An adaptation scheme to the variation of payloads is also investigated.

关键词： Adaptive control Gears Sliding mode control Manipulator dynamics Actuators Robot control Feedback Trajectory Steady-state Payloads

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