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第33届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Wan Dai Hongpeng Wang Chongshan Fan Yunwei Xin College of Computer Science Nankai University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics College of Artificial Intelligence Nankai University Software College Nankai University Research Laboratory of Machine Learning and Pervasive Computing Nankai University

Visual tele-observation is an effective way for ecological *** from pedestrian or rigid body detection,wildlife recognition in natural scenes face more complex problems,such as the similarity of background and foreground,wild background clutter,deformation,and other factors,which will lead to a reduction in recognition *** this paper,We propose a novel segmentation network that is named T-S network to segment background and *** network mainly consists of two parts:one is a tracking *** the context similarity of images in the data set,the purpose of tracking is to ensure that the position of the object is accurately known when the same species in the images are synthesized into a video with interval frames;the other is the saliency network,which is the basis of the most likely position of the object obtained from the tracking ***,the saliency network is used to complete the object *** verify the effectiveness of the network and consider the size of the data set,a lightweight CNN is used to identify the *** show that the accuracy of task recognition is improved by 1.89% by using the segmentation method proposed in this paper.

关键词： segmentation recognition tracking network saliency network

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Joint Nuclear-norm Nonlinear Manifold learning and Robust Classification by Linear Embedding

Joint Nuclear-norm Nonlinear Manifold Learning and Robust Cl...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Yan Zhang Zhao Zhang Lei Jia Fanzhang Li School of Computer Science and Technology & Joint International Research Laboratory of Machine Learning and Neuromorphic Computing Soochow University

ISBN: (纸本)9781509006212

We propose a Joint nuclear norm based nonlinear Manifold learning through linear embedding with Classification, called JMLC. By including a feature approximation error into the existing nonlinear manifold learning framework to correlate manifold features with embedded features by a linear projection, the learnt projection can handle the outside points efficiently by embedding. Besides, to encode the neighborhood reconstruction error in manifold learning part, we apply a more reliable nuclear norm based distance metric, since nuclear norm is proved to be more reliable than both L_1-norm and Frobenius norm. To make learnt nonlinear features be optimal for classification so that the accuracy can be enhanced, we also minimize a robust L_(2,1)-norm based regressive classification error over the embedded manifold features, which ensures the classification process to be robust to noise and outliers in data. Based on performing joint manifold learning and classification alternately, our JMLC can obtain a low-dimensional embedding, a linear projection and a multi-class classifier simultaneously. Extensive results demonstrate the validity of our proposed algorithm for feature extraction and robust classification, compared with other related models.

关键词： Reliable manifold learning Robust classification Nuclear-norm regularization L_(2 1)-norm Feature extraction

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Brain tumor cell density estimation from multi-modal MR images based on a synthetic tumor growth model

Brain tumor cell density estimation from multi-modal MR imag...

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15th International Conference on Medical Image computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2012

作者： Geremia, Ezequiel Menze, Bjoern H. Prastawa, Marcel Weber, M.-A. Criminisi, Antonio Ayache, Nicholas Asclepios Research Project INRIA Sophia-Antipolis France Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory MIT United States Computer Vision Laboratory ETH Zurich Switzerland Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute University of Utah United States Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Heidelberg University Hospital Germany Machine Learning and Perception Group Microsoft Research Cambridge United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783642366192

This paper proposes to employ a detailed tumor growth model to synthesize labelled images which can then be used to train an efficient data-driven machine learning tumor predictor. Our MR image synthesis step generates images with both healthy tissues as well as various tumoral tissue types. Subsequently, a discriminative algorithm based on random regression forests is trained on the simulated ground truth to predict the continuous latent tumor cell density, and the discrete tissue class associated with each voxel. The presented method makes use of a large synthetic dataset of 740 simulated cases for training and evaluation. A quantitative evaluation on 14 real clinical cases diagnosed with low-grade gliomas demonstrates tissue class accuracy comparable with state of the art, with added benefit in terms of computational efficiency and the ability to estimate tumor cell density as a latent variable underlying the multimodal image observations. The idea of synthesizing training data to train data-driven learning algorithms can be extended to other applications where expert annotation is lacking or expensive. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Tumors

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Robust L1-Norm Matrixed Locality Preserving Projection for Discriminative Subspace learning

Robust L1-Norm Matrixed Locality Preserving Projection for D...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Yu Tang Zhao Zhang Yan Zhang Fanzhang Li School of Computer Science and Technology & Joint International Research Laboratory of Machine Learning and Neuromorphic Computing Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509006212

L1-norm maximization based Discriminant Locality Preserving Projection (DLPP-L1) is shown to be effective and robust to the outliers in given data, but DLPP-L1 is based on the vector space, so it has to convert those 2D matrices into high-dimensional 1D vectorized representations when handing images. But such transformation usually destroys the topology structures of images pixels, which can decrease performance. We therefore propose to extend DLPP-L1 to the 2D matrix space. A two-dimensional DLPP-L1, termed 2D-DLPP-L1, is technically proposed for image feature extraction. Compared with DLPP-L1 for representation, our proposed 2D-DLPP-L1 can effectively preserve the topology structures among image pixels in addition to inheriting the robustness property against noise and outliers. Extensive simulations on real-world image datasets show that our 2D-DLPP-L1 can deliver enhanced performance over other state-of-the-arts for recognition.

关键词： Feature extraction Robustness Training Two dimensional displays Topology Image reconstruction Optimization

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A study on hill climbing algorithms for neural network training

A study on hill climbing algorithms for neural network train...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： S. Chalup F. Maire Machine Learning Research Centre Neurocomputing Laboratory School of Computing Science Faculty of Information Technology Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD Australia

This study empirically investigates variations of hill climbing algorithms for training artificial neural networks on the 5-bit parity classification task. The experiments compare the algorithms when they use different combinations of random number distributions, variations in the step size and changes of the neural networks' initial weight distribution. A hill climbing algorithm which uses inline search is proposed. In most experiments on the 5-bit parity task it performed better than simulated annealing and standard hill climbing.

关键词： Neural networks Artificial neural networks Backpropagation algorithms Feedforward systems machine learning algorithms Computer networks Evolutionary computation Random variables Feedforward neural networks Computer architecture

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Probabilistic and Semantic Descriptions of Image Manifolds and Their Applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tu, Peter Yang, Zhaoyuan Hartley, Richard Xu, Zhiwei Zhang, Jing Fu, Yiwei Campbell, Dylan Singh, Jaskirat Wang, Tianyu Computer Vision and Machine Learning Laboratory General Electric Research NiskayunaNY United States School of Computing College of Engineering Computing and Cybernetics Australian National University Canberra Australia

This paper begins with a description of methods for estimating probability density functions for images that reflects the observation that such data is usually constrained to lie in restricted regions of the high-dimensional image space — not every pattern of pixels is an image. It is common to say that images lie on a lower-dimensional manifold in the high-dimensional space. However, although images may lie on such lower-dimensional manifolds, it is not the case that all points on the manifold have an equal probability of being images. Images are unevenly distributed on the manifold, and our task is to devise ways to model this distribution as a probability distribution. In pursuing this goal, we consider generative models that are popular in AI and computer vision community. For our purposes, generative/probabilistic models should have the properties of 1) sample generation: it should be possible to sample from this distribution according to the modelled density function, and 2) probability computation: given a previously unseen sample from the dataset of interest, one should be able to compute the probability of the sample, at least up to a normalising constant. To this end, we investigate the use of methods such as normalising flow and diffusion models. We then show how semantic interpretations are used to describe points on the manifold. To achieve this, we consider an emergent language framework that makes use of variational encoders to produce a disentangled representation of points that reside on a given manifold. Trajectories between points on a manifold can then be described in terms of evolving semantic descriptions. In addition to describing the manifold in terms of density and semantic disentanglement, we also show that such probabilistic descriptions (bounded) can be used to improve semantic consistency by constructing defences against adversarial attacks. We evaluate our methods on CelebA and point samples for likelihood estimation with improved seman

关键词： Semantics

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A Neurobehavioral Evaluation of the Efficacy of 1mA Longitudinal, Anodal TDCS on Multitasking and Transfer Performance

A Neurobehavioral Evaluation of the Efficacy of 1mA Longitud...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Rao, Akash K Uttrani, Shashank Shah, Darshil Menon, Vishnu K Bhavsar, Arnav Roy Chowdhury, Shubhajit Negi, Ramsingh Dutt, Varun Manipal Academy of Higher Education India Indian Institute of Technology Applied Cognitive Science Laboratory Mandi India School of Computing and Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi India Cognitive Control and Machine Learning Group The Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences Defence Research and Development Organization India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

Multitasking requires rapid switching of attention and cognitive resources between different tasks in a dynamic environment, relying on cognitive processes, such as working memory, executive control, and selective attention. Although studies have investigated the efficacy of various neurobehavioral interventions in improving multitasking capabilities, the effects of longitudinal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in enhancing multitasking performance have not been investigated. This research investigated the efficacy of 1mA anodal tDCS administered longitudinally on multitasking performance. 42 participants were randomly and equally divided into the experimental and placebo control conditions in this study conducted for 10 days. All participants executed two multitasking tasks on day 1 and received 1mA anodal/placebo tDCS during task training from day 2 to day 8. Various behavioral and neurophysiological measures have been measured. The findings revealed that tDCS had the propensity to augment multitasking capabilities in the trained task but had limited transfer capabilities. EEG-based brain connectivity analysis also revealed the formation of network hubs in the prefrontal and frontal regions, indicating enhanced cortical activation in the beta band. We intend to use these findings to design interventional frameworks to enhance multitasking performance using tDCS. © 2024 IEEE.

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A multi-objective deep reinforcement learning algorithm for spatio-temporal latency optimization in mobile IoT-enabled edge computing networks

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Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 2025年 143卷

作者： Parisa Khoshvaght Amir Haider Amir Masoud Rahmani Farhad Soleimanian Gharehchopogh Ferzat Anka Jan Lansky Mehdi Hosseinzadeh Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam School of Engineering & Technology Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam Centre for Research Impact & Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Rajpura 140401 Punjab India Department of AI and Robotics Sejong University Seoul 05006 Republic of Korea Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Computer Engineering Ur. C. Islamic Azad University Urmia Iran Data Science Application and Research Center (VEBIM) Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakif University Istanbul Türkiye Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Faculty of Economic Studies University of Finance and Administration Prague Czech Republic Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Laboratory School of Computing Gachon University Seongnam Republic of Korea

The rapid increase in Mobile Internet of Things (IoT) devices requires novel computational frameworks. These frameworks must meet strict latency and energy efficiency requirements in Edge and Mobile Edge computing (MEC) systems. Spatio-temporal dynamics, which include the position of edge servers and the timing of task schedules, pose a complex optimization problem. These challenges are further exacerbated by the heterogeneity of IoT workloads and the constraints imposed by device mobility. The balance between computational overhead and communication challenges is also a problem. To solve these issues, advanced methods are needed for resource management and dynamic task scheduling in mobile IoT and edge computing environments. In this paper, we propose a Deep Reinforcement learning (DRL) multi-objective algorithm, called a Double Deep Q-learning (DDQN) framework enhanced with Spatio-temporal mobility prediction, latency-aware task offloading, and energy-constrained IoT device trajectory optimization for federated edge computing networks. DDQN was chosen for its optimize stability and reduced overestimation in Q-values. The framework employs a reward-driven optimization model that dynamically prioritizes latency-sensitive tasks, minimizes task migration overhead, and balances energy efficiency across devices and edge servers. It integrates dynamic resource allocation algorithms to address random task arrival patterns and real-time computational demands. Simulations demonstrate up to a 35 % reduction in end-to-end latency, a 28 % improvement in energy efficiency, and a 20 % decrease in the deadline-miss ratio compared to benchmark algorithms.

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Adaptive Neighborhood Propagation by Joint L2,1-Norm Regularized Sparse Coding for Representation and Classification

Adaptive Neighborhood Propagation by Joint L2,1-Norm Regular...

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IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Lei Jia Zhao Zhang Lei Wang Weiming Jiang Mingbo Zhao School of Computer Science and Technology & Joint International Research Laboratory of Machine Learning and Neuromorphic Computing Soochow University Suzhou China Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781509054749

We propose a new transductive label propagation method, termed Adaptive Neighborhood Propagation (Adaptive-NP) by joint L2,1-norm regularized sparse coding, for semi-supervised classification. To make the predicted soft labels more accurate for predicting the labels of samples and to avoid the tricky process of choosing the optimal neighborhood size or kernel width for graph construction, Adaptive-NP seamlessly integrates sparse coding and neighborhood propagation into a unified framework. That is, the sparse reconstruction error and classification error are combined for joint minimization, which clearly differs from traditional methods that explicitly separate graph construction and label propagation into independent steps, which may result in inaccurate predictions. Note that our Adaptive-NP alternately optimize the sparse codes and soft labels matrices, where the sparse codes are used as adaptive weights for neighborhood propagation at each iteration, so the tricky process of determining neighborhood size or kernel width is avoided. Besides, for enhancing sparse coding, we use the L2,1-norm constraint on the sparse coding coefficients and the reconstruction error at the same time for delivering more accurate and robust representations. Extensive simulations show that our model can deliver state-of-the-art performances on several public datasets for classification.

关键词： Encoding Sparse matrices Manifolds Kernel Minimization Robustness Weight measurement

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Computational analysis of laminar structure of the human cortex based on local neuron features

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Stajduhar, Andrija Lipic, Tomislav Sedmak, Goran Loncaric, Sven Judaš, Milos Croatian Institute for Brain Research University of Zagreb School of Medicine Šalata 12 Zagreb10000 Croatia Laboratory for Machine Learning and Knowledge Representation Rud-er Boškovic Institute Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb

In this paper, we present a novel method for analysis and segmentation of laminar structure of the cortex based on tissue characteristics whose change across the gray matter facilitates distinction between cortical layers. We develop and analyze features of individual neurons to investigate changes in architectonic differentiation and present a novel high-performance, automated tree-ensemble method trained on data manually labeled by three human investigators. From the location and basic measures of neurons, more complex features are developed and used in machine learning models for automatic segmentation of cortical layers. Tree ensembles are used on data manually labeled by three human experts. The most accurate classification results were obtained by training three models separately and creating another ensemble by combining probability outputs for final neuron layer classification. Measurement of importances of developed neuron features on both global model level and individual prediction level are obtained. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurons

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