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Crystal structures of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases from Jingmen tick virus and Alongshan virus

hLife 2024年第1期2卷 18-31页

Jingmenviruses are a group of flavi-like viruses with segmented genome and have been found in various types of hosts,including humans,cattle,monkeys,bats,rodents,sheep,ticks,mosquitoes and ***,including the Jingmen tick virus(JMTV)and Alongshan virus(ALSV),have been associated with febrile illness and flu-like symptoms in *** polymerase plays critical roles in genome replication and transcription and is an ideal target for antiviral ***,we determined the crystal structures of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp)domains of JMTV and ALSV at 2.6Åand 3.2Åresolutions,*** overall structures of JMTV and ALSV RdRp domains are similar to those from the typical unsegmented viruses in Flaviviridae family,especially the Flavivirus *** and ALSV RdRps can be divided into three subdomains and the catalytical Motif A-G are conserved like the typical flaviviruses,whereas the zinc-binding pockets are absent from the JMTV and ALSV *** 50-ends of jingmenvirus genomes are varied in length and sequence,and a highly conserved 8-nucleotide element located on the tip of stem loop A was identified and shown to be required for binding with RdRp and performing de novo replication *** findings provide important structural insights into RdRp of segmented flavivirus and reveal the key region of virus genome responsible for replication initiation,which would promote molecular understanding of segmented flavivirus replication and the structure-based design of antiviral drugs against flaviviruses.

关键词： Jingmenviruses X-rays RNA-dependent RNA polymerase replication

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The genomic characteristics and pathogenicity of a mammalian orthoreovirus within a new lineage from wild pika in plateau

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第6期38卷 877-888页

作者： Kexin Zong Yuanyuan Guo Jingdong Song Maoshun Liu Junfeng Hao Jie Zhang Xin Li Shiyan Zhu Shuting Huo Ziqian Xu Peipei Liu Yingze Zhao Yuhai Bi Jiapeng Qu George F.Gao Jun Liu School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing102206China Laboratory Animal Center Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesXining810001China Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses(2018RU009) Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100021China

emerging and re-emerging viruses from wild animals have seriously threatened the health of humans and domesticated animals in recent ***,we isolated a new mammalian orthoreovirus(MRV),Pika/MRV/GCCDC7/2019(PMRV-GCCDC7),in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau wild pika(Ochotona curzoniae).Though the PMRVGCCDC7 shows features of a typical reovirus with ten gene segments arranged in 3:3:4 in length,the virus belongs to an independent evolutionary branch compared to other MRVs based on phylogenetic tree *** results of cellular susceptibility,species tropism,and replication kinetics of PMRV-GCCDC7 indicated the virus could infect four human cell lines(A549,Huh7,HCT,and LoVo)and six non-human cell lines,including Vero-E6,LLCMK2,BHK-21,N2a,MDCK,and RfKT cell,derived from diverse mammals,***,mice,canine and bat,which revealed the potential of PMRV-GCCDC7 to infect a variety of *** of BALB/c mice with PMRVGCCDC7 via intranasal inoculation led to relative weight loss,lung tissue damage and inflammation with the increase of virus titer,but no serious respiratory symptoms and death *** characterization of the new reovirus from a plateau-based wild animal has expanded our knowledge of the host range of MRV and provided insight into its risk of trans-species transmission and zoonotic diseases.

关键词： Plateau pika Mammalian orthoreovirus(MRV) emerging viruses Genomic characteristics Cellular tropism and pathogenicity

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Nonconserved epitopes dominate reverse preexisting T cell immunity in COVID-19 convalescents

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2984-2998页

作者： Xin Wang Jie Zhang Maoshun Liu Yuanyuan Guo Peipei Guo Xiaonan Yang Bingli Shang Min Li Jinmin Tian Ting Zhang Xi Wang Ronghua Jin Jikun Zhou George F.Gao Jun Liu Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging VirusesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Institute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases Beijing 100015China National Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015P.R.China School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035China School of Ophthalmology&Optometry Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi 530021China Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital Shijiazhuang 050011China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2 is continuously consolidated across the world during the ongoing ***,the potential function of the nonconserved epitopes in the reverse preexisting cross-reactivity induced by SARS-CoV-2 to other human coronaviruses is not well *** our research,we assessed T cell responses to both conserved and nonconserved peptides shared by SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV,identifying cross-reactive CD8^(+)T cell epitopes using enzyme-linked immunospot and intracellular cytokine staining ***,in vitro refolding and circular dichroism were performed to evaluate the thermal stability of the HLA/peptide ***,single-cell T cell receptor reservoir was analyzed based on tetramer ***,we discovered that cross-reactive T cells targeting SARS-CoV were present in individuals who had recovered from COVID-19,and identified SARS-CoV-2 CD8^(+)T cell epitopes spanning the major structural antigens.T cell responses induced by the nonconserved peptides between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV were higher and played a dominant role in the cross-reactivity in COVID-19 ***-T cell reactivity was also observed within the identified series of CD8^(+)T cell *** representative immunodominant peptide pairs,although the HLA binding capacities for peptides from SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV were similar,the TCR repertoires recognizing these peptides were *** results could provide beneficial information for the development of peptide-based universal vaccines against coronaviruses.

关键词： immunity conserved assessed

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An adjusted ELISpot-based immunoassay for evaluation of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses

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Biosafety and Health 2022年第3期4卷 179-185页

作者： Hao Lin Jie Zhang Shaobo Dong Yaning Liu Peipei Liu George F.Gao William J.Liu Guizhen Wu National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biosafety Research Units of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging VirusesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China Macheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention Huanggang 438300China Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

Like antibody evaluation,using an effective antigen‐specific T‐cell immunity assessment method in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID‐19)patients,survivors and vaccinees is crucial for understanding the immune persistence,prognosis assessment,and vaccine development for COVID‐*** study evaluated an empirically adjusted enzyme‐linked immunospot assay for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS‐CoV‐2)‐specific T‐cell immunity in 175 peripheral blood samples from COVID‐19 convalescents and healthy *** of viral nucleic acid were used as the gold standard of infection *** SARS‐CoV‐2M peptide pool had higher sensitivity of 85%and specificity of 71%for the single peptide *** combined peptide pools,the parallel evaluation(at least one of the peptide pools is positive)of total peptide pools(S1&S2&M&N)had higher sensitivity(up to 93%),and the serial evaluation(all peptide pools are positive)of total peptide pools had higher specificity(up to 100%).The result of the serial evaluation was better than that of the parallel evaluation as a *** detection efficiency of M and N peptide pool serial evaluation appeared the highest,with a sensitivity of 80%and specificity of 93%.This T‐cell immunity detection assay introduced in this report can achieve high operability and ***,it can be an effective SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific cellular immune function evaluation method.

关键词： SARS‐CoV‐2 COVID‐19 T‐cell response ELISpot assay Sensitivity Specificity

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A CRISPR/Cas12a-empowered surface plasmon resonance platform for rapid and specific diagnosis of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2

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National Science Review 2022年第8期9卷 100-109页

作者： Zhi Chen Jingfeng Li Tianzhong Li Taojian Fan Changle Meng Chaozhou Li Jianlong Kang Luxiao Chai Yabin Hao Yuxuan Tang Omar A.Al-Hartomy Swelm Wageh Abdullah G.Al-Sehemi Zhiguang Luo Jiangtian Yu Yonghong Shao Defa Li Shuai Feng William J.Liu Yaqing He Xiaopeng Ma Zhongjian Xie Han Zhang Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine Department of Otolaryngology Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research Shenzhen Han’s Tech Limited Company Shenzhen Metasensing Tech Limited Company Department of Physics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University Zhongmin (Shenzhen) Intelligent Ecology Co.Ltd Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Department of Laboratory Medicine Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Optoelectronics Research Center School of Science Minzu University of China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Pathogenic Organism Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention Respiratory Department Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Institute of Pediatrics Shenzhen Children’s Hospital

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was partially due to the challenge of identifying asymptomatic and presymptomatic carriers of the virus, and thus highlights a strong motivation for diagnostics with high sensitivity that can be rapidly deployed. On the other hand, several concerning SARS-Co V-2 variants,including Omicron, are required to be identified as soon as the samples are identified as ‘positive'.Unfortunately, a traditional PCR test does not allow their specific identification. Herein, for the first time,we have developed MOPCS(Methodologies of Photonic CRISPR Sensing), which combines an optical sensing technology-surface plasmon resonance(SPR) with the ‘gene scissors' clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR) technique to achieve both high sensitivity and specificity when it comes to measurement of viral variants. MOPCS is a low-cost, CRISPR/Cas12a-systemempowered SPR gene-detecting platform that can analyze viral RNA, without the need for amplification,within 38 min from sample input to results output, and achieve a limit of detection of 15 fM. MOPCS achieves a highly sensitive analysis of SARS-Co V-2, and mutations appear in variants B.1.617.2(Delta),B.1.1.529(Omicron) and BA.1(a subtype of Omicron). This platform was also used to analyze some recently collected patient samples from a local outbreak in China, identified by the Centers for Disease control and Prevention. This innovative CRISPR-empowered SPR platform will further contribute to the fast, sensitive and accurate detection of target nucleic acid sequences with single-base mutations.

关键词： surface plasmon resonance CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

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Rare peptide anchors of HLA class I alleles contribute to the COVID-19 disease severity and T cell memory

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Biosafety and Health 2023年第6期5卷 355-362页

作者： Xin Wang Jie Zhang Peipei Guo Yuanyuan Guo Xiaonan Yang Maoshun Liu Danni Zhang Yaxin Guo Jianbo Zhan Kun Cai Jikin Zhou Shaobo Dong Jun Liu Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging VirusesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Institute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases Beijing 100015China National Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035China Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wuhan 430079China Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital Shijiazhuang 050011China Macheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention Huanggang 438300China

Understanding how human leukocyte antigen(HLA)polymorphism affects both the susceptibility and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection will help to identify individuals at higher risk to better manage and prioritize vaccination at the clinical level and explain the differences in epidemic trends in different regions at the epidemiological *** study compared the frequencies of HLA class I alleles(HLA-A,B)in 214 coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients with different disease severity and 35 healthy controls and analyzed the correlations between specific HLA alleles and disease severity and T cell *** results showed no significant difference in HLA allele frequencies between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls(P>0.05).The allele HLA-B*13:02 was significantly correlated with the disease severity of COVID-19 patients(P=0.006).After adjustment for age and disease severity,the T cell responses of COVID-19 convalescents with the allele HLA-B*40:01 may be lower at six months(P=0.044)and 12 months(P=0.069).Moreover,these results may be due to their rare peptide anchors by analyzing the binding peptide motifs of these HLA *** study may be valuable for investigating the potential association of specific HLA alleles with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 HLA Susceptibility Disease severity

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Structure of monkeypox virus DNA polymerase holoenzyme

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四川生理科学杂志 2022年第12期44卷 2205-2205页

作者： Qi Peng CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Basic Medical Sciences School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China College of Future Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE) CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Disease (CEEID) Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100052 China.

The World Health Organization announced mpox(or monkeypox)as a public health emergency of international concern in July 2022,and prophylactic and therapeutic measures are in urgent *** monkeypox virus(MPXV)has its own DNA polymerase F8,together with the processive cofactors A22 and E4,constituting the polymerase holoenzyme for genome replication.

关键词： therapeutic monkey const

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Sustained abnormality with recovery of COVID-19 convalescents:a 2-year follow-up study

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Science Bulletin 2022年第15期67卷 1556-1561,M0004页

作者： Hao Lin Xueyuan Liu Heqiang Sun Jie Zhang Shaobo Dong Maoshun Liu Lei Li Jinmin Tian Yaxin Guo Jinxian Gan Zhangfu Chen Xin Wang Ying Lin Danni Zhang Yaning Liu Xiaoshan Zhang Peipei Liu Ke Xu Xiangtian Zhou Hao Liang George F.Gao William J.Liu Guizhen Wu National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biosafety Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging VirusesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Department of Laboratory Medicine The Second Medical Center&National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Macheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention Huanggang 438300China College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035China School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Biological Resources Development and Application Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

对COVID-19康复患者健康水平和康复后生活质量的评估是值得关注的重要问题.本研究建立了COVID-19康复者的随访队列,进行问卷调查和血液样本检测,血液指标共55项.参与者为2020年初大流行早期阶段湖北省麻城市的COVID-19患者(n=136),同时... 详细信息

对COVID-19康复患者健康水平和康复后生活质量的评估是值得关注的重要问题.本研究建立了COVID-19康复者的随访队列,进行问卷调查和血液样本检测,血液指标共55项.参与者为2020年初大流行早期阶段湖北省麻城市的COVID-19患者(n=136),同时纳入对照人群(n=125).康复1年后,60.5%报告至少存在一种不适症状,2年后该比例下降至47.5%.在急性期异常的白细胞、血小板、胆红素等指标,1年后基本恢复正常并在2年随访时保持.部分康复者血红蛋白、肌酐等在1年后异常,但多在2年后恢复.少数康复者肌红蛋白、碱性磷酸酶等指标在康复2年仍未完全恢复正常.本研究结果提示,对于新冠康复者需要合理的健康干预措施和较长的后续行动以促进康复.

关键词：康复者随访研究康复患者健康干预后续行动肌红蛋白碱性磷酸酶血液指标

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Crystal structures of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases from Jingmen tick virus and Alongshan virus

微生物与宿主健康（英文）

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微生物与宿主健康（英文） 2024年第1期2卷 18-31页

作者： Zhenyang Liu Qi Peng Pu Han Lu Kuai Jianxun Qi Yi Shi CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina International Institute of Vaccine Research and Innovation Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Life Science Academy BeijingChina International Institute of Vaccine Research and Innovation Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Life Science Academy BeijingChina International Institute of Vaccine Research and Innovation Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious DiseaseChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Life Science Academy BeijingChina International Institute of Vaccine Research and Innovation Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious DiseaseChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina

Jingmenviruses are a group of flavi-like viruses with segmented genome and have been found in various types of hosts,including humans,cattle,monkeys,bats,rodents,sheep,ticks,mosquitoes and ***,including the Jingmen tick virus(JMTV)and Alongshan virus(ALSV),have been associated with febrile illness and flu-like symp-toms in *** polymerase plays critical roles in genome replication and transcription and is an ideal target for antiviral ***,we determined the crystal structures of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp)domains of JMTV and ALSV at 2.6 Å and 3.2 Å resolutions,*** overall structures of JMTV and ALSV RdRp domains are similar to those from the typical unsegmented viruses in Flaviviridae family,especially the Flavivirus *** and ALSV RdRps can be divided into three subdomains and the catalytical Motif A-G are conserved like the typical fla-viviruses,whereas the zinc-binding pockets are absent from the JMTV and ALSV *** 5'-ends of jingmenvirus genomes are varied in length and sequence,and a highly conserved 8-nucleotide element located on the tip of stem loop A was identified and shown to be required for binding with RdRp and performing de novo replication *** findings provide important structural insights into RdRp of segmented flavivirus and reveal the key region of virus genome responsible for replication initiation,which would promote molecular understanding of segmented flavivirus replication and the structure-based design of antiviral drugs against flaviviruses.

关键词： Jingmenviruses X-rays RNA-dependent RNA polymerase replication

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Biosafety and immunology:An interdisciplinary field for health priority

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第5期6卷 310-318页

作者： Jun Liu Gary Wong Hui Li Yan Yang Yuxi Cao Yongfeng Li Yan Wu Zijie Zhang Cong Jin Xi Wang Yongwen Chen Bin Su Zhongfang Wang Qihui Wang Yunlong Cao Guobing Chen Zhaohui Qian Jincun Zhao Guizhen Wu NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID)Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging VirusesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Virology Unit Institut Pasteur du CambodgePasteur NetworkPhnom Penh 12000Cambodia Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center for Respiratory DiseasesChina-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150040China Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciencesand School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource and School of Life Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Institute of Immunology PLAThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing 200025China Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Guangzhou Laboratory Guangzhou 510005China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Changping Laboratory Beijing 102200China Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis&Infection Prevention and Control(Jinan University) Ministry of EducationDepartment of Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of Geriatric ImmunologySchool of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen Biolog

Biosafety hazards can trigger a host immune response after infection,invasion,or contact with the *** infection with a microorganism results in disease or biosafety concerns depends to a large extent on the immune status of the ***,it is essential to investigate the immunological character-istics of the host and the mechanisms of biological threats and agents to protect the host more *** and re-emerging infectious diseases,such as the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pan-demic,have raised concerns regarding both biosafety and immunology *** studies involved in biosafety and immunology are relevant in many fields,including the development of vaccines and other immune interventions such as monoclonal antibodies and T-cells,herd immunity(or population-level barrier immunity),immunopathology,and multispecies immunity,i.e.,animals and even ***,advances in immunological science and technology are occurring rapidly,resulting in important research achievements that may contribute to the recognition of emerging biosafety hazards,as well as early warning,prevention,and defense *** review provides an overview of the interdisciplinary field of biosafety and *** collaboration and innovative application of immunology in the field of bio-safety is becoming essential for human health.

关键词： Immunology Biosafety Diagnosis Prophylaxis Therapy

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