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Building an international consortium for tracking coronavirus health status (vol 78, pg 931, 2020)

NATURE MEDICINE 2020年第8期26卷 1309-1309页

作者： Segal, Eran Zhang, Feng Lin, Xihong King, Gary Shalem, Ophir Shilo, Smadar Allen, William E. Alquaddoomi, Faisal Altae-Tran, Han Anders, Simon Balicer, Ran Bauman, Tal Bonilla, Ximena Booman, Gisel Chan, Andrew T. Cohen, Ori Coletti, Silvano Davidson, Natalie Dor, Yuval Drew, David A. Elemento, Olivier Evans, Georgina Ewels, Phil Gale, Joshua Gavrieli, Amir Geiger, Benjamin Grad, Yonatan H. Greene, Casey S. Hajirasouliha, Iman Jerala, Roman Kahles, Andre Kallioniemi, Olli Keshet, Ayya Kocarev, Ljupco Landua, Gregory Meir, Tomer Muller, Aline Nguyen, Long H. Oresic, Matej Ovchinnikova, Svetlana Peterson, Hedi Prodanova, Jana Rajagopal, Jay Raetsch, Gunnar Rossman, Hagai Rung, Johan Sboner, Andrea Sigaras, Alexandros Spector, Tim Steinherz, Ron Stevens, Irene Vilo, Jaak Wilmes, Paul Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics and Department of Molecular Cell Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Howard Hughes Medical Institute Chevy Chase Maryland USA Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Departments of Biostatistics and Statistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Institute for Quantitative Social Science Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Department of Genetics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Pediatric Diabetes Unit Ruth Rappaport Children’s Hospital Rambam Healthcare Campus Haifa Israel Harvard Society of Fellows Harvard University Cambridge MA USA ETH Zurich NEXUS Personalized Health Technologies Zurich Switzerland Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany Clalit Research Institute Clalit Health Services Ramat Gan Israel Mapping and Geo-Information Engineering Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty The Technion Haifa Israel ETH Zurich Department for Computer Science Zurich University Hospital Zurich Medical Informatics Zurich and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Zurich Switzerland Regen Network Mar del Plata Argentina Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Boston MA USA Chelonia Applied Science Allschwil Switzerland IMRIC Developmental Biology and Cancer Research School of Medicine The Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Institute for Quantitative Social Science Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden http://*** Canada Department of Immunology Weizmann Institute of Scienc

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

关键词： Computational platforms and environments Databases Infectious diseases

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CINDERELLA Trial: validation of an artificial-intelligence cloud-based platform to improve the shared decision-making process and outcomes in breast cancer patients proposed for locoregional treatment

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European Journal of Surgical Oncology 2024年第2期50卷 107916-107916页

作者： Bonci, Eduard-Alexandru Kaidar-Person, Orit Antunes, Marilia Ciani, Oriana Cruz, Helena Di Micco, Rosa Gentilini, Oreste Gouveia, Pedro Heil, Jörg Kabata, Pawel Freitas, Nuno Gonçalves, Tiago Romariz, Miguel Martins, Henrique Mavioso, Carlos Mika, Martin Pfob, André Schinköthe, Timo Silva, Giovani Cardoso, Maria-João Champalimaud Foundation Champalimaud Research and Clinical Centre Lisbon Portugal Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Surgical Oncology and Gynecologic Oncology Department Cluj-Napoca Romania Sheba Medical Center Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy Unit Ramat Gan Israel Tel-Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine Tel-Aviv Israel University of Lisbon Faculty of Sciences Lisbon Portugal University of Lisbon Instituto Superior Técnico Lisbon Portugal SDA Bocconi University Center for Research on Health and Social Care Management Milan Italy San Raffaele University and Research Hospital Breast Surgery Unit Milan Italy University of Lisbon Faculty of Medicine Lisbon Portugal Heidelberg University Hospital Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Heidelberg Germany Medical University of Gdańsk Faculty of Medicine - Department of Surgical Oncology Gdańsk Poland INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering- Technology and Science Networked Intelligent Systems Porto Portugal University of Porto Faculty of Sciences Porto Portugal University of Porto Faculty of Engineering Porto Portugal ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon Social and Enterprise Sciences Lisbon Portugal CANKADO GmbH Ottobrunn Germany

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The repertoire of mutational signatures in human cancer (vol 578, pg 94, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E41-E41页

作者： Alexandrov, Ludmil B. Kim, Jaegil Haradhvala, Nicholas J. Huang, Mi Ni Ng, Alvin Wei Tian Wu, Yang Boot, Arnoud Covington, Kyle R. Gordenin, Dmitry A. Bergstrom, Erik N. Islam, S. M. Ashiqul Lopez-Bigas, Nuria Klimczak, Leszek J. McPherson, John R. Morganella, Sandro Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan Wheeler, David A. Mustonen, Ville Getz, Gad Rozen, Steven G. Stratton, Michael R. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department of Bioengineering Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego CA USA Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton UK Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center San Diego CA USA University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan Computational Biology Program Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Toronto ON Canada Programme in Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Centre for Computational Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Centre for Computational Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine National Heart Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Cancer Science Institute of Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Singapore Singapore Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome Division of Medical Science National Cancer Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory National Ins

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Prototype Framework of Low-Latency Collection of Multi-Point Video Stream over Multi-Hop Multi-Channel Wireless Network

Prototype Framework of Low-Latency Collection of Multi-Point...

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作者： Aung Myo Htut Juseong Kim JongWon Kim Chaodit Aswakul Wireless Network and Future Internet Research Unit Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Networked Computing Systems (NetCS) Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology

Big cities are facing heavy road traffic congestion. The main reason is the increasing number of vehicles beyond the road network capacity, which forces traffic police at times to be incapable of controlling the inevitable traffic jams. To resolve those traffic jams, traffic police need the near real-time information of the road network e.g. from traffic cameras. In this paper, a prototype framework of low-latency collection of multi-point video streams over a multi-hop multi-channel wireless network is proposed. Video frames are captured by Raspberry Pi cameras and sent by the wireless link to the herein-called IoT Concentrators. IoTCloud Hub then pulls and stores those video frames from the IoT Concentrators. Users（traffic police） can watch traffic videos from the display screen of the IoT-Cloud Hub. As a proof-of-concept implementation, two Pi Cameras have been set up with Apache Kafka Producers and two additional Raspberry Pi's have been set up as the IoT Concentrators, which run the leader and follower Apache Kafka Brokers. To complete our system, an Intel NUC as IoT-Cloud Hub and another Intel NUC as Orchestration-Hub have been also set up. We assume the available wired communication linkage between the Orchestration-Hub and the other devices. However, the links between the Pi Cameras, IoT Concentrators and IoT-Cloud Hub are wireless with Wi-Fi. To achieve a high performance, multiple Wi-Fi channels can be dynamically configured by the Orchestration-Hub to steer the VDO traffic（based on TCP） away from the congested channels. Based on the implementation prototype, the average TCP throughputs over all the wireless links have been improved by 56.046% on average, compared with the case without the dynamic Wi-Fi channel selection.

关键词： Apache Kafka Raspberry Pi video streaming wireless

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Performance of machine learning approaches on prediction of esophageal varices for Egyptian chronic hepatitis C patients

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Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2019年 17卷

作者： Abd El-Salam, Shimaa M. Ezz, Mohamed M. Hashem, Somaya Elakel, Wafaa Salama, Rabab ElMakhzangy, Hesham ElHefnawi, Mahmoud Department of Systems and Information Engineering Research Division National Research Centre Egypt Bioinformatics Group Centre of Excellence for Medical Research National Research Centre Giza Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Saudi Arabia Department of Systems and Computers Faculty of Engineering Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Esophageal Varices is one of the most common side-effects of liver cirrhosis diseases which is detected by Upper endoscopy. Screening all patients implies many endoscopies will be needed, which increases the workload of endoscopy units. The aim of this study is to find solutions to diagnose the disease, by analyzing the patterns found in the data through classification analysis, using machine learning techniques for early prediction in cirrhotic patients based on their clinical examination. This research study attempts to propose a quicker and more efficient technique for disease diagnosis, leading to timely patient treatment. Our method analyzed 4962 patients with chronic hepatitis C from fifteen different centers in Egypt between 2006 and 2017. The dataset included twenty-four individual clinical laboratory variables. Esophageal Varices was present in 2218 patients and absent in 2,744 patients. Different types of feature selection (Filter-Wrapper) Approaches were applied to select the most significant features. The proposed model used six common algorithms including Neural Networks, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest and Bayesian Network to achieve our objective. The results showed that correlation and (p-value) based on filter method and Bayesian Network algorithm are well-suited for this analysis. Only nine variables: Gender, Platelet, Albumin, Total Bilirubin, Baseline_PCR, Liver, Spleen, Stiffness, and prothrombin concentration were the most significant predictors for Esophageal Varices. The Bayesian Network algorithm showed the highest performance;it achieved 74.8% and 68.9% for Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic curves and accuracy, respectively. To conclude, machine learning techniques were able to predict Esophageal Varices in cirrhotic patients. The experimental results show that the Bayesian Network achieved better results than the other approaches. © 2019

关键词： Esophageal varices Hepatitis C virus Machine learning Medical diagnosis Prediction algorithms

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Correction: Dihydroartemisinin inhibits prostate cancer via JARID2/miR-7/miR-34a-dependent downregulation of Axl

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Oncogenesis 2024年第1期13卷 32页

作者： Juliano D Paccez Kristal Duncan Durairaj Sekar Ricardo G Correa Yihong Wang Xuesong Gu Manoj Bashin Kelly Chibale Towia A Libermann Luiz F Zerbini International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) Cape Town South Africa. Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa. Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla CA USA. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Warren Alpert School of Medicine Brown University Providence RI USA. BIDMC Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa. International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) Cape Town South Africa. luiz.zerbini@***. Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa. luiz.zerbini@***.

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Deep learning - A first meta-survey of selected reviews across scientific disciplines, their commonalities, challenges and research impact

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Egger, Jan Pepe, Antonio Gsaxner, Christina Jin, Yuan Li, Jianning Kern, Roman Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory Graz Austria Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medical University of Graz Graz Austria University Medicine Essen Essen Germany Research Center for Connected Healthcare Big Data Zhejiang Lab Zhejiang Hangzhou China Research Unit Experimental Neurotraumatology Department of Neurosurgery Medical University of Graz Graz Austria Knowledge Discovery Know-Center Graz Austria Institute of Interactive Systems and Data Science Graz University of Technology Graz Austria

Deep learning belongs to the field of artificial intelligence, where machines perform tasks that typically require some kind of human intelligence. Deep learning tries to achieve this by drawing inspiration from the learning of a human brain. Similar to the basic structure of a brain, which consists of (billions of) neurons and connections between them, a deep learning algorithm consists of an artificial neural network, which resembles the biological brain structure. Mimicking the learning process of humans with their senses, deep learning networks are fed with (sensory) data, like texts, images, videos or sounds. These networks outperform the state-of-the-art methods in different tasks and, because of this, the whole field saw an exponential growth during the last years. This growth resulted in way over 10,000 publications per year in the last years. For example, the search engine PubMed alone, which covers only a sub-set of all publications in the medical field, provides already over 11,000 results in Q3 2020 for the search term 'deep learning', and around 90% of these results are from the last three years. Consequently, a complete overview over the field of deep learning is already impossible to obtain and, in the near future, it will potentially become difficult to obtain an overview over a subfield. However, there are several review articles about deep learning, which are focused on specific scientific fields or applications, for example deep learning advances in computer vision or in specific tasks like object detection. With these surveys as a foundation, the aim of this contribution is to provide a first high-level, categorized meta-survey of selected reviews on deep learning across different scientific disciplines and outline the research impact that they already have during a short period of time. The categories (computer vision, language processing, medical informatics and additional works) have been chosen according to the underlying data sources (image,

关键词： Surveys

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Computational Approaches to Explainable Artificial Intelligence: Advances Intheory, Applications and Trends

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Górriz, Juan Manuel Álvarez-Illán, I. Álvarez-Marquina, A. Arco, J.E. Atzmueller, M. Ballarini, F. Barakova, E. Bologna, G. Bonomini, P. Castellanos-Dominguez, G. Castillo-Barnes, D. Cho, S.B. Contreras, R. Cuadra, J.M. Domínguez, E. Domínguez-Mateos, F. Duro, R.J. Elizondo, D. Fernández-Caballero, A. Fernandez-Jover, E. Formoso, M.A. Gallego-Molina, N.J. Gamazo, J. García González, J. Garcia-Rodriguez, J. Garre, C. Garrigós, J. Gómez-Rodellar, A. Gómez-Vilda, P. Graña, M. Guerrero-Rodriguez, B. Hendrikse, S.C.F. Jimenez-Mesa, C. Jodra-Chuan, M. Julian, V. Kotz, G. Kutt, K. Leming, M. de Lope, J. Macas, B. Marrero-Aguiar, V. Martinez, J.J. Martinez-Murcia, F.J. Martínez-Tomás, R. Mekyska, J. Nalepa, G.J. Novais, P. Orellana, D. Ortiz, A. Palacios-Alonso, D. Palma, J. Pereira, A. Pinacho-Davidson, P. Pinninghoff, M.A. Ponticorvo, M. Psarrou, A. Ramírez, J. Rincón, M. Rodellar-Biarge, V. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, I. Roelofsma, P.H.M.P. Santos, J. Salas-Gonzalez, D. Salcedo-Lagos, P. Segovia, F. Shoeibi, A. Silva, M. Simic, D. Suckling, J. Treur, J. Tsanas, A. Varela, R. Wang, S.H. Wang, W. Zhang, Y.D. Zhu, H. Zhu, Z. Ferrández-Vicente, J.M. SiPBA at Data Science and Computational Intelligence Institute University of Granada Granada Spain University of Granada Granada Spain Dept. of Psychiatry University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Dept. of Communications Engineering University of Malaga Malaga Spain School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Leicester Leicester United Kingdom Semantic Information Systems Group Osnabrück University Osnabrück Germany Osnabrück Germany Dept. of Electronics Computer Technology and Projects Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Cartagena Spain Universitat Politècnica de València València Spain Institute of Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland Dept. of Information and Communication Engineering University of Murcia Murcia Spain Dept. of Computer Science and Information Technologies University of A Coruña A Coruña Spain Dept. of Computer Science University of Oviedo Oviedo Spain Buenos Aires Argentina Buenos Aires Argentina Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5612 AZ Netherlands Dept. of Computer Science University of Malaga Malaga Spain De Montfort University Leicester United Kingdom Dept. of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile Neurocognition and Emotion Research Unit Albacete Research Institute of Informatics University of Castilla-La Mancha Albacete Spain Dept. of Educational Informatics Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile Madrid Spain Dept. of Humanistic Studies University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Campus de Móstoles Móstoles Madrid28933 Spain Neuromorphic Speech Processing Lab Center for Biomedical Technology Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Campus de Montegancedo Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid28223 Spain Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid28016 Spain Usher Institute Faculty o

Groundbreaking advances in theoretical and applied Artificial Intelligence (AI). DL algorithms are groundedin non-linear and complex artificial neural systems that progressively extract higher-level features from *** is frequently compared with human-level performance in real-world tasks, such as clinical diagnostics. Itis also a turning point in solving otherwise intractable problems in the design of virtual agents or robotics;orin providing novel insight into disease progress in genomics and Neuroimaging (NI), understanding humanbrain function, the automation of industrial processes based on computer vision, and so on. In this paper, themost relevant advances from the last few years in AI and several applications to neuroscience, neuroimaging,computer vision, and robotics are presented, reviewed and discussed. In this way, we summarize the state-ofthe-art in AI methods, models and applications within a collection of works presented at the 9th InternationalConference on the Interplay between Natural and Artificial Computation (IWINAC). The works presentedin this paper are excellent examples of new scientific discoveries made in laboratories that are successfullytransferred to real-life applications. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neuroimaging

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Hearing loss prevalence and years lived with disability, 1990-2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet 2021年第10278期397卷 996-1009页

作者： Haile, Lydia M. Kamenov, Kaloyan Briant, Paul Svitil Orji, Aislyn U. Steinmetz, Jaimie D. Abdoli, Amir Abdollahi, Mohammad Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Afshin, Ashkan Ahmed, Haroon Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Akalu, Yonas Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Al Hamad, Hanadi Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Amu, Hubert Arabloo, Jalal Arab-Zozani, Morteza Arulappan, Judie Ashbaugh, Charlie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Banik, Palash Chandra Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barrow, Amadou Bender, Rose G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Burkart, Katrin Cederroth, Christopher R. Charan, Jaykaran Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Desalew, Assefa Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal, Meghnath Doyle, Kerrie E. Duncan, Bruce B. Ekholuenetale, Michael Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Franklin, Richard Charles Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane, Shilpa Gallus, Silvano Ghamari, Farhad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Ghozali, Ghozali Gilani, Syed Amir Glǎvan, Ionela-Roxana Golechha, Mahaveer Goulart, Barbara Niegia Garcia Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Hamidi, Samer Hammond, Billy Randall Hay, Simon I. Hayat, Khezar Heidari, Golnaz Hoffman, Howard J. Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Househ, Mowafa Hussain, Rabia Hwang, Bing-Fang Iavicoli, Ivo Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Iwagami, Masao Jacob, Louis Jayapal, Sathish Kumar Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B. Kalhor, Rohollah Al-Salihi, Nawzad Kameran Kandel, Himal Kasa, Ayele Semachew Kayode, Gbenga A. Khalilov, Rovshan Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli Kosen, Soewarta Koyanagi, Ai Kumar, G. Anil Landires, Ivan Lasrado, Savita Lim, Stephen S. Liu, Xuefeng Lobo, Stany W. Lugo, Alessandra Makki, Alaa Mendoza, Walter Mersha, Amanual Getnet Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Noncommunicable Diseases World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva Switzerland Department of Parasitology and Mycology Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Jahrom Iran The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Biosciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Kurdistan Hewler Erbil Iraq Department of Medical Physiology University of Gondar Gondar Ethiopia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia Health Information Management and Technology Department Dammam Saudi Arabia Geriatric and Long Term Care Department Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Rumailah Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biological Sciences National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan Health Management and Economics Research Center Tehran Iran Department of Community Medicine King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Social Determinants of Health Research Center Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran Department of Maternal and Child Health Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Department of Health System and Health Economics Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia Department of Pharmacy University of Huddersfield Huddersfield United Kingdom Unit of Biochemistry Universiti

Background: Hearing loss affects access to spoken language, which can affect cognition and development, and can negatively affect social wellbeing. We present updated estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study on the prevalence of hearing loss in 2019, as well as the condition's associated disability. Methods: We did systematic reviews of population-representative surveys on hearing loss prevalence from 1990 to 2019. We fitted nested meta-regression models for severity-specific prevalence, accounting for hearing aid coverage, cause, and the presence of tinnitus. We also forecasted the prevalence of hearing loss until 2050. Findings: An estimated 1·57 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·51–1·64) people globally had hearing loss in 2019, accounting for one in five people (20·3% [19·5–21·1]). Of these, 403·3 million (357·3–449·5) people had hearing loss that was moderate or higher in severity after adjusting for hearing aid use, and 430·4 million (381·7–479·6) without adjustment. The largest number of people with moderate-to-complete hearing loss resided in the Western Pacific region (127·1 million people [112·3–142·6]). Of all people with a hearing impairment, 62·1% (60·2–63·9) were older than 50 years. The Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index explained 65·8% of the variation in national age-standardised rates of years lived with disability, because countries with a low HAQ Index had higher rates of years lived with disability. By 2050, a projected 2·45 billion (2·35–2·56) people will have hearing loss, a 56·1% (47·3–65·2) increase from 2019, despite stable age-standardised prevalence. Interpretation: As populations age, the number of people with hearing loss will increase. Interventions such as childhood screening, hearing aids, effective management of otitis media and meningitis, and cochlear implants have the potential to ameliorate this burden. Because the burden of moderate-to-complete hearing loss is concentrated in countries with low health-ca

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Exploring the effect of image enhancement techniques on COVID‐19 detection using chest X‐rays images

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Rahman, Tawsifur Khandakar, Amith Qiblawey, Yazan Tahir, Anas Kiranyaz, Serkan Kashem, Saad Bin Abul Islam, Mohammad Tariqul Maadeed, Somaya Al Zughaier, Susu M. Khan, Muhammad Salman Chowdhury, Muhammad E.H. Department of Biomedical Physics & Technology University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Department of Electrical Engineering Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Faculty of Robotics and Advanced Computing Qatar Armed Forces‐Academic Bridge Program Qatar Foundation Doha24404 Qatar Dept. of Electrical Electronics and Systems Engineering Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia BangiSelangor43600 Malaysia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit QU Health Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan

The use of computer-aided diagnosis in the reliable and fast detection of corona virus disease (COVID-19) has become a necessity to prevent the spread of the virus during the pandemic to ease the burden on the medical infrastructure. Chest X-ray (CXR) imaging has several advantages over other imaging techniques as it is cheap, easily accessible, fast and portable. CXR images are sometimes of poor quality and so image enhancement techniques can help the machine learning models to extract valuable discriminating features from the image. Numerous works have been reported on COVID-19 detection from smaller set of original X-ray images. However, the effect of image enhancement in COVID-19 detection was not reported in the literature. This paper explores the effect of various popular image enhancement techniques and states the © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Image enhancement

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