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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Soo Hyun Bae Moon-Cheol Kim Biing-Hwang Juang Center for Signal and Image Processing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Video Laboratory Digital Media Research & Development Center Samsung Electronics Company Limited Suwon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780388747

The emergence of HDTV accelerates the evolution of high-resolution imaging systems. A 3CCD digital camera system has been developed for higher resolution than one CCD imaging has. From the pixel correlation caused by a half-pixel shift of the green channel, we can interpolate pixels and get four times higher resolution of the color image. The proposed method involves three projection operators. The first is to reduce aliasing of image regions by selective projection in subband channels. The second projection makes an inverse of the MTF which generates blurring over the entire image. The last operator works for fast convergence. From experimental results, the proposed algorithm shows suppression of jagging effects and restoration of aliased image regions. It is experimentally shown that the projection process converges and is almost finished at the first iteration.

关键词： Interpolation High-resolution imaging image resolution Pixel HDTV Acceleration Digital cameras Charge coupled devices Color Convergence

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Optimum threshold generation for automated visual inspection of large-scale integration wafer patterns

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SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS IN JAPAN 1996年第11期27卷 74-86页

作者： Maeda, S Kubota, H Makihira, H Production Engineering Research Laboratory Hitachi Ltd. 292 Yohohama Japan 244 Shuqji Maeda:graduated in 1978 from the Department of Electronic Engineering Kobe University where he obtained a Master's degree in 1980. He is now affiliated with Hitachi Ltd. as a Senior Researcher 3rd Department in the Production Engineering Research Laboratory where he is engaged in research on industrial application of image processing such as automatic visual inspection for semiconductor and liquid crystal displays. Bitoshi Kubota:graduated in 1971 from the Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering at Yamanashi University where he obtained a Master's degree in 1973. He is now affiliated with Hitachi Ltd. as a Senior Researcher 3rd Department in the Production Engineering Research Laboratory where he is engaged in research and development of semiconductor production facilities. Hiroshi Mnkiharrr:graduated in 1956 from the Department of Electrical Engineering at Mihara Tech. High School. He is affiliatedwith Hitachi Ltd. as a Researcher 3rd Department in the Production Engineering Research Laboratory. Previously he was engaged in the development of transistor TVs at Yokohama Works and memory devices at Odawara Works. Currently he is engaged in the development of semiconductor production facilities in the Production Engineering Research Laboratory.

The authors have developed a submicron-level defect detection method that avoids the unnecessary detection of grains produced by some layers. As part of an automated visual inspection system for Large-Scale Integration wafer multilayer patterns, the developed method can detect defects reliably by automatically generating an optimum threshold for each pattern according to the occurrence of grains in each area of the pattern, and then binarizing the subtracted gray-scale images with the threshold. This method is used in comparison inspections of periodic cell patterns in the same die. This can be realized without using design pattern and process information. This paper proposes an edge-preserving grain-noise smoothing algorithm that generates a uniform threshold for each region surrounded by the pattern edges according to the grains detected using the multiple cell patterns to be inspected. It is confirmed through experiments with actual LSI wafers that defects on the order of 0.5 mu m and greater, which exist at pattern edges and in the regions having no grains, can be detected stably without the unnecessary detection of grains, even with grain sizes on the order of 1 similar to 1.3 mu m in some layers.

关键词： visual inspection threshold edge-preserving

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Buffer-constrained R-D model-based rate control for H.264/AVC

Buffer-constrained R-D model-based rate control for H.264/AV...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Ping Li X.K. Yang W.S. Lin BL Mainstream Flat Displays Development Philips Electronics Singapore Private Limited Singapore Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai Jiaotong University China Media Division Institute for Infocomm Research Singapore

Most existing R-D model based rate control schemes are not applicable in H.264/AVC due to the unique features of H.264/AVC, for example, the QP-dependent rate distortion optimization (RDO); the large number of bits (header bits) used for encoding the header information (except DCT coefficients) of a macroblock (MB); the huge number of zero-coefficient MBs. We present an R-D model based rate control scheme for H.264/AVC. A pre-analysis is conducted for R-D estimation. A rate model is developed to estimate the coefficient bits and the header bits separately. A frame-level bit allocation scheme is proposed. In comparison with JM6.1e, our scheme not only evidently improves the PSNR of decoded video (an average 0.54 dB PSNR gain is achieved for 7 sequences tested) but also meets the target bit rates accurately (within 2%).

关键词： Automatic voltage control Quadratic programming Bit rate Communication system control PSNR Quantization Lagrangian functions Displays image communication Information processing

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Hardware annealing for fast retrieval of optimal solutions in Hopfield neural networks

Hardware annealing for fast retrieval of optimal solutions i...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： B.J. Sheu B.W. Lee C.-F. Chang Signal and Image Processing Institute and Center of Neural Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Bucheon Research and Development Center Samsung Electronics Company Limited South Korea

Due to the feedback characteristics of Hopfield networks, the solutions often get stuck at local minima where the objective functions have surrounding barriers. The theory and procedure of hardware annealing, which can retrieve the optimal solution in parallel, have been developed. In hardware annealing, voltage gains of output neurons in asynchronous VLSI neural chips are increased from an initial low value to a final high value in a continuous fashion. Hardware annealing can be applied to pure analog and mixed analog-digital neurocomputing systems. It achieves a speed-up factor of more than 10000 times over simulated annealing on a SUN-3/60 workstation.< >

关键词： Neural network hardware Intelligent networks Hopfield neural networks Very large scale integration Neurons Computational modeling Simulated annealing Boltzmann distribution Voltage Analog-digital conversion

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Mutiple-view object tracking using metadata

Mutiple-view object tracking using metadata

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International Conference on Wavelet Analysis and Pattern Recognition (ICWAPR)

作者： Inho Paek Changhan Park Myeongsuk Ki Kyoungju Park Joonki Paik Image Processing and Intelligent System Laboratory Department of Image Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul South Korea Advanced Technology Research & Development Center Samsung Thales Company Limited Yongin si Gyeonggi South Korea Digital Broadcasting Research Division ETRI Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute Daejeon South Korea Next Generation Imaging Contents Laboratory Department of Image Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul South Korea

In this paper we present a moving object tracking method in a multiple camera tracking system using meta-data. The proposed method acquires image sequences from multiple fixed cameras without a priori camera calibration. The tracking is performed based on object's robust characteristics, such as motion, shape, color, and etc. Elements of meta-data and the optimal tracking method are selected at each frame. Because object's characteristics are affected by camera position and environmental condition, tracking method between individual cameras is selected by optimal metadata. Tracking in a single view can be divided into three classes, such as; optical flow-based moving object detector, active shape model (ASM), color correlation based detector. The proposed method matches objects to most similar object color information, by comparing meta-data and ASM. In the experiment, the proposed multi-camera tracking system is show to be robust for non-rigid objects.

关键词： Cameras Tracking Robot vision systems Surveillance Humans Biological system modeling image analysis Robustness Object detection Active shape model

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Patch-based Object Tracking via Locality-constrained Linear Coding

Patch-based Object Tracking via Locality-constrained Linear ...

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第35届中国控制会议

作者： Kunqi Gu Mingna Liu Tao Zhou Fanghui Liu Xiangjian He Jie Yang Yu Qiao Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Institute of Spaceflight Control Technology Infrared Detection Technology Research and Development Center China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation School of Computing and Communications University of Technology The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for System Control and Information Processing

ISBN: (纸本)9781509009107

In this paper,the Locality-constrained Linear Coding(LLC) algorithm is incorporated into the object tracking ***,we extract local patches within a candidate and then utilize the LLC algorithm to encode these *** on these codes,we exploit pyramid max pooling strategy to generate a richer feature *** feature histogram which integrates holistic and part-based features can be more discriminative and ***,an occlusion handling strategy is utilized to make our tracker more ***,an efficient graph-based manifold ranking algorithm is exploited to capture the relevance between target templates and *** tracking,target templates are taken as labeled nodes while target candidates are taken as unlabeled nodes,and the goal of tracking is to search for the candidate that is the most relevant to existing labeled nodes by manifold ranking *** on challenging video sequences have demonstrated the superior accuracy and robustness of the proposed method in comparison to other state-of-the-art baselines.

关键词： object tracking LLC pyramid max-pooling local appearance model manifold ranking

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Accuracy and Repeatability of Computer Aided Cervical Vertebra Landmarking in Cephalogram

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2012年第1期32卷 119-123页

作者：陈莉莉蓝智聪许向阳林久祥胡怀飞 Department of Stomatology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Orthodontics Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and DirectorResearch Center of Craniofacial Growth and Development

The accuracy and repeatability of computer aided cervical vertebra landmarking (CACVL) were investigated in cephalogram.120 adolescents (60 boys,60 girls) aged from 9.1 to 17.2 years old were randomly ***-seven landmarks from the second to fifth cervical vertebrae on the lat-eral cephalogram were *** this study,the system of CACVL was developed and used to iden-tify and calculate the landmarks by fast marching method and parabolic curve *** accuracy and repeatability in CACVL group were compared with those in two manual landmarking groups [orthodon-tic experts (OE) group and orthodontic novices (ON) group].The results showed that,as for the accu-racy,there was no significant difference between CACVL group and OE group no matter in x-axis or y-axis (P>0.05),but there was significant difference between CACVL group and ON group,as well as OE group and ON group in both axes (P<0.05).As for the repeatability,CACVL group was more reli-able than OE group and ON group in both *** is concluded that CACVL has the same or higher ac-curacy,better repeatability and less workload than manual landmarking ***’s reliable for cervi-cal parameters identification on the lateral cephalogram and cervical vertebral maturation prediction in orthodontic practice and research.

关键词： cervical vertebral maturation fast marching method parabolic curve fitting landmark ac-curacy repeatability

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A mini-review of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for overall water splitting in non-alkaline electrolytes

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2021年第2期1卷 48-60页

作者： Jie Yu Yawen Dai Qijiao He Dongqi Zhao Zongping Shao Meng Ni Department of Building and Real Estate The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077PR China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Education MinistryHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing210009PR China Department of Chemical Engineering Curtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845Australia Environmental Energy Research Group Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development(RISUD)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077PR China

development of noble-metal-free materials with remarkable electrocatalytic water-splitting performance in acidic or neutral media has sparked considerable attention in recent ***,we review the latest research on design and fabrication of precious-metal-free catalytic materials for overall water electrolysis in non-alkaline environment,especially highlighting several optimizing approaches to enhance the catalytic behavior and to realize effective bifunctional *** these involved noble-metal-free electrocatalysts are classified into transition-metal oxides(TMOs),transition-metal nitrides(TMNs),transition-metal carbides(TMCs),transition-metal phosphides(TMPs),transition-metal chalcogenides,metal complexes,and metal-free carbons,as shown in the main ***,the paper also offers an introduction of the fundamental electrochemistry of water splitting before entering the subject,as well as a prospective discussion on mechanism understanding,novel catalysts fabrication,and standardized performance measurements/evaluation in the last section.

关键词： Noble-metal-free electrocatalyst Overall water splitting Oxygen evolution reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction Non-alkaline electrolyte Bifunctional catalytic electrode

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5A-3 Spatial and Temporal Controlled Tissue Heating on a Modified Clinical Ultrasound Scanner for Generating Mild Hyperthermia in Tumors

5A-3 Spatial and Temporal Controlled Tissue Heating on a Mod...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： D. E. Kruse D. N. Stephens E. E. Paoli S. Barnes K. W. Ferrara Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California슠Davis Davis CA USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA USA Image Processing Department Siemens Corporate Research and Development Inc. Issaquah WA USA

We present a new system for generating controlled tissue heating with a clinical ultrasound scanner and initial in vitro and in vivo results that demonstrate both transient and sustained heating in the mild- hyperthermia range of 37-42degC. The system consists of a Siemens Antarestrade ultrasound scanner, a custom dual-frequency 3-row transducer array, and an external temperature feedback control system. The transducer has 2 outer rows that operate at 1.5 MHz for tissue heating and a center row that operates at 5 MHz for B-mode imaging. Temperature measurement is accomplished using a thermocouple encased within a 29 gauge stainless steel needle. The temperature measurements are fed into a modified proportional-differential-integral (PID) control loop programmed in LabVIEWtrade running on an external PC. Modifications to the PID loop include a limited bandwidth differential section and integrator anti-windup. The PID loop controls duty cycle by varying the PRF on a SIEMENS Antares ultrasound scanner, and the resulting PRF update rate is approximately 3 Hz. The heating beam is directed using the pulsed-Doppler cursor with reference to a 5 MHz B-mode image. B-mode updates also occur at approximately 3 Hz. In vitro results show differential heating of chicken breast of 8degC at the beam focus. We show that the system is able to maintain the temperature to within 0.1degC of the desired temperature both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo tests of the system were performed on a mouse bearing Met-1 tumors, which is a model of aggressive, metastatic and highly vascular breast cancer. In superficially implanted tumors, we demonstrate controlled heating to temperatures in the 39-42degC range, which is ideal for releasing drugs from thermally-sensitive liposomes.

关键词： Temperature control Heating Ultrasonic imaging Hyperthermia Neoplasms In vitro In vivo Three-term control Ultrasonic transducers Temperature measurement

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Zero-Sum Game Based Secure Tracking Control of UAV Against FDI Attacks Using Fixed-Time Convergent Reinforcement Learning

Zero-Sum Game Based Secure Tracking Control of UAV Against F...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Zhenyu Gong Feisheng Yang Dongrui Wu Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

In this paper, a fixed-time convergent reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm is developed to realize the secure tracking control of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) via the zero-sum game for the first time. To mitigate FDI attack on actuators that may cause the UAV to deviate from the reference trajectory, a zero-sum differential game framework is built in which the secure controller tries to minimize the common performance function, yet the attacker plays a contrary role. Obtaining the optimal secure tracking controller depends on solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs (HJI) equation related to the zero-sum game. Therefore, a critic-only online RL algorithm is proposed that can converge in a fixed time interval, with the corresponding convergence proof provided. A simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the raised method.

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