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Trends in Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus Among United States Adults: Cross-Sectional Analyses from NHANES 2011-2020

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY 2022年 175卷 184-185页

作者： Gupta, Kartik Obeidat, Liyan Kakar, Tanya Singh Fadel, Raef Ali Al Rifai, Mahmoud Abushamat, Layla A. Virani, Salim S. [a]Department of Medicine Henry Ford Hospital Detroit Michigan [b]Division of Hospital Medicine Henry Ford Hospital Detroit Michigan [c]Section of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas [d]Health Policy Quality & Informatics Program Health Services Research and Development Center for Innovations in Quality Effectiveness and Safety (IQuESt) Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center Houston Texas [e]Section of Cardiology Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center Houston Texas

Early detection and management of diabetes mellitus (DM) will help achieve the World Health Organization Global Action Plan target of a 25% relative reduction in premature mortality because of non-communicable diseases.1 Currently, there are limited data on the prevalence and racial disparities in undiagnosed DM in the United States after 2016. Undiagnosed DM was defined as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5% (≥48 mmol/mol) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/100 ml (≥7.0 mmol/L) in the same blood sample in participants without diagnosed DM. The lower prevalence in our study versus the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data available online is because of confirmatory testing and sample weighting in our analyses.4 We feel this reflects the disease burden more accurately.5 Our study has limitations inherent to survey-based *** The authors have no conflicts of interest to *** materials Supplementary material associated with this article can be found in the online version at https://***/10.1016/*** Supplementary materials Image, application 1

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Improvement of Rice Production under Drought Conditions in West Africa:Application of QTLs in Breeding for Drought Resistance

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Rice science 2022年第6期29卷 512-521页

作者： Kossi Lorimpo ADJAH Maxwell Darko ASANTE Aboubacar TOURE Mawuli AZIADEKEY Francis Osei AMOAKO-ANDOH Michael FREI Yacouba DIALLO Komi AGBOKA West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use/Climate Change and Agriculture Program IPR/IFRAP.O.Box 224KatibougouMali Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Crops Research Institute P.O.Box 3785Fumesua-KumasiGhana University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako(USTTB)P.O.Box 423BamakoMali International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics P.O.Box 320BamakoMali University of Lomé(UL) P.O.Box 1515LoméTogo Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding of Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen Giessen 35392Germany Polytechnic Rural Institute of Training and Applied Research(IPR/IFRA) P.O.Box 224KatibougouMali Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-College of Science and Technology Department of Plant Resources DevelopmentP.O.Box 3785Fumesua-KumasiGhana

Rice plays a paramount role in food and nutrition security in many West African *** the doubling of production during the last decade,rice consumption has grown faster,creating a deficit between the demand and *** the West African sub-region remains the main rice-producing centre on the continent,production is severely hampered by biotic and abiotic *** is one of the factors that most severely reduce grain yields of *** of production need to be established in order to mitigate yield loss as a result of *** review discusses the effects of drought on rice production in West Africa and its mitigation with an emphasis on the improvement of tolerance to drought *** stability can be achieved by developing drought-tolerant varieties through several processes encompassing profiling of known QTLs and identification of new ones,marker-assisted selection,genomic selection,and extensive multi-locational yield *** suggest a comprehensive strategy for breeding drought-tolerant rice varieties in West Africa.

关键词： West Africa rice drought-tolerant variety QTL high-throughput genotyping

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IoT-Based Strawberry Disease Detection With Wall-Mounted Monitoring Cameras

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2024年第1期11卷 1439-1451页

作者： Lin, Yi-Bing Liu, Chun-You Chen, Wen-Liang Chang, Chia-Hui Ng, Fung-Ling Yang, Krista Hsung, Jerry Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan China Medical University College of Humanities and Sciences Taichung404 Taiwan National Cheng Kung University MiinWu School of Computing Tainan701 Taiwan Academia Sinica Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Taipei115 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Biological Science and Technology Hsinchu30010 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Industrial Development Graduate Program College of Biological Science and Technology Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Proto Solution System Company Ltd. Hsinchu302052 Taiwan

This article proposes StrawberryTalk, an Internet of Things (IoT) platform for image-based strawberry disease detection. StrawberryTalk reuses the wall-mounted monitoring cameras without extra hardware cost. The contributions of StrawberryTalk are the utilization of IoT for automatic photo shoot and the wind detection mechanism to eliminate the obscure photos due to the wind effects. Also, the data preprocessing and the infection detection models are manipulated as IoT devices to simplify the implementation of the multicascade artificial intelligence (AI) models. We derive the relationship between the camera zoom factor and the distance between the camera and the strawberries for optimal disease detection. Accuracy of detection may be affected by obscure photos. In terms of eliminating obscure photos due to wind effect, we analytically derive the relationship between the wind alert delay and the number of obscure photos that must be retaken. For the greenhouses in the Bao Mountain, we only need to retake one photo. Based on the experiments, the mean average precision (mAP) of StrawberryTalk (to detect exact spots in a leaf) can be up to 92.37%, which is better than the previous approaches. To detect if a pot has infected leaves, the accuracy of StrawberryTalk can be up to 97.92% at the zoom factor 30×. In commercial operation, it is important to detect all infected strawberry pots. StrawberryTalk is able to detect all infected pots (i.e., recall is 100%) with a camera of zoom factor of 12× . The accuracy is 96.88%. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Cameras

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CARMA℠: MARITIME ADMINISTRATION CDA development AND TESTING

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Public Roads 2021年第2期85卷 10-12页

作者： Park, Hyungjun Claussen, Kirk Grooms, Lindsey Piskai, Katie Blizzard Leslie, Ed CARMA Freight program in FHWA’s Operations Research and Development United States Maritime Administration’s Office of Ports & Waterways as a port finance agent and leads port innovation activities United States FHWA’s Saxton Lab United States Connected and Automated Vehicles United States Saxton Lab United States

Urban streets, commuter corridors, work zones-all of these environments can benefit from the implementation of cooperative driving automation (CDA) technologies. But the benefits of CDA are not only for passenger trav... 详细信息

关键词： Traffic control

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Cell-autonomous effect of cardiomyocyte branched-chain amino acid catabolism in heart failure in mice

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中国药理学报（英文版） 2023年第7期44卷 1380-1390页

作者： Jia-yu Yu Nancy Cao Christoph D.Rau Ro-Po Lee Jieping Yang Rachel J.Roth Flach Lauren Petersen Cansheng Zhu Yea-Lyn Pak Russell A.Miller Yunxia Liu Yibin Wang Zhaoping Li Haipeng Sun Chen Gao Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education Department of PathophysiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University of MedicineShanghai 200025China School of Medicine and Public Health University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA Department of Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA Department of Medicine David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Pfizer Worldwide Research Development and MedicalCambridgeMAUSA Health Science Center University of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Anesthesiology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA La Ronde Pharmaceuticals CambridgeMAUSA Signature Research Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases DukeNUS School of Medicine and National Heart Center of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Parallel to major changes in fatty acid and glucose metabolism,defect in branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)catabolism has also been recognized as a metabolic hallmark and potential therapeutic target for heart ***,BCAA catabolic enzymes are ubiquitously expressed in all cell types and a systemic BCAA catabolic defect is also manifested in metabolic disorder associated with obesity and ***,it remains to be determined the cell-autonomous impact of BCAA catabolic defect in cardiomyocytes in intact hearts independent from its potential global *** this study,we developed two mouse *** is cardiomyocyte and temporal-specific inactivation of the E1a subunit(BCKDHA-cKO)of the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase(BCKDH)complex,which blocks BCAA *** model is cardiomyocyte specific inactivation of the BCKDH kinase(BCKDK-cKO),which promotes BCAA catabolism by constitutively activating BCKDH activity in adult *** and molecular characterizations showed E1α inactivation in cardiomyocytes was sufficient to induce loss of cardiac function,systolic chamber dilation and pathological transcriptome *** the other hand,inactivation of BCKDK in intact heart does not have an impact on baseline cardiac function or cardiac dysfunction under pressure *** results for the first time established the cardiomyocyte cell autonomous role of BCAA catabolism in cardiac *** mouse lines will serve as valuable model systems to investigate the underlying mechanisms of BCAA catabolic defect induced heart failure and to provide potential insights for BCAA targeted therapy.

关键词： branched-chain amino acid metabolism heart failure

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Prospective Multisite Cohort Study to Evaluate Shared Decision-Making Utilization Among Individuals Screened for Lung Cancer

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Journal of the American College of Radiology 2022年第8期19卷 945-953页

作者： Tailor, Tina D. Rivera, M. Patricia Durham, Danielle D. Perera, Pasangi Lane, Lindsay Henderson, Louise M. Fellowship Director Cardiothoracic Radiology and Research Director Duke Lung Cancer Screening Program Department of Radiology Duke University Durham North Carolina Department of Medicine University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC United States Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC United States Director Multidisciplinary Lung Cancer Screening Program and Co-Director North Carolina Lung Screening Registry University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC United States Department of Radiology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC United States Program Co-Lead Cancer Epidemiology Program Co-Director North Carolina Lung Screening Registry and Director Radiologic Sciences Faculty Development Radiology Department University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center Chapel Hill NC United States

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, components of, and factors associated with shared decision-making (SDM) discussions according to electronic health record (EHR) documentation among individuals undergoing lung cancer screening (LCS). Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted of individuals undergoing LCS between February 2015 and June 2020 at four LCS centers. The primary outcome was EHR-documented SDM, defined using Medicare-designated components. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine predictors of EHR-documented SDM. A secondary outcome was agreement of individual's self-report of SDM and EHR-documented SDM, evaluated using Cohen's κ statistic. Results: Among screened individuals, 41.9% (243 of 580) had EHR-documented SDM, and 71.1% (295 of 415) had self-reported SDM. Decision aids were used in 55.6% of EHR-documented SDM encounters (135 of 243), and 21.8% of documented SDM encounters (53 of 243) included all Medicare-designated components. SDM was documented more frequently in individuals with body mass index ≥ 25 versus <25 kg/m² (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.63;95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.52) and in currently versus formerly smoking individuals (aOR, 1.53;95% CI, 1.02-2.32). Nonpulmonary referring clinicians were less likely to document SDM than pulmonary clinicians (internal medicine: aOR, 0.32;95% CI, 0.18-0.53;family medicine: aOR, 0.08;95% CI, 0.04-0.14;other specialties: aOR, 0.08;95% CI, 0.03-0.21). In a subset of 415 individuals, there was little agreement between individual self-report of SDM and EHR-documented SDM (κ = 0.184), with variation in agreement on the basis of referring clinician specialty. Conclusions: Although EHR-documented SDM occurred in fewer than half of individuals undergoing LCS, self-reported SDM rates were higher, suggesting that SDM may be underdocumented in the EHR. In addition, EHR-documented SDM was more likely in individuals with hig

关键词： early detection of cancer lung neoplasms mass screening Shared decision-making

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Taxifolin stability: In silico prediction and in vitro degradation with HPLC-UV/UPLCe ESI-MS monitoring

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第2期11卷 232-240页

作者： Fernanda Cristina Stenger Moura Carmem Lúciados Santos Machado Favero Reisdorfer Paula Angelica Garcia Couto Maurizio Ricci Valdir Cechinel-Filho Tiago J.Bonomini Louis P.Sandjo Tania Mari Belle Bresolin Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program School of Health SciencesCourse of PharmacyUniversidade do Vale do ItajaíItajaíSC88302-202Brazil Laboratory of Research and Development of Drugs Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate ProgramSchool of Health SciencesCourse of PharmacyUniversidade Federal do PampaUruguaianaRS97500-970Brazil Department of Pharmaceutical Science Universita degli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaPG06123Italy Chemistry Department Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaTrindadeFlorian opolisSC88040-900Brazil

Taxifolin has a plethora of therapeutic activities and is currently isolated from the stem bark of the tree Larix gmelinni(Dahurian larch). It is a flavonoid of high commercial interest for its use in supplements or in antioxidant-rich functional foods. However, its poor stability and low bioavailability hinder the use of flavonoid in nutritional or pharmaceutical formulations. In this work, taxifolin isolated from the seeds of Mimusops balata, was evaluated by in silico stability prediction studies and in vitro forced degradation studies(acid and alkaline hydrolysis, oxidation, visible/UV radiation, dry/humid heating) monitored by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection(HPLC-UV) and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI-MS). The in silico stability prediction studies indicated the most susceptible regions in the molecule to nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks, as well as the sites susceptible to oxidation. The in vitro forced degradation tests were in agreement with the in silico stability prediction, indicating that taxifolin is extremely unstable(class 1) under alkaline hydrolysis. In addition, taxifolin thermal degradation was increased by *** the other hand, with respect to photosensitivity, taxifolin can be classified as class 4(stable).Moreover, the alkaline degradation products were characterized by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS as dimers of taxifolin. These results enabled an understanding of the intrinsic lability of taxifolin, contributing to the development of stability-indicating methods, and of appropriate drug release systems, with the aims of preserving its stability and improving its bioavailability.

关键词： Dihydroquercetin In silico stability prediction Forced degradation

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Performance Monitoring and Cognitive Inhibition during a Speech-in-Noise Task in Older Listeners

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Seminars in Hearing 2023年第2期44卷 124-139页

作者： Ryan, David B. Eckert, Mark A. Sellers, Eric W. Schairer, Kim S. McBee, Matthew T. Ridley, Elizabeth A. Smith, Sherri L. Hearing and Balance Research Program James H. Quillen VA Medical Center Mountain Home TN United States Department of Psychology East Tennessee State University Johnson City TN United States Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC United States Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Hearing Research Program Medical University of South Carolina Charleston NC United States Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology East Tennessee State University Johnson City TN United States Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development Duke University Durham NC United States Department of Population Health Sciences Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC United States Audiology and Speech Pathology Service Durham Veterans Affairs Healthcare System Durham NC United States

The goal of this study was to examine the effect of hearing loss on theta and alpha electroencephalography (EEG) frequency power measures of performance monitoring and cognitive inhibition, respectively, during a speech-in-noise task. It was hypothesized that hearing loss would be associated with an increase in the peak power of theta and alpha frequencies toward easier conditions compared to normal hearing adults. The shift would reflect how hearing loss modulates the recruitment of listening effort to easier listening conditions. Nine older adults with normal hearing (ONH) and 10 older adults with hearing loss (OHL) participated in this study. EEG data were collected from all participants while they completed the words-in-noise task. It hypothesized that hearing loss would also have an effect on theta and alpha power. The ONH group showed an inverted U -shape effect of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but there were limited effects of SNR on theta or alpha power in the OHL group. The results of the ONH group support the growing body of literature showing effects of listening conditions on alpha and theta power. The null results of listening condition in the OHL group add to a smaller body of literature, suggesting that listening effort research conditions should have near ceiling performance. © 2023 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： alpha power EEG effortful listening theta power word recognition

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Microplastics in wastewater and sludge from centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment plants: Effects of treatment systems and microplastic characteristics

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Chemosphere 2024年 361卷 142536页

作者： Maw, Me Me Boontanon, Narin Aung, Humm Kham Zan Zan Jindal, Ranjna Fujii, Shigeo Visvanathan, Chettiyappan Boontanon, Suwanna Kitpati Graduate Program in Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom73710 Thailand Research Center and Technology Development for Environmental Innovation Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom73710 Thailand Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto University Kyoto606-8501 Japan

Domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play a vital role in limiting the release of microplastics (MP) into the environment. This study examined MP removal efficiency from five centralized and four decentralized domestic WWTPs in Bangkok, Thailand. MP concentrations in wastewater and sludge were comparable between centralized and decentralized WWTPs, despite these decentralized WWTPs serving smaller populations and having limited treatment capacity. The elimination of MPs ranged from 50 to 96.8% in centralized WWTPs and 14.2–53.6% in decentralized WWTPs. It is noted that the retained MPs concentrations in sludge ranged from 20,000 to 228,100 MP/kg dry weight. The prevalence of synthetic fibers and fragments could be attributed to their pathways from laundry or car tires, and the accidental release of a variety of plastic wastes ended up in investigated domestic WWTPs. Removal of MPs between the centralized and decentralized WWTPs was influenced by several impact factors including initial MP concentrations, longer retention times, MP fragmentation, and variations of MP concentrations in sludge leading to different activated sludge process configurations. Sewage sludge has become a primary location for the accumulation of incoming microplastics in WWTPs. The MPs entering and leaving each unit process were varied due to the unique characteristics of MPs, and their different treatment efficiencies. While the extended hydraulic retention period in decentralized WWTPs decreased the MP removal efficacy, the centralized WWTP with the two-stage activated sludge process achieved the highest MP removal efficiency. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Microplastic

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Resilience of Chemistry: An Introduction to the Agricultural and Food Chemistry Technical program at the 262nd American Chemical Society National Hybrid Meeting & Exposition, Both Online and in Atlanta, Georgia

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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022年第34期70卷 10385-10388页

作者： Appell, Michael Cantrell, Charles Cho, Jungeun Choi, Hak-Jong Chun, Hyang-Sook Doherty, Laurel A. Granvogl, Michael Karl, James Philip Kim, Youngmok Kobori, Masuko Lee, Kwang-Geun Liu, LinShu Lu, Xiaonan Mahalak, Karley K. Morello, Michael Nabetani, Hiroshi Ngo, Helen Park, Bosoon Sarker, Majher Soares, Jason Tunick, Michael Yadav, Madhav Yokoyama, Wally Zhang, Guodong Zheljazkov, Valtcho Myotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture 1815 North University Street Peoria Illinois 61604 United States Natural Products Utilization Research Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Thad Cochran Research Center University Mississippi 38677 United States Strategy and Planning Division World Institute of Kimchi 86 Kimchiro Namgu Gwangju 61755 Republic of Korea Microbiology and Functionality Research Group World Institute of Kimchi 86 Kimchiro Namgu Gwangju 61755 Republic of Korea Department of Food Science and Technology Chung-Ang University Anseong 456-756 South Korea Natick Soldier Research Development & Engineering Center United States Army Research Development and Engineering Command RDNS-WSC-B Kansas Street Natick Massachusetts 01760 United States Department of Chemistry Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany Military Nutrition Division United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine 10 General Greene Avenue Building 42 Natick Massachusetts 01760 United States Group Quality and Analytical Science Finlays 81 Ocean State Drive North Kingstown Rhode Island 02852 United States Institute of Food Research National Agriculture and Food Research Organization 2-1-12 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8642 Japan Department of Food Science and Technology Dongguk University 3-26 Pil-dong Chung-gu Seoul 100-715 Republic of Korea Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit Eastern Regional Research Center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture 600 East Mermaid Lane Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038 United States Food Nutrition and Health Program Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British Columbia Food Nutrition & Health 212 2205 East Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z4 Canada Volatile Flavor Analy

This is the third special issue of the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (JAFC) based on the Agricultural and Food Chemistry Division (AGFD) technical program, at the 262nd American Chemical Society National Meeting. This was the first national meeting held in a hybrid format, both virtually and in-person in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A., on August 22-26, 2021. The AGFD proudly hosted 12 symposia, including three award symposia. There were 34 sessions held in total, with 143 oral presentations and 49 poster presentations. This meeting was highly successful in terms of attendance, and technology issues experienced at the previous virtual meetings were successfully resolved.

关键词： Bacteria Biomass Crops Food Plant derived food

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