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arXiv 2023年

作者： Capraro, Valerio Lentsch, Austin Acemoglu, Daron Akgun, Selin Akhmedova, Aisel Bilancini, Ennio Bonnefon, Jean-François Brañas-Garza, Pablo Butera, Luigi Douglas, Karen M. Everett, Jim A.C. Gigerenzer, Gerd Greenhow, Christine Hashimoto, Daniel A. Holt-Lunstad, Julianne Jetten, Jolanda Johnson, Simon Kunz, Werner H. Longoni, Chiara Lunn, Pete Natale, Simone Paluch, Stefanie Rahwan, Iyad Selwyn, Neil Singh, Vivek Suri, Siddharth Sutcliffe, Jennifer Tomlinson, Joe van der Linden, Sander Van Lange, Paul A.M. Wall, Friederike Van Bavel, Jay J. Viale, Riccardo Department of Psychology University of Milan-Bicocca Italy Department of Economics MIT United States Institute Professor and Department of Economics MIT United States College of Education Michigan State University United States IMT School of Advanced Studies Lucca Italy Toulouse School of Economics France Department of Economics Loyola Andalucia University Spain Department of Economics Copenhagen Business School Denmark School of Psychology University of Kent United Kingdom Max Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin Germany Penn Computer Assisted Surgery and Outcomes Laboratory Department of Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania United States Department of Computer and Information Science School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Pennsylvania United States Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Brigham Young University United States School of Psychology University of Queensland Australia MIT Sloan School of Management United States Department of Marketing University of Massachusetts Boston United States Department of Marketing Bocconi University Italy Economic & Social Research Institute Dublin Ireland Department of Humanities University of Turin Italy Department of Service and Technology Marketing Aarhus University Denmark Center for Humans and Machines Max Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin Germany Faculty of Education Monash University Australia Microsoft Research United States York Law School United Kingdom Department of Psychology University of Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Management Control and Strategic Management University of Klagenfurt Austria Department of Psychology Center for Neural Science New York University United States Norwegian School of Economics Bergen Norway Department of Economics University of Milan-Bicocca Italy

Generative artificial intelligence has the potential to both exacerbate and ameliorate existing socioeconomic inequalities. In this article, we provide a state-of-the-art interdisciplinary overview of the potential impacts of generative AI on (mis)information and three information-intensive domains: work, education, and healthcare. Our goal is to highlight how generative AI could worsen existing inequalities while illuminating how AI may help mitigate pervasive social problems. In the information domain, generative AI can democratize content creation and access, but may dramatically expand the production and proliferation of misinformation. In the workplace, it can boost productivity and create new jobs, but the benefits will likely be distributed unevenly. In education, it offers personalized learning, but may widen the digital divide. In healthcare, it might improve diagnostics and accessibility, but could deepen pre-existing inequalities. In each section we cover a specific topic, evaluate existing research, identify critical gaps, and recommend research directions, including explicit trade-offs that complicate the derivation of a priori hypotheses. We conclude with a section highlighting the role of policymaking to maximize generative AI’s potential to reduce inequalities while mitigating its harmful effects. We discuss strengths and weaknesses of existing policy frameworks in the European Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom, observing that each fails to fully confront the socioeconomic challenges we have identified. We propose several concrete policies that could promote shared prosperity through the advancement of generative AI. This article emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary collaborations to understand and address the complex challenges of generative AI. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Mitigating Machining Damage: advanced Modelling of Pumice Loading Effects in Kevlar Fibre-Pumice Sandwich Polymer Composites at the AWJM zone

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Journal of Materials research and technology 2025年

作者： Venkatesh Chenrayan A. Saravanakumar Kiran Shahapurkar Vaishnavi. S Selvam. S Chandru Manivannan Vineet Tirth Ali Algahtani Jana Petrů Muhammad Nasir Bashir Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar Krishna Prakash Arunachalam Vidya HM AU-Sophisticated Testing and Instrumentation Centre (AU-STIC) Centre of Excellence-Advanced Materials Synthesis (CoE-AMS) Department of Mechanical Engineering Alliance School of Applied Engineering Alliance University Bengaluru-562106 Centre of Excellence-Advanced Materials Synthesis (CoE-AMS) Alliance School of Applied Engineering Alliance University Bengaluru-562106 Department of Computer Science Engineering PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research Coimbatore- India Department of Mechanical Engineering Coimbatore Institute of Technology Coimbatore Department of Mechanical Engineering Dhirajlal Gandhi College of Technology Salem – 63840: India Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering King Khalid University Abha 61421 Asir Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Centre for Engineering and Technology Innovations King Khalid University Abha 61421 Asir Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Guraiger PO Box 9004 Abha-61413 Asir Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology Faculty of Mechanical Engi-neering VŠB Technical University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic Centre of Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Rajpura 140417 Punjab India Division of Research and Development Lovely Professional University Phagwara 144411 Punjab India Departmento de Ciencias de la Construccion Facultad de Ciencias de la Construccion Ordenamiento Territorial Universidad Technologica Metropolitana Santiago Chile Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD) Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Chennai 600 077 India

The development of varieties of fibre-reinforced polymer composite (FRP) has become a part of day-to-day life and is the core agenda of the manufacturing industries in new product development. Despite the wider applications, the machining of FRPs is encountering a greater challenge in overcoming the machining damage. It is the right proposal to deplete the prominent machining damages like kerf taper, delamination and surface roughness by introducing novel hybrid statistical and soft computing models. The novel Kevlar fiber woven mat-pumice particles reinforced sandwich is fabricated using open moulding and machined with Abrasive Water Jet Machining by following L9 orthogonal guidelines. The three different pumice compositions, standoff distance, abrasive flow rate and hydraulic pressure were considered the prime variables to influence the damages. The hybrid analysis results declare that trial No.3 is an optimal parameter, which comprises 100 (MPa) of hydraulic pressure, 2 mm of standoff distance, 300 (gm/min) of abrasive flow rate and 10% of pumice particles to scale down the damages. A noticeable 1.69%, 25.12% and 40.71% decrement in machining damages, along with the finding of a higher contribution of pumice content in minimising the damages, would benefit the FRP industries to march towards the implementation of lean manufacturing and new product development (NPD).

关键词： Kevlar fibre Pumice delamination kerf taper Surface roughness Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) Machine Learning (ML)

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Gas conditions of a star-formation selected sample in the first billion years

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Bakx, Tom J.L.C. Algera, Hiddo S.B. Venemans, Bram Sommovigo, Laura Fujimoto, Seiji Carniani, Stefano Hagimoto, Masato Hashimoto, Takuya Inoue, Akio K. Salak, Dragan Serjeant, Stephen Vallini, Livia Eales, Stephen Ferrara, Andrea Fudamoto, Yoshinobu Imamura, Chihiro Inoue, Shigeki Knudsen, Kirsten K. Matsuo, Hiroshi Sugahara, Yuma Tamura, Yoichi Taniguchi, Akio Yamanaka, Satoshi Department of Space Earth & Environment Chalmers University of Technology Chalmersplatsen 4 Gothenburg412 96 Sweden Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo Japan Leiden Observatory Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 2 CA LeidenNL-2333 Netherlands Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 PisaI-56126 Italy Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Aichi Nagoya464-8602 Japan Division of Physics Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8571 Japan Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8571 Japan Department of Physics School of Advanced Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education Hokkaido University Kita 17 Nishi 8 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo060-0817 Japan Department of Cosmosciences Graduate School of Science Hokkaido University Kita 10 Nishi 8 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo060-0810 Japan School of Physical Sciences The Open University Milton KeynesMK7 6AA United Kingdom INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio via Gobetti 93/3 BolognaI-40129 Italy School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Center for Frontier Science Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba263-8522 Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan General Education Department Nati

We present Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA) observations of the [O iii] 88 μm emission of a sample of thirteen galaxies at z = 6 to 7.6 selected as [C ii]-emitting companion sources of quasars. To disentangle the origins of the luminous Oxygen line in the z > 6 Universe, we looked at emission-line galaxies that are selected through an excellent star-formation tracer [C ii] with star-formation rates between 9 and 162 M☉/yr. Direct observations reveal [O iii] emission in just a single galaxy (L[O iii]/L[C ii] = 2.3), and a stacked image shows no [O iii] detection, providing deep upper limits on the L[O iii]/L[C ii] ratios in the z > 6 Universe (L[O iii]/L[C ii] [O iii]/L[C ii] reported in the first billion years of the Universe is likely due to the selection towards bright, blue Lyman-break galaxies with high surface star-formation rates or young stellar populations. The deep upper limit on the rest-frame 90 μm continuum emission (dust 30 K) and high dust mass (Mdust ∼ 108 M☉). As more normal galaxies are explored in the early Universe, synergy between JWST and ALMA is fundamental to further investigate the ISM properties of the a broad range of samples of high-z galaxies. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels (vol 400, pg 1619, 2022)

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LANCET 2022年第10365期400卷 1766-1766页

作者： Romanello, M. Di Napoli, C. Drummond, P. Institute for Global Health University College London London UK School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Sustainable Resources University College London London UK Department of Global Health Centre for Health and the Global Environment University of Washington Seattle WA USA UCL Energy Institute University College London London UK Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College London London UK School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK School of Population Health University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Berlin Germany Department of Environment Climate Change and Health World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit Department of Public Health & Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK School of Government University of Birmingham Birmingham UK Economic Analysis of Climate Impacts and Policy Division Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Venice Italy Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering University College London London UK Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich London UK Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Yale Center on Climate Change and Health Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA USA Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Department of Geography University College London London UK NU

With advancements in the science of detection and attribution studies, the influence of climate change over many events has now been quantified. Because of the rapidly increasing temperatures, vulnerable populations (adults older than 65 years, and children younger than one year of age) were exposed to 3·7 billion more heatwave days in 2021 than annually in 1986–2005 (indicator 1.1.2), and heat-related deaths increased by 68% between 2000–04 and 2017–21 (indicator 1.1.5), a death toll that was significantly exacerbated by the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the local cooling and overall health benefits of urban greenspaces, only 277 (27%) of 1038 global urban centres were at least moderately green in 2021 (indicator 2.2.3), and the number of households with air conditioning increased by 66% from 2000 to 2020, a maladaptive response that worsens the energy crisis and further increases urban heat, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. [...]millions of people do not have access to the energy needed to keep their homes at healthy temperatures, preserve food and medication, and meet the seventh Sustainable development Goal (to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all). Aggravating this situation even further, governments continue to incentivise fossil fuel production and consumption: 69 (80%) of 86 countries reviewed had net-negative carbon prices (ie, provided a net subsidy to fossil fuels) for a net total of US$400 billion

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Bismuth-doped fiber pulse source with versatile states

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Chinese Optics Letters 2025年第7期23卷 071401-071401页

作者： Xiaoxiao Wen Minjie Pan Mengting Guo Tian Qiao Chiyi Wei Meng Zhou Chunlei Yu Xiaoming Wei Zhongmin Yang Kenneth K. Y. Wong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China School of Physics and Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong 999077 China

We demonstrate a versatile bismuth-doped fiber pulse source that is seeded by a mode-locked fiber laser operating in different regimes with different net dispersions in the same cavity, including the square-wave noise-like pulse regime with anomalous net dispersion at 1331 nm and the multi-pulse soliton regime with normal net dispersion at 1320 nm. The versatile pulse evolutions and the multi-pulse dynamics in these two regimes are investigated under different pump powers or polarization states. The seed pulses are then amplified by a bismuth-doped fiber amplifier, which boosts the pulse energy to 21 nJ with a slope efficiency of 21.3% without power saturation and is anticipated to be useful for practical applications.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings High power lasers Mode-locked fiber lasers Optical coherence tomography Raman fiber lasers Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors

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Corrigendum to "Synergetic effect of bismuth vanadate over copolymerized carbon nitride composites for highly efficient photocatalytic H2 and O2 generation" [J. Colloid Interface Sci. 627 (2022) 621-629]

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Journal of colloid and interface science 2022年第PT A期628卷 366-367页

作者： Asif Hayat Muhammad Sohail T A Taha Sunil Kumar Baburao Mane Abdullah G Al-Sehemi Ahmed A Al-Ghamdi W I Nawawi Arkom Palamanit Mohammed A Amin Ahmed M Fallatah Zeeshan Ajmal Hamid Ali Wasim Ullah Khan Muhammad Wajid Shah Javid Khan S Wageh State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China. Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Huzhou 313001 China. Physics Department College of Science Jouf University P.O. Box: 2014 Sakaka Saudi Arabia Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf 32952 Egypt. Department of Chemistry Khaja Bandanawaz University Kalaburagi Karnataka 585104 India. Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia. Department of Physics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia. Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Perlis Arau Perlis 02600 Malaysia. Energy Technology Program Department of Specialized Engineering Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University 15 Karnjanavanich Rd. Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand. Department of Chemistry College of Science Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xian 710072 China. Multiscale Computational Materials Facility Key Laboratory of Eco-Materials Advanced Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350100 China. State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China. Electronic address: wasimullah89@***. School Of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China. Electronic address: m.wajidshah@***. College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 China. Electronic address: javidchemist@yahoo.com.

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Review on fate, transport, toxicity and health risk of nanoparticles in natural ecosystems: Emerging challenges in the modern age and solutions toward a sustainable environment

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The science of the total environment 2024年 912卷 169331页

作者： Thien-Khanh Tran Minh-Ky Nguyen Chitsan Lin Tuan-Dung Hoang Thanh-Cong Nguyen Aasif Mohmad Lone Akhil Pradiprao Khedulkar Mohamed S Gaballah Jagpreet Singh W Jin Chung D Duc Nguyen Advanced Applied Sciences Research Group Dong Nai Technology University Bien Hoa City 76100 Viet Nam Faculty of Technology Dong Nai Technology University Bien Hoa City 76100 Viet Nam. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University Hamlet 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan. Electronic address: nmky@hcmuaf.edu.vn. Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan. School of Chemistry and Life Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology No. 1 Dai Co Viet Hai Ba Trung Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam Vietnam National University Hanoi VNU Town Hoa Lac Thach That District Hanoi 155500 Viet Nam. Department of Civil Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal 576104 Karnataka India. Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan. CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China School of Engineering and Technology Central Michigan University Mt. Pleasant MI 48859 USA. Department of Chemistry University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh University Gharuan Mohali 140413 India. Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering Kyonggi University Suwon 16227 South Korea. Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering Kyonggi University Suwon 16227 South Korea Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development Nguyen Tat Thanh University Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam. Electronic address: nguyensyduc@gmail.com.

In today's era, nanoparticles (NPs) have become an integral part of human life, finding extensive applications in various fields of science, pharmacy, medicine, industry, electronics, and communication. The increasing popularity of NP usage worldwide is a testament to their tremendous potential. However, the widespread deployment of NPs unavoidably leads to their release into the environmental matrices, resulting in persistence in ecosystems and bioaccumulation in organisms. Understanding the environmental behavior of NPs poses a significant challenge due to their nanoscale size. Given the current environmental releases of NPs, known negative consequences, and the limited knowledge available for risk management, comprehending the toxicity of NPs in ecosystems is both awaiting and crucial. The present review aims to unravel the potential environmental influences of nano-scaled materials, and provides in-depth inferences of the current knowledge and understanding in this field. The review comprehensively summarizes the sources, fate, transport, toxicity, health risks, and remediation solutions associated with NP pollution in aquatic and soil ecosystems. Furthermore, it addresses the knowledge gaps and outlines further investigation priorities for the sustainable control of NP pollution in these environments. By gaining a holistic understanding of these aspects, we can work toward ensuring the responsible and sustainable use of NPs in today's fast-growing world.

关键词： Bioavailability Fate and transport Nanosized particles Nanotoxicology Silver nanoparticles Toxicity

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Optimizing radiation shielding properties in borate glasses using gold nanoparticle dispersion

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Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2025年 236卷

作者： Kaur, Jatinder Kanjariya, Prakash Reddy, M.Sudhakara Singla, Shivani Mahapatro, Abinash Shit, Debasish Gupta, Deepak Kulshrestha, Shobha Rameshkumar, C. Sangwan, Gargi Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Advanced Centre of Research & Innovation Chandigarh Engineering College Chandigarh Group of Colleges Jhanjeri Punjab Mohali140307 India Marwadi University Research Center Department of Physics Faculty of Science Marwadi University Gujarat Rajkot360003 India Karnataka Bangalore560027 India Department of Physics University Institute of Sciences Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Odisha Bhubaneswar751030 India Centre for Research Impact & Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura140401 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Graphic Era Hill University Uttarakhand Dehradun248002 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be University Uttarakhand Dehradun248002 India Department of Applied Sciences-Physics NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology NIMS University Rajasthan Jaipur303121 India Department of Physics Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai600119 India Chitkara Centre for Research and Development Chitkara University Himachal Pradesh Baddi174103 India

This study investigates the impact of gold nanoparticle dispersion on the structural, thermal, and radiation shielding properties of bismuth borate glasses, aiming to develop materials suitable for nuclear and radiological protection applications. Glasses with compositions of 20Bi2O3–80B2O3 were prepared using the conventional melt-quenching technique, incorporating varying concentrations (0 to 1.59 × 10−7 mol%) of as-prepared gold nanoparticles. Characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirmed the amorphous nature of all samples, while high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) identified well-dispersed gold nanoparticles within the borate matrix. In samples with lower gold concentrations, the nanoparticles exhibited an average size of 3.24 nm, significantly smaller than their original 40 nm size of precursor nanoparticles, suggesting fragmentation and reclustering during processing. Whereas, at higher doping levels, nanoparticle size grows to 68.32 nm, indicating concentration-dependent clustering. The decrease in density values from 4.516 g/cm3 to 4.465 g/cm3 revealed the participation of gold nanoparticles in structural modifications. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) demonstrated an increase in thermal stability, with the stability factor (ΔT) rising from 136 °C to 152 °C as gold concentration increased from 0 to 1.59 × 10−7 mol%. UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy showed enhanced optical absorbance with gold doping, while Tauc plot analysis revealed a decrease in optical band gap from 3.04 eV (undoped) to 2.56 eV (highest doping), attributed to increased structural disorder. Radiation shielding effectiveness was assessed through Phy-X/PSD software, evaluating Linear Attenuation Coefficient (LAC), Mass Attenuation Coefficient (MAC), Half-Value Layer (HVL), Tenth-Value Layer (TVL), and Mean Free Path (MFP) over photon energies ranging from 0.015 to 15 MeV. Additionally, the LAC was experimentally determined at 0.662 MeV using a Cs-1

关键词： Reactor shielding

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Enhanced microwave absorption through structural and magnetic optimization in Sm-doped BiFeO 3 composites

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： P.T. Tho L.X. Hung N. Tran T.Q. Dat V.D. Binh N.T.K. Yen T.A. Ho T.A. Luu N.Q. Hung N.Q. Tuan C.T.A. Xuan Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Science and Technology Advanced Institute Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Applied Technology School of Technology Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Viet Nam Faculty of Natural Sciences Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Viet Nam Department of Physics Le Quy Don Technical University Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam Department of Mechanical Engineering Viet Tri University of Industry Viet Tri 35100 Vietnam Faculty of Engineering Physics and Nanotechnology VNU University of Engineering and Technology Vietnam National University 144 Xuan Thuy Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam Center for Nuclear Technologies Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam Insitute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Duy Tan University Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam The University of Danang - University of Science and Education Da Nang 550000 Viet Nam Institute of Science and Technology TNU-University of Sciences Thai Nguyen Vietnam

Electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution has recently emerged as one of the dangerous issues for human beings, leading to many attempts to fabricate high-efficiency EMW absorption materials. In this work, Sm-doped BiFeO 3 (Bi 1– x Sm x FeO 3 ) with high doping concentration has been fabricated, and its microwave absorption properties in relation to structural and magnetic properties have been studied. Bi 1– x Sm x FeO 3 (BSF) samples transformed from the R3c phase to Pbam and Pnma phases, whereas the x = 0.10 sample exhibited only a single R3c phase. Magnetic hysteresis loops of BSF samples changed from a slim loop to a robust one as the modulated spiral spin structure was partially disrupted and dismantled in the rhombohedral and orthorhombic phases, respectively. The synergistic effects of structural transformation and variation of magnetic properties of BSF samples led to their outstanding microwave absorption capabilities, with all samples absorbing over 99.9% of microwave energy. Impressively, the x = 0.16 sample could achieve a reflection loss (RL) value as high as –50.81 dB with a thin thickness of 1.9 mm. In addition, the samples with x = 0.10 and x = 0.20 exhibited substantial effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) values of 5.80 and 5.48 GHz, respectively, at a thickness of approximately 2.7 mm. These impressive RL and EAB values proved that BSF samples could be applied for practical applications in microwave absorption and shielding fields.

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Deep-learning-based quality filtering of mechanically exfoliated 2D crystals

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npj computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 57-62页

作者： Yu Saito Kento Shin Kei Terayama Shaan Desai Masaru Onga Yuji Nakagawa Yuki M.Itahashi Yoshihiro Iwasa Makoto Yamada Koji Tsuda RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project(AIP) Tokyo 103-0027Japan Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences Graduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of TokyoKashiwa 277-8561Japan Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Quantum-Phase Electronics Center(QPEC)and Department of Applied Physics The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science(CEMS) Wako 351-0198Japan Department of Intelligence Science and Technology Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST)4-1-8HonchoKawaguchi-shiSaitama 332-0012Japan National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS) Center for Materials Research by Information IntegrationTsukuba 305-0047Japan California NanoSystems Institute University of California at Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

Two-dimensional(2D)crystals are attracting growing interest in various research fields such as engineering,physics,chemistry,pharmacy,and biology owing to their low dimensionality and dramatic change of properties compared to the bulk counter *** the various techniques used to manufacture 2D crystals,mechanical exfoliation has been essential to practical applications and fundamental ***,mechanically exfoliated crystals on substrates contain relatively thick flakes that must be found and removed manually,limiting high-throughput manufacturing of atomic 2D crystals and van der Waals ***,we present a deep-learning-based method to segment and identify the thickness of atomic layer flakes from optical microscopy *** carefully designing a neural network based on U-Net,we found that our neural network based on Unet trained only with the data based on realistically small number of images successfully distinguish monolayer and bilayer MoS2 and graphene with a success rate of 70–80%,which is a practical value in the first screening process for choosing monolayer and bilayer flakes of all flakes on substrates without human *** remarkable results highlight the possibility that a large fraction of manual laboratory work can be replaced by AI-based systems,boosting productivity.

关键词： crystals filtering attracting

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