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Out-of-plane cations homogenise perovskite composition for solar cells

Nature 2023年 557-563页

作者： Zheng Liang Huifen Xu Boyuan Liu Hui Zhang Zihan Wang Huijie Hu Xingyou Tian Jiajiu Ye Xu Pan Wenjing Chen Hongmin Zhou Zhengguo Xiao Yong Zhang Jiyao Zhang Baomin Xu Dong-Ho Kang Nam-Gyu Park Jianrong Zeng Xingyu Gao Qisheng Wang Xiangbin Cai Peter Reiss Thomas Kirchartz Songyuan Dai Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Material Institute of Solid-State Physics (ISSP) Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HIPS) Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) Hefei P. R. China IEK5-Photovoltaics Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) Hefei P. R. China Instruments Center for Physical Science (PIC) University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) Hefei P. R. China Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Shenzhen P. R. China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Shenzhen P. R. China School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Antibonding Regulated Crystals Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon Republic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science & Technology (SIEST) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Republic of Korea Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI) and Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai P. R. China Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China University Grenoble-Alpes CEA CNRS INP IRIG/SyMMES STEP Grenoble France Faculty of Engineering and CENIDE University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University (NCEPU) Beijing P. R. China

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) composing the formula of FA1-xCsxPbI3provide an attractive ption for integrating high efficiency, durable stability and compatibility with upscale fabrication. Despite the Cs cation incorporation potentially enabling a perfect perovskite lattice1,2, the compositional inhomogeneity caused by A-site cation segregation is likely detrimental to the photovoltaic performance of solar cells3,4. Here, we visualized the out of-plane compositional inhomogeneity along the vertical direction across the perovskite films and identified the underlying reasons and the potential impacts for devices. We devised a strategy using 1-(Phenylsulfonyl)pyrrole (PSP) to homogenize the cations components in the perovskite films. The resultant p-i-n devices yielded a certified steady state PCE of 25.2% and durable stability.

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Study of background from accidental coincidence signals in the PandaX-II experiment

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Abdukerim, Abdusalam Chen, Wei Chen, Xun Chen, Yunhua Cheng, Chen Cui, Xiangyi Fan, Yingjie Fang, Deqing Fu, Changbo Fu, Mengting Geng, Lisheng Giboni, Karl Gu, Linhui Guo, Xuyuan Han, Ke He, Changda Huang, Di Huang, Yan Huang, Yanlin Huang, Zhou Ji, Xiangdong Ju, Yonglin Li, Shuaijie Liu, Huaxuan Liu, Jianglai Ma, Wenbo Ma, Yugang Mao, Yajun Meng, Yue Ni, Kaixiang Ning, Jinhua Ning, Xuyang Ren, Xiangxiang Shang, Changsong Si, Lin Shen, Guofang Tan, Andi Wang, Anqing Wang, Hongwei Wang, Meng Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Siguang Wang, Wei Wang, Xiuli Wang, Zhou Wu, Mengmeng Wu, Shiyong Wu, Weihao Xia, Jingkai Xiao, Mengjiao Xie, Pengwei Yan, Binbin Yang, Jijun Yang, Yong Yu, Chunxu Yuan, Jumin Yuan, Ying Zeng, Xinning Zhang, Dan Zhang, Tao Zhao, Li Zheng, Qibin Zhou, Jifang Zhou, Ning Zhou, Xiaopeng School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Moe Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute Chengdu610213 China Yalong River Hydropower Development Company Ltd. 288 Shuanglin Road Chengdu610051 China School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou510275 China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai200240 China School of Physics Nankai University Tianjin300071 China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai200433 China School of Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Physics Beihang University Beijing102206 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics Beihang University Beijing102206 China School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University Henan Zhengzhou450001 China School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Shandong University Jinan250100 China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201210 China Center for High Energy Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China

The PandaX-II experiment employed a 580kg liquid xenon detector to search for the interactions between dark matter particles and the target xenon atoms. The accidental coincidences of isolated signals result in a dangerous background which mimic the signature of the dark matter. We performed a detailed study on the accidental coincidence background in PandaX-II, including the possible origin of the isolated signals, the background level and corresponding background suppression method. With a boosted-decision-tree algorithm, the accidental coincidence background is reduced by 70% in the dark matter signal region, thus the sensitivity of dark matter search at PandaX-II is improved. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Synergy of Binary Substitutions for Improving the Cycle Performance in LiNiO2 Revealed by Ab Initio Materials Informatics

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Yoshida, Tomohiro Maezono, Ryo Hongo, Kenta Department of Computer-Aided Engineering and Development Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. Ltd. 3-5 Sobiraki-cho NiihamaEhime792-0001 Japan School of Information Science JAIST Asahidai 1-1 IshikawaNomi923-1292 Japan Computational Engineering Applications Unit RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa SaitamaWako351-0198 Japan Research Center for Advanced Computing Infrastructure JAIST Asahidai 1-1 NomiIshikawa923-1292 Japan Center for Materials Research by Information Integration Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System National Institute for Materials Science 1-2-1 Sengen TsukubaIbaraki305-0047 Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency 4-1-8 Honcho SaitamaKawaguchi-shi322-0012 Japan

We explore LiNiO2-based cathode materials with two-element substitutions by an ab initio simulation based materials informatics (AIMI) approach. According to our previous study, a higher cycle performance strongly correlates with less structural change during charge–discharge cycles;the latter can be used for evaluating the former. However, if we target the full substitution space, full simulations are infeasible even for all binary combinations. To circumvent such an exhaustive search, we rely on Bayesian optimization. Actually, by searching only 4% of all the combinations, our AIMI approach discovered two promising combinations, Cr-Mg and Cr-Re, whereas each atom itself never improved the performance. We conclude that the synergy never emerges from a common strategy restricted to combinations of "good" elements that individually improve the performance. In addition, we propose a guideline for the binary substitutions by elucidating the mechanism of crystal structure change. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Binary alloys

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Measurement and interpretation of same-sign W boson pair production in association with two jets in pp collisions at (Formula presented.) TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Journal of High Energy Physics 2024年第4期2024卷 1-61页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abeling, K. Abicht, N.J. Abidi, S.H. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Abusleme Hoffman, A.C. Acharya, B.S. Adam Bourdarios, C. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Addepalli, S.V. Addison, M.J. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Aikot, A. Ait Tamlihat, M. Aitbenchikh, B. Aizenberg, I. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Akiyama, D. Akolkar, N.N. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Albouy, G.L. Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, F. Algren, M. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, H.M.J. Ali, S. Alibocus, S.W. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allen, J.F. Allendes Flores, C.A. Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alvarez Estevez, M. Alvarez Fernandez, A. Alves Cardoso, M. Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S.P. Amos, K.R. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M.T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Aparisi Pozo, J.A. Aparo, M.A. Aperio Bella, L. Appelt, C. Apyan, A. Aranzabal, N. Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atashi, S. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bailey, A.J. Bailey, V.R. Baines, J.T. Baines, L. Bakalis, C. Baker, O.K. Bakos, E. Bakshi Gupta, D. Balakrishnan, V. Balasubramanian, R. Baldin, E.M. Balek, P. Ballabene, E. Balli, F. Baltes, L.M. Balunas, W.K. Balz, J. Banas, E. Bandieramont Department of Physics University of Adelaide Department of Physics University of Alberta Department of Physics Ankara University Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology LAPP Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Department of Physics University of Arizona Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Department of Physics Nanjing University School of Science Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS) Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Department of Physics Bogazici University Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Department of Physics Istanbul University Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigaciónes Universidad Antonio Nariño Departamento de Física Universidad Nacional de Colombia Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia A. Righi Università di Bologna INFN Sezione di Bologna Physikalisches Institut Universität Bonn Department of Physics Boston University Department of Physics Brandeis University Transilvania University of Brasov Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Department of Physics Alexandru

This paper presents the measurement of fiducial and differential cross sections for both the inclusive and electroweak production of a same-sign W-boson pair in association with two jets (W^±W^±jj) using 139 fb⁻¹ of proton-proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis is performed by selecting two same-charge leptons, electron or muon, and at least two jets with large invariant mass and a large rapidity difference. The measured fiducial cross sections for electroweak and inclusive W^±W^±jj production are 2.92 ± 0.22 (stat.) ± 0.19 (syst.) fb and 3.38 ± 0.22 (stat.) ± 0.19 (syst.) fb, respectively, in agreement with Standard Model predictions. The measurements are used to constrain anomalous quartic gauge couplings by extracting 95% confidence level intervals on dimension-8 operators. A search for doubly charged Higgs bosons H^±± that are produced in vector-boson fusion processes and decay into a same-sign W boson pair is performed. The largest deviation from the Standard Model occurs for an H^±± mass near 450 GeV, with a global significance of 2.5 standard deviations. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Hadron-Hadron Scattering Vector Boson Production

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Quantum-centric Supercomputing for Materials science: A Perspective on Challenges and Future Directions

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Alexeev, Yuri Amsler, Maximilian Barroca, Marco Antonio Bassini, Sanzio Battelle, Torey Camps, Daan Casanova, David Choi, Young Jai Chong, Frederic T. Chung, Charles Codella, Christopher Córcoles, Antonio D. Cruise, James Di Meglio, Alberto Duran, Ivan Eckl, Thomas Economou, Sophia Eidenbenz, Stephan Elmegreen, Bruce Fare, Clyde Faro, Ismael Fernández, Cristina Sanz Ferreira, Rodrigo Neumann Barros Fuji, Keisuke Fuller, Bryce Gagliardi, Laura Galli, Giulia Glick, Jennifer R. Gobbi, Isacco Gokhale, Pranav de la Puente Gonzalez, Salvador Greiner, Johannes Gropp, Bill Grossi, Michele Gull, Emanuel Healy, Burns Hermes, Matthew R. Huang, Benchen Humble, Travis S. Ito, Nobuyasu Izmaylov, Artur F. Javadi-Abhari, Ali Jennewein, Douglas Jha, Shantenu Jiang, Liang Jones, Barbara de Jong, Wibe Albert Jurcevic, Petar Kirby, William Kister, Stefan Kitagawa, Masahiro Klassen, Joel Klymko, Katherine Koh, Kwangwon Kondo, Masaaki Kürkçüoglu, Doga Murat Kurowski, Krzysztof Laino, Teodoro Landfield, Ryan Leininger, Matt Leyton-Ortega, Vicente Li, Ang Lin, Meifeng Liu, Junyu Lorente, Nicolas Luckow, Andre Martiel, Simon Martin-Fernandez, Francisco Martonosi, Margaret Marvinney, Claire Medina, Arcesio Castaneda Merten, Dirk Mezzacapo, Antonio Michielsen, Kristel Mitra, Abhishek Mittal, Tushar Moon, Kyungsun Moore, Joel Mostame, Sarah Motta, Mario Na, Young-Hye Nam, Yunseong Narang, Prineha Ohnishi, Yu-Ya Ottaviani, Daniele Otten, Matthew Pakin, Scott Pascuzzi, Vincent R. Pednault, Edwin Piontek, Tomasz Pitera, Jed Rall, Patrick Ravi, Gokul Subramanian Robertson, Niall Rossi, Matteo A.C. Rydlichowski, Piotr Ryu, Hoon Samsonidze, Georgy Sato, Mitsuhisa Saurabh, Nishant Sharma, Vidushi Sharma, Kunal Shin, Soyoung Slessman, George Steiner, Mathias Sitdikov, Iskandar Suh, In-Saeng Switzer, Eric D. Tang, Wei Thompson, Joel Todo, Synge Tran, Minh C. Trenev, Dimitar Trott, Christian Tseng, Huan-Hsin Tubman, Norm M. Tureci, Esin Valiñas, David García Vallecorsa, Sofia Wever, Christopher Wojciechowski, Konrad Wu, Xiaodi Yoo, Shinjae Yoshioka, Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Corporate Sector Research and Advance Engineering Robert Bosch GmbH Robert-Bosch-Campus 1 RenningenD-71272 Germany IBM Research RJ Rio de Janeiro20031-170 Brazil Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil CINECA via Magnanelli 6/3 BO Casalecchio di Reno40033 Italy Arizona State University TempeAZ United States National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States Euskadi Donostia-San Sebastián20018 Spain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao48009 Spain Department of Physics Yonsei University Seoul03722 Korea Republic of University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States IBM Quantum IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY10598 United States Cambridge Consultants part of Capgemini Invent Cambridge United Kingdom Geneva1211 Switzerland Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Osaka University Osaka560-8531 Japan Department of Chemistry Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States Fraunhofer ITWM Rheinland-Pfalz Kaiserslautern67663 Germany Infleqtion ChicagoIL60622 United States University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Research Office Oak Ridge National Laboratory One Bethel Valley Road Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Hyogo Kobe650-0047 Japan Chemical Physics Theory Group Department of Chemistry University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H6 Canada Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough TorontoONM1C 1A4 Canada Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY United States Rutgers University New BrunswickNJ United States IBM Quantum Almaden Research Center San JoseCA95120 United States Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division

computational models are an essential tool for the design, characterization, and discovery of novel materials. computationally hard tasks in materials science stretch the limits of existing high-performance supercomputing centers, consuming much of their resources for simulation, analysis, and data processing. Quantum computing, on the other hand, is an emerging technology with the potential to accelerate many of the computational tasks needed for materials science. In order to do that, the quantum technology must interact with conventional high-performance computing in several ways: approximate results validation, identification of hard problems, and synergies in quantum-centric supercomputing. In this paper, we provide a perspective on how quantum-centric supercomputing can help address critical computational problems in materials science, the challenges to face in order to solve representative use cases, and new suggested directions. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Characterization (materials science)

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Cover Feature: Crystal Structures and Fluorescence Spectroscopic Properties of a Series of α,ω-Di(4-pyridyl)polyenes: Effect of Aggregation-Induced Emission (ChemPlusChem 9/2020)

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ChemPlusChem 2020年第9期85卷 1952-1952页

作者： Dr. Yoriko Sonoda Prof. Norimitsu Tohnai Dr. Yukihiro Shimoi Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Umezono 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan

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Nonlinear level attraction of cavity axion polariton in an antiferromagnetic topological insulator

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Xiao, Yang Wang, Huaiqiang Wang, Dinghui Lu, Ruifeng Yan, Xiaohong Guo, Hong Hu, C.-M. Xia, Ke Zhang, Haijun Xing, Dingyu College of Science Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing210016 China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Physics School Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Department of Physics University of Zurich Zurich8057 Switzerland Department of Applied Physics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China School of Material Science and Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China Department of Physics McGill University MontrealQCH3A 2T8 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Manitoba WinnipegR3T 2N2 Canada Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing100193 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China

Strong coupling between cavity photons and elementary excitations in condensed matters boosts the field of light-matter interaction and generates several exciting sub-fields, such as cavity optomechanics and cavity magnon polariton. Axion quasiparticles, emerging in topological insulators, were predicted to strongly couple with the light and generate the so-called axion polariton. Here, we demonstrate that there arises a gapless level attraction of cavity axion polariton in an antiferromagnetic topological insulator, which originates from the high-order interaction between axion and the odd-order resonance of a cavity. Such a novel coupling mechanism is essentially different from conventional level attractions with the linear-order interaction. Our results open up promising roads for exploring the axion polariton with cavity technologies. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism

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PANDORA project: photo-nuclear reactions below A=60

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Tamii, A. Pellegri, L. Söderström, P.-A. Allard, D. Goriely, S. Inakura, T. Khan, E. Kido, E. Kimura, M. Litvinova, E. Nagataki, S. von Neumann-Cosel, P. Pietralla, N. Shimizu, N. Tsoneva, N. Utsuno, Y. Adachi, S. Bahini, A. Balabanski, D. Baret, B. Bekker, J.A.C. Binda, S.D. Boicu, E. Bracco, A. Brandherm, I. Brezeanu, M. Brummer, J.W. Camera, F. Crespi, F.C.L. Dalal, R. Donaldson, L.M. Fujikawa, Y. Furuno, T. Haoning, H. Honda, Y. Gavrilescu, A. Inoue, A. Isaak, J. Jivan, H. Jones, P.M. Jongile, S. Kawabata, T. Khumalo, T. Kiener, J. Kleemann, J. Kobayashi, N. Koshio, Y. Kuşoğlu, A. Li, K.C.W. Malatji, K.L. Molaeng, R.E. Motoki, H. Murata, M. Netshiya, A. Neveling, R. Niina, R. Oliver, J. Okamoto, S. Ota, S. Papst, O. Parizot, E. Petruse, T. Reen, M.S. Ring, P. Sakanashi, K. Sideras-Haddad, E. Siem, S. Spall, M. Suda, T. Sudo, T. Taniguchi, Y. Tatischeff, V. Utsunomiya, H. Wang, H. Werner, V. Wibowo, H. Wiedeking, M. Wieland, O. Xu, Y. Osaka University Ibaraki567-0047 Japan School of Physics University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg2050 South Africa iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences Somerset West7129 South Africa Str. Reactorului 30 Bucharest-Măgurele077125 Romania Laboratoire Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CNRS ParisF-75013 France Institut d’Astronomie et d’Astrophysique Université Libre de Bruxelles Campus de la Plaine CP 226 Brussels1050 Belgium Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo152-8550 Japan IJCLab Université Paris-Saclay CNRS IN2P3 Orsay Cedex91405 France RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan Department of Physics Hokkaido University Sapporo060-0810 Japan Nuclear Reaction Data Centre Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo060-0810 Japan Department of Physics Western Michigan University KalamazooMI49008 United States Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt64289 Germany Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Advanced Science Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Ibaraki Tokai319-1195 Japan Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba Miyagi Sendai980-8578 Japan University of Bucharest Atomistilor 405 Bucharest-Măgurele077125 Romania Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università degli Studi di Milano MilanoI-20133 Italy INFN Sezione di Milano MilanoI-20133 Italy Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology Hisar125001 India Department of Physics Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-Cho Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Physics Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka560-0043 Japan Politehnica University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania Department of Physics Faculty of Science Istanbul University Vezneciler/ Istanbul Fatih34134 Turkey Department of Physics University of Oslo P.O. Box 1048 Blindern OsloN-0316 Norway Department of Physics Akal University Punjab

Photo-nuclear reactions of light nuclei below a mass of A = 60 are studied experimentally and theoretically by the PANDORA (Photo-Absorption of Nuclei and Decay Observation for Reactions in Astrophysics) project. Two experimental methods, virtual-photon excitation by proton scattering and real-photo absorption by a high-brilliance gamma-ray beam produced by laser Compton scattering, will be applied to measure the photo-absorption cross sections and the decay branching ratio of each decay channel as a function of the photon energy. Several nuclear models, e.g. anti-symmetrized molecular dynamics, mean-field type models, a large-scale shell model, and ab initio models, will be employed to predict the photo-nuclear reactions. The uncertainty in the model predictions will be evaluated from the discrepancies between the model predictions and the experimental data. The data and the predictions will be implemented in a general reaction calculation code TALYS. The results will be applied to the simulation of the photo-disintegration process of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays in inter-galactic propagation. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Gamma rays

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The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children

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Nature Communications 2022年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Reiner, Robert C. Welgan, Catherine A. Troeger, Christopher E. Baumann, Mathew M. Weiss, Daniel J. Deshpande, Aniruddha Blacker, Brigette F. Miller-Petrie, Molly K. Earl, Lucas Bhatt, Samir Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Aghaali, Mohammad Aji, Budi Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Saqib Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Saeed Amugsi, Dickson A. Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Ansari, Fereshteh Anvari, Davood Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Atout, Maha Moh’d Wahbi Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Floriane Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Badawi, Alaa Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Bedi, Neeraj Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhandari, Dinesh Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bijani, Ali Birhanu, Tesega Tesega Mengistu Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Butt, Zahid A. Car, Josip Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel C. Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Coelho, Camila H. Cook, Aubrey J. Damiani, Giovanni Daoud, Farah Gela, Jiregna Darega Darwish, Amira Hamed Daryani, Ahmad Das, Jai K. Davis Weaver, Nicole Deribe, Kebede Desalew, Assefa Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Dorostkar, Fariba Dubljanin, Eleonora Duko, Bereket Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura Effiong, Andem El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enany, Shymaa Fattahi, Nazir Feigin, Valery L. Fernandes, Eduarda Ferrara, Pietro Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A. Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Foroutan, Masoud Frostad, Joseph Jon Fukumoto, Takeshi Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gebrekrstos, Hailemikael Gebrekidan G. K. Gebremeskel, Leake Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Gething, Peter W. Gezae, Kebede Embaye Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Gubar Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Population Health Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Qom University of Medical Sciences Qom Iran Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Jenderal Soedirman University Purwokerto Indonesia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center Department of Veterans Affairs St Louis MO United States Institute of Health Research University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran Department of Health Policy and Management Kuwait University Safat Kuwait International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding National University of Malaysia Bandar Tun Razak Malaysia Department of Epidemiology Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran Medical Research Center

Despite substantial declines since 2000, lower respiratory infections (LRIs), diarrhoeal diseases, and malaria remain among the leading causes of nonfatal and fatal disease burden for children under 5 years of age (under 5), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The spatial burden of each of these diseases has been estimated subnationally across SSA, yet no prior analyses have examined the pattern of their combined burden. Here we synthesise subnational estimates of the burden of LRIs, diarrhoea, and malaria in children under-5 from 2000 to 2017 for 43 sub-Saharan countries. Some units faced a relatively equal burden from each of the three diseases, while others had one or two dominant sources of unit-level burden, with no consistent pattern geographically across the entire subcontinent. Using a subnational counterfactual analysis, we show that nearly 300 million DALYs could have been averted since 2000 by raising all units to their national average. Our findings are directly relevant for decision-makers in determining which and targeting where the most appropriate interventions are for increasing child survival. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Biogeography Epidemiology Infectious diseases Malaria

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Self-Compassion Around the World: Measurement Invariance of the Short Form of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF) Across 65 Nations, 40 Languages, Gender Identities, and Age Groups

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Mindfulness 2025年 1-28页

作者： Swami, Viren Tran, Ulrich S. Voracek, Martin Aavik, Toivo Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Afhami, Reza Ahmed, Oli Aimé, Annie Akel, Marwan Al Halbusi, Hussam Alexias, George Ali, Khawla F. Alp-Dal, Nursel Alsalhani, Anas B. Álvarez-Solas, Sara Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares Andrianto, Sonny Aspden, Trefor Argyrides, Marios Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R. Atkin, Stephen Ayandele, Olusola Baceviciene, Migle Bahbouh, Radvan Ballesio, Andrea Barron, David Bellard, Ashleigh Bender, Sóley Sesselja Beydaǧ, Kerime Derya Birovljević, Gorana Blackburn, Marie-Ève Borja-Alvarez, Teresita Borowiec, Joanna Bozogáňová, Miroslava Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid Browning, Matthew H. E. M. Brytek-Matera, Anna Burakova, Marina Çakır-Koçak, Yeliz Camacho, Pablo Camilleri, Vittorio Emanuele Cazzato, Valentina Cerea, Silvia Chaiwutikornwanich, Apitchaya Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin Chambers, Tim Chen, Qing-Wei Chen, Xin Chien, Chin-Lung Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit Choompunuch, Bovornpot Compte, Emilio J. Corrigan, Jennifer Cosmas, Getrude Cowden, Richard G. Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila Czub, Marcin da Silva, Wanderson Roberto Dadfar, Mahboubeh Dalley, Simon E. Dany, Lionel Datu, Jesus Alfonso D. de Carvalho, Pedro Henrique Berbert de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins De Jesus, Avila Odia S. Debbabi, Sonia Harzallah Dhakal, Sandesh Di Bernardo, Francesca Dimitrova, Donka D. Dion, Jacinthe Dixson, Barnaby Donofrio, Stacey M. Drysch, Marius Du, Hongfei Dzhambov, Angel M. El-Jor, Claire Enea, Violeta Eskin, Mehmet Farbod, Farinaz Farrugia, Lorleen Fian, Leonie Fisher, Maryanne L. Folwarczny, Michał Frederick, David A. Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew Furnham, Adrian García, Antonio Alías Geller, Shulamit Ghisi, Marta Ghorbani, Alireza Martinez, Maria Angeles Gomez Gradidge, Sarah Graf, Sylvie Grano, Caterina Gyene, Gyöngyvér Hallit, Souheil Hamdan, Motasem Handelzalts, Jonathan E. Hanel, Paul H. P. Hawks, Steven R. Hekmati, Issa Helmy, Mai Hill, Tetiana Hina, Farah Holenweger, Geraldine Hřebíčková, Martina Ijabadeniyi, Olasupo Augustine Imam, Asma İ School of Psychology and Sport Science Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge United Kingdom Centre for Psychological Medicine Perdana University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Cognition Emotion and Methods in Psychology Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Psychology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Department of Psychology Istinye University Istanbul Turkey Department of Psychology and Behavioural Studies Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Art Studies Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Department of Psychology University of Chittagong Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology Université du Québec en Outaouais Saint-Jérôme Canada INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology Beirut Lebanon School of Pharmacy Lebanese International University Beirut Lebanon Department of Management Ahmed Bin Mohammad Military College Doha Qatar Faculty of Psychology Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences Athens Greece Royal College of Surgeons Ireland-Bahrain Adliya Bahrain Department of Midwifery Faculty of Health Sciences Munzur University Tunceli Turkey Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing Vision Colleges Riyadh Saudi Arabia Facultad de Salud Universidad Internacional de La Rioja Logroño Spain Science and Technology of Southeast Minas Gerais Federal Institute of Education Barbacena Brazil Department of Psychology Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Psychology Aberystwyth University Ceredigion United Kingdom Department of Psychology Neapolis University Pafos Paphos Cyprus Department of Psychology De La Salle University Manila Philippines Department of General Studies The Polytechnic Ibadan Nigeria Department of Psychology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Health Research and Innovation Science Centre Faculty of Health Sciences Klai

Objectives: The 12-item Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS–SF) is a widely used instrument for the assessment of self-compassion. To date, there have been few examinations of this instrument’s psychometric properties, particularly across nations and languages. Therefore, we used data from the Body Image in Nature Survey (BINS) to assess measurement invariance of the SCS–SF across nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Methods: Participants (N = 56,968) from 65 nations completed the SCS–SF in 40 languages. Using these data, we tested various hypothesised models of the SCS–SF in the total sample and, using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, tested for invariance of the optimal model across national groups, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Results: In the total dataset, we found that an 11-item, 2-factor model (i.e., SCS-11) provided best fit to the data, with the two factors tapping distinct constructs of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding. The SCS-11 was found to be partially scalar invariant across national groups and languages, and fully scalar invariant across gender identities and age groups. There was wide variation in latent means for the two factors, particularly across national groups and languages. Further analyses showed negligible associations between the two factors and sociodemographic variables, including marital status, financial security, and urbanicity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that it may be possible to derive a stable 2-factor model of the SCS–SF for use in cross-cultural research, but also highlight the likelihood of cross-national and cross-linguistic variations in the way that self-compassion is understood. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Cross-cultural Measurement invariance Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) Self-Compassion Scale Short Form

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