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Study on fundamental processes of laser welded metals observed with intense x-ray beams 12th

12th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers, 2010

作者： Muramatsu, T. Daido, H. Shobu, T. Takase, K. Tsukimori, K. Kureta, M. Segawa, M. Nishimura, A. Suzuki, Y. Kawachi, T. Applied Laser Technology Institute Tsuruga Head Office Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Quantum Beam Science Directorate Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Advanced Nuclear System Research and Development Directorate Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789400711853

With use of photon techniques including visible light, soft and hard x-rays, precise fundamental laser welding processes in the repair and maintenance of nuclear plant engineering were reviewed mechanistically. We make discussions centered on the usefulness of an intense soft x-ray beams for evaluations of spatial residual strain distribution and welded metal convection behavior including the surface morphology. Numerical results obtained with a general purpose three-dimensional code SPLICE for the simulation of the welding and solidifying phenomena. Then it is concluded that the x-ray beam would be useful as one of the powerful tools for understanding the mechanisms of various complex phenomena with higher accuracy and higher resolution. © Canopus Academic Publishing Limited 2011.

关键词： Repair

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Lipid recognition propensities of amino acids in membrane proteins from atomic resolution data

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BMC Biophysics 2011年第1期4卷 1-12页

作者： Morita, Mizuki Katta, AVSK M. Ahmad, Shandar Mori, Takaharu Sugita, Yuji Mizuguchi, Kenji Department of Fundamental Research National Institute of Biomedical Innovation Ibaraki Osaka 7-6-8 Saito Asagi Japan Institute of Bioinformatics Research and Development Japan Science and Technology Agency Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 5-3 Yonbancho Japan RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center Kobe Hyogo 7-1-26 Minatojima-minamimachi Chuo-ku Japan RIKEN Advanced Science Institute Saitama 2-1 Hirosawa Wako-shi Japan RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science Kobe Hyogo 7-1-26 Minatojima-minamimachi Chuo-ku Japan

Background: Protein-lipid interactions play essential roles in the conformational stability and biological functions of membrane proteins. However, few of the previous computational studies have taken into account the atomic details of protein-lipid interactions ***: To gain an insight into the molecular mechanisms of the recognition of lipid molecules by membrane proteins, we investigated amino acid propensities in membrane proteins for interacting with the head and tail groups of lipid molecules. We observed a common pattern of lipid tail-amino acid interactions in two different data sources, crystal structures and molecular dynamics simulations. These interactions are largely explained by general lipophilicity, whereas the preferences for lipid head groups vary among individual proteins. We also found that membrane and water-soluble proteins utilize essentially an identical set of amino acids for interacting with lipid head and tail ***: We showed that the lipophilicity of amino acid residues determines the amino acid preferences for lipid tail groups in both membrane and water-soluble proteins, suggesting that tightly-bound lipid molecules and lipids in the annular shell interact with membrane proteins in a similar manner. In contrast, interactions between lipid head groups and amino acids showed a more variable pattern, apparently constrained by each protein's specific molecular function. © 2011 Morita et al;licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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Dynamic model of a hyper-redundant, octopus-like manipulator for underwater applications

Dynamic model of a hyper-redundant, octopus-like manipulator...

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2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： Rongjie Kang Asimina Kazakidi Emanuele Guglielmino David T. Branson Dimitris P. Tsakiris John A. Ekaterinaris Darwin G. Caldwell Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genova Italy Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas FORTH Heraklion Greece Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas FORTH Heraklion Greece

The octopus arm is a unique tool that combines strength and flexibility. It can shorten, elongate and bend at any point along its length. To model this behavior, a hyper-redundant manipulator composed of multiple segments is proposed. Each segment is a parallel robotic mechanism with redundant actuation. The kinematics and dynamics of this manipulator are analyzed and simulated utilizing a modular computational modeling method. Simulation results for some primitive movements are presented, and the effect of hydrodynamic forces is included.

关键词： Mathematical model Force Manipulator dynamics Joints Equations Pistons

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Infrared and Raman spectra of ABC-stacked few-layer graphene studied by first-principles calculations

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Physical Review B 2011年第24期84卷 245433-245433页

作者： Yuehua Xu Xiaowei Li San-Huang Ke Key Laboratory of Advanced Microstructured Materials MOE Department of Physics Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China Center for Applied Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China Beijing Computational Science Research Center 3 Heqing Road Beijing 100084 China

The infrared (IR) absorption spectra and resonant Raman spectra of ABC-stacked tri- and tetra-layer graphene are studied using the density functional theory. It is found that they exhibit very different characteristic peaks in their IR spectra and G-band resonant Raman spectra, compared with those of AB-stacked ones, caused by the different stacking sequence and interlayer coupling. The anisotropy of the IR spectra with respect to the direction of the light electric field is significant. The IR spectra are more sensitive to the stacking number when the electric field is perpendicular to the graphene plane due to the interlayer polarization. On the other hand, the calculated first-order G-band resonant Raman spectra are also found to be sensitive to the different stacking sequence and stacking number, though the sensitivity will decay as the stacking number increases. The high sensitivities make both IR and Raman spectra possible to identify the stacking sequence and number of few-layer graphene by comparing theory and experiment.

关键词： RAMAN effect ABSORPTION spectra INFRARED spectra GRAPHENE DENSITY functionals

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Efficient and accurate linear algebraic methods for large-scale electronic structure calculations with nonorthogonal atomic orbitals

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Physical Review B 2011年第16期83卷 165103-165103页

作者： H. Teng T. Fujiwara T. Hoshi T. Sogabe S.-L. Zhang S. Yamamoto Center for Research and Development of Higher Education The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Agency (CREST-JST) Japan Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics Tottori University Tottori 680-8550 Japan School of Information Science and Technology Aichi Prefecture University Nagakute-cho Aichi 480-1198 Japan Department of Computational Science and Engineering Nagoya University Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan School of Computer Science Tokyo University of Technology Katakura-machi Hachioji Tokyo 192-0982 Japan

The need for large-scale electronic structure calculations arises recently in the field of material physics, and efficient and accurate algebraic methods for large simultaneous linear equations become greatly important. We investigate the generalized shifted conjugate orthogonal conjugate gradient method, the generalized Lanczos method, and the generalized Arnoldi method. They are the solver methods of large simultaneous linear equations of the one-electron Schrödinger equation and map the whole Hilbert space to a small subspace called the Krylov subspace. These methods are applied to systems of fcc Au with the NRL tight-binding Hamiltonian [F. Kirchhoff et al., Phys. Rev. B 63, 195101 (2001)]. We compare results by these methods and the exact calculation and show them to be equally accurate. The system size dependence of the CPU time is also discussed. The generalized Lanczos method and the generalized Arnoldi method are the most suitable for the large-scale molecular dynamics simulations from the viewpoint of CPU time and memory size.

关键词： LINEAR algebraic groups CONJUGATE gradient methods APPROXIMATION theory NUMERICAL solutions to equations HILBERT space

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The development of magnetic navigation system for home use of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological ...

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Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological Engineering 2011年第1期49卷 122-131页

作者： Fukushima, Taishi Nishikawa, Atsushi Miyazaki, Fumio Sekino, Masaki Yasumuro, Yoshihiro Matsuzaki, Taiga Hosomi, Koichi Saitoh, Youichi Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Japan Department of Neuromodulation and Neurosurgery Center for Advanced Science and Innovation Osaka University Japan Division of Applied Biology Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems Graduate School of Engineering University of Tokyo Japan Faculty of Environmental and Urban Engineering Kansai University Japan Home Healthcare Research and Development Department Teijin Pharma Limited Japan

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is effective for intractable diseases of the nervous system. As the effects of rTMS last only several hours, rTMS therapies need to be continued daily. Under present circumstances, it is difficult to use rTMS in patients' home, because only experienced physicians in limited hospitals can use the expensive and complicated rTMS system. Therefore, we developed a magnetic navigation system for home use of rTMS. The proposed system uses inexpensive and small magnetic sensors;hence it is suitable for home use. By using the proposed method, even people who have no medical knowledge and technique can easily navigate the coil to the optimal position preliminarily specified by expert physicians. Our system needs to collect some dataset which consists of magnetic field and the corresponding position of the coil at the patients' initial visit. Since it is bothersome to collect a large number of dataset, we reduced the dataset by approximation using multi-regression analysis.

关键词： Regression analysis

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Comprehensive Study of Impact Ionization Coefficients of 4H-SiC

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MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) 2011年第1期815卷 J9.3-J9.3页

作者： T. Hatakeyama T. Watanabe K. Kojima N. Sano T. Shinohe K. Arai Corporate Research & Development Center Toshiba Corporation 1 Komukai Toshiba-cho Saiwai-ku Kawasaki 212-8582 Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Power Electronics Research Center Tsukuba Center 2 1-1-1 Umezono Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan Institute of Applied Physics University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan

The electric field dependence and anisotropy of the impact ionization coefficients of 4H-SiC are investigated by means of the avalanche breakdown behavior of p+n diodes. The breakdown voltages as a function of doping density and the multiplication factors of a leakage current are obtained using p+n diode fabricated on (0001) and (1120) 4H-SiC epitaxial wafers. The obtained impact ionization coefficients show large anisotropy; the breakdown voltage of a p+n diode on (1120) wafer is 60% of that on (0001) wafer. We have shown that anisotropy of the impact ionization coefficients is attributable to the anisotropy of saturation velocity originated from the electronic structure of 4H-SiC.

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Paper supplement: Study on the pan carbon-fiber-innovation for modeling a successful R&D management - An excited-oscillation management model

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Synthesiology 2011年第2期4卷 111-114页

作者： Nakamura, Osamu Ohana, Tsuguyori Tazawa, Masato Yokota, Shinji Shinoda, Wataru Nakamura, Osamu Itoh, Junji Evaluation Division AIST Tsukuba central 2 Umezono1-1-1 Tsukuba 305-8568 Japan Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute AIST Tsukuba central 2 Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba 305-8565 Japan Materials Research Institute for Sustainable Development AIST Anagahora 2266-98 Shimoshidami Moriyama-ku Nagoya 463-8560 Japan Research and Innovation Promotion Office AIST Kasumigaseki 1-3-1 Chiyoda-ku 100-8921 Japan Research Institute for Computational Sciences AIST Tsukuba Central 2 Umezono1-1-1 Tsukuba 305-8568 Japan Science and Technology Promotion Division Nagasaki Prefectural Govenment Edo-cho 2-13 Nagasaki 850-8570 Japan AIST Board of Trustees AIST Tsukuba Central 2 Umezono1-1-1 Tsukuba 305-8568 Japan

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Vacancy-type defects in ultra-shallow junctions fabricated using plasma doping studied by positron annihilation

Vacancy-type defects in ultra-shallow junctions fabricated u...

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10th International Workshop on Junction technology, IWJT-2010

作者： Uedono, Akira Tsutsui, Kazuo Ishibashi, Shoji Watanabe, Hiromichi Kubota, Shoji Tenjinbayashi, Kazuki Nakagawa, Yasumasa Mizuno, Bunji Hattori, Takeo Iwai, Hiroshi Institute of Applied Physics University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8502 Japan Research Institute for Computational Sciences National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan Ultimate Junction Technologies Inc. 3-1-1 Moriguchi Osaka 570-8501 Japan Frontier Research Center Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8502 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424458691

Vacancy-type defects in plasma immersion B-implanted Si were probed by a monoenergetic positron beam. A positron annihilates with an electron and emits two 511 keV γ-quanta. Doppler broadening spectra of the annihilation radiation were measured and compared with spectra calculated using the first-principles calculations. For the as-doped sample, the vacancy-rich region was found to be localized within 0-10 nm from the surface, and the major defect species were determined to be divacancy-B complexes. After spike rapid thermal annealing at 1075°C, those complexes were annealed out, and turned to B clusters such as icosahedral B12 distributed between 4 nm and 32 nm from the surface. We will demonstrate that that the positron annihilation technique is sensitive to point defects in shallow junctions formed on Si substrates without influence of B atoms located in the substitutional site. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Rapid thermal annealing

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First-principles study of structural and electronic properties of ultrathin silicon nanosheets

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Physical Review B 2010年第4期82卷 045419-045419页

作者： Tetsuya Morishita Salvy P. Russo Ian K. Snook Michelle J. S. Spencer Kengo Nishio Masuhiro Mikami Applied Physics School of Applied Sciences RMIT University GPO Box 2476 Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia Research Institute for Computational Sciences (RICS) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-1-1 Umezono Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan

Silicon (Si) is currently the basis of most of our nanodevice technology and ultrathin materials based on Si would have the great advantage of easy integration into existing circuitry. Recently, it has been demonstrated using molecular-dynamics calculations that two-dimensional ultrathin layered Si can be formed by cooling fluid Si confined in a slit pore [T. Morishita et al., Phys. Rev. B 77, 081401(R) (2008)]. Here we investigate, using ab initio density-functional theory, the structural and electronic properties of ultrathin double layer Si with and without hydrogenation or substitutional doping. We show that such materials have very desirable electronic properties, being able to be changed from metallic to semiconducting. They may also act as p-type or n-type semiconductors upon partial hydrogenation or substitutional doping of phosphorus. We suggest that these materials may be of great importance to production of nanoelectronic devices and sensors.

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