The authors propose a new defined tensile stress distribution for steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) to evaluate the flexural strength of SFRC beams. It is a simplified formula based on the SFRC tensile stress – ...
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The protection effectiveness of traditional Lightning Strike Protection(LSP)for composite rotor blade of helicopter can be diminished due to the explosion risk in overlapping attachment under lightning strike,so a new...
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The protection effectiveness of traditional Lightning Strike Protection(LSP)for composite rotor blade of helicopter can be diminished due to the explosion risk in overlapping attachment under lightning strike,so a new protection method based on Air Breakdown and insulating adhesive layer(AB-LSP method)was designed to avoid *** this study,a numerical method was developed to simulate the electrical breakdown,and verified by experiment *** on this method,a Finite Element Model(FEM)was established to investigate the effect of two factors(breakdown strength and initial ablation temperature of adhesive layer)on the LSP *** results show that the breakdown strength impacts more to the ablation damage in composite than that of high-temperature ***,another FEM was established to predict the ablation damage by lightning strike in the AB-LSP method protected composite rotor *** mechanisms and potential key parameters(magnitude of lightning current,discharge channel location,adhesive layer thickness,and air gap width)that could affect the protection effectiveness were *** introduction of air breakdown changes the current conduction path and reduces explosion *** rational design,this method can offer effective lightning protection for composite helicopter rotor blade and other composite structures.
In traditional digital twin communication system testing,we can apply test cases as completely as possible in order to ensure the correctness of the system implementation,and even then,there is no guarantee that the d...
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In traditional digital twin communication system testing,we can apply test cases as completely as possible in order to ensure the correctness of the system implementation,and even then,there is no guarantee that the digital twin communication system implementation is completely *** verification is currently recognized as a method to ensure the correctness of software system for communication in digital twins because it uses rigorous mathematical methods to verify the correctness of systems for communication in digital twins and can effectively help system designers determine whether the system is designed and implemented *** this paper,we use the interactive theorem proving tool Isabelle/HOL to construct the formal model of the X86 architecture,and to model the related assembly *** verification result shows that the system states obtained after the operations of relevant assembly instructions is consistent with the expected states,indicating that the system meets the design expectations.
To facilitate the low-noise design of tandem lift bodies as applied in aeroengines and aircraft,the acoustic features of tandem blades are investigated by wind-tunnel *** is further specialized for the rotating blades...
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To facilitate the low-noise design of tandem lift bodies as applied in aeroengines and aircraft,the acoustic features of tandem blades are investigated by wind-tunnel *** is further specialized for the rotating blades applied in contra-rotating open rotors under the concept of frozen-rotor.A 70-channel phased microphone array and nine high-precision free-field microphones are *** beamforming method,enhanced by a source filtering technique,is employed to locate noise sources,providing insights into the source patterns of blade-blade interaction noise concerning flow speed,blade spacing,and aft blade *** results show the following:(A)Sources of tandem-blade noise exist in the form of concentrated source clusters,resulting in two major clusters:the mid-span interaction noise and the tip-induced noise.(B)These source clusters tend to separate as flow speed or blade spacing increases.(C)By increasing blade spacing,the band-pass filtered overall sound pressure level is reduced by 2.9 dB.(D)A two-phase noise suppression pattern is observed with blade clipping,resulting in a total reduction of 3.0 dB for the interaction noise through the removal of tip-induced noise sources and the replacement of mid-span noise *** on these findings,suggestions concerning blade spacing and clipping are discussed.
Radiant syngas cooler(RSC)is widely used as a waste heat recovery equipment in industrial *** this work,an RSC with radiation screens is established and the impact of gaseous radiative property models,gas components,a...
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Radiant syngas cooler(RSC)is widely used as a waste heat recovery equipment in industrial *** this work,an RSC with radiation screens is established and the impact of gaseous radiative property models,gas components,and ash particles on heat transfer is investigated by the numerical simulation *** the syngas components and the pressure environment of the RSC,a modified weighted-sum-of-gray-gases model was *** modified model shows high accuracy in *** computational fluid dynamics simulation,the calculated steam production is only 0.63%in error with the industrial *** with Smith's model,the temperature decay along the axial direction calculated by the modified model is *** components are of great significance to heat recovery capacity,especially when the absorbing gas fraction is less than 10%.After considering the influence of particles,the outlet temperature and the proportion of radiative heat transfer are less affected,but the difference in steam output reaches 2.7 t·h^(-1).The particle deposition on the wall greatly reduces the heat recovery performance of an RSC.
In this study,we investigated the correlation between the pre-strain and hydrogen embrittlement(HE)mechanisms in medium-Mn *** annealed Fe-7Mn-0.2C-3Al(wt.%)steel,which showed a two-phase microstructure comprising α...
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In this study,we investigated the correlation between the pre-strain and hydrogen embrittlement(HE)mechanisms in medium-Mn *** annealed Fe-7Mn-0.2C-3Al(wt.%)steel,which showed a two-phase microstructure comprising α ferrite and γR retained austenite,was used as a model *** the pre-strain level increased from 0%to 45%,the volume fraction of γR gradually decreased owing to the strain-induced α'martensite transformation accompanied by an increase in dislocation *** HE resistance decreased with increasing the pre-strain level because the sample with a higher pre-strain level revealed a higher amount of dissolved hydrogen,combined with a more extensive brittle fracture region owing to the enhanced diffusion and permeation of hydrogen from the reduced γR ***-ditionally,the H-assisted crack in the sample without pre-strain was initiated and propagated from the γR grains when the strain-induced α'phase was formed,because most of the dissolved hydrogen was concentrated in the γR grains,and these grains were predominantly deformed compared to the other ***,the pre-strained sample showed more pronounced multiple H-assisted cracking at the constituent phases,such as α and α',because it exhibited relatively well-dispersed hydrogen atoms and reduced microstrain localization at the γR grains,due to the reduced γR fraction.
Low carbon footprint aluminum structure castings are the mainstream development direction of alu-minum alloys in the *** the Fe content tolerance upper limit in casting aluminum alloys is considered an effective way t...
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Low carbon footprint aluminum structure castings are the mainstream development direction of alu-minum alloys in the *** the Fe content tolerance upper limit in casting aluminum alloys is considered an effective way to promote the application of recycled aluminum *** this work,it was found that with the Ce and TiCN NPs(nanoparticles)addition simultaneously to A356 alloys,the acicular Fe-rich phases(β-Al 5 FeSi)which damages the properties can be changed into beneficial phases(core-shell heterostructures)for the alloy,and hence the mechanical properties of A356 alloys can be *** TiCN nanoparticles and rare element Ce play crucial roles in the formation of core-shell *** formation mechanism of core-shell heterostructure was also systematically researched from the perspective of thermodynamics and *** study provides a simple and feasible strategy to eliminate the harmful effects of Fe impurity and contributes to the industrialization of low carbon footprint aluminum structure castings.
Particle motion regime and enrichment behavior of dense granular impinging-jets formed by the nozzle with rectangular orifice are experimentally and numerically *** impingement patterns are identified,including long a...
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Particle motion regime and enrichment behavior of dense granular impinging-jets formed by the nozzle with rectangular orifice are experimentally and numerically *** impingement patterns are identified,including long and short parallel *** enrich in the central axis of the granular sheet when two jets impinge with the long axes parallel *** at the short axes parallel pattern,particles generate two symmetrical enriched *** angle of particle-enriched streams is observed to increase with increasing angle of two impinging-jets and decreasing aspect ratio of the nozzle *** particle image velocity(PIV)analysis results demonstrate that the circumferential distribution of the particle velocity on the granular sheet follows the Gaussian *** the formation of particle-enriched streams,the concentration distribution of the particle evolves into a trimodal *** of the discrete element method(DEM)indicate that the core region with low velocity within the impact zone of impinging-jets generated by using two nozzles with rectangular orifices extends into a shuttle *** core region develops and extends along the horizontal(or vertical)directions at long(or short)axes impingement pattern,thereby,affecting the enrichment behavior of particles.
In order to overcome the defects that the analysis of multi-well typical curves of shale gas reservoirs is rarely applied to engineering,this study proposes a robust production data analysis method based on deconvolut...
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In order to overcome the defects that the analysis of multi-well typical curves of shale gas reservoirs is rarely applied to engineering,this study proposes a robust production data analysis method based on deconvolution,which is used for multi-well inter-well interference *** this study,a multi-well conceptual trilinear seepage model for multi-stage fractured horizontal wells was established,and its Laplace solutions under two different outer boundary conditions were ***,an improved pressure deconvolution algorithm was used to normalize the scattered production ***,the typical curve fitting was carried out using the production data and the seepage model ***,some reservoir parameters and fracturing parameters were interpreted,and the intensity of inter-well interference was *** effectiveness of the method was verified by analyzing the production dynamic data of six shale gas wells in Duvernay *** results showed that the fitting effect of typical curves was greatly improved due to the mutual restriction between deconvolution calculation parameter debugging and seepage model parameter ***,by using the morphological characteristics of the log-log typical curves and the time corresponding to the intersection point of the log-log typical curves of two models under different outer boundary conditions,the strength of the interference between wells on the same well platform was well *** work can provide a reference for the optimization of well spacing and hydraulic fracturing measures for shale gas wells.
Due to the favorable interfacial stability with electrodes,excellent processability,and reasonable material cost,organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes have attracted broad interests in the field of soli...
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Due to the favorable interfacial stability with electrodes,excellent processability,and reasonable material cost,organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes have attracted broad interests in the field of solid-state *** this study,we have developed a solid-state composite electrolyte with polyurethane(PU)as polymer matrix and TiO_(2-x) as nanofiller(denoted as PUL-TiO_(2-x)).The block copolymer PU features alternating soft and hard segments,which offers distinct advantages due to its unique structural *** soft segment of the block copolymer facilitates the dissociation of lithium salt,enabling the conduction of Li^(+),while the rich hydrogen bond network formed by the hard segment ensures the mechanical strength of the *** profusion of Lewis acid sites on the TiO_(2-x) surface facilitates interactions with ether oxygen groups and bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide(TFSI-)anions,thereby enhancing ionic conductivity(σ)and expanding the electrochemical stability window of the ***,the PUL-TiO_(2-x) electrolyte exhibits an impressiveσof 2.19×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1) at 40℃,a Li^(+)transference number of 0.47,and an electrochemical stability window of 4.98 *** resulting LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)||Li battery demonstrates a specific capacity of 171 mAh·g^(-1) and exhibits excellent cycling stability,maintaining its performance over 270 cycles at 40℃.These findings underscore the immense potential of the PUL-TiO_(2-x) in advancing the development of high-performance all-solid-state lithium batteries.
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