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IEEE RAS & EMBS International Conference on Biomedical robotics and Biomechatronics

作者： Nicholas C. von Sternberg Yousef S. Hedayati Habib M. Zaid Erol Yeniaras Eftychios Christoforou Nikolaos V. Tsekos Medical Robotics Lab Department of Computer Science University of Houston University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center KIOS Research Center at the University of Cyprus Medical Robotics Laboratory at the Department of Computer Science at the University of Houston

ISBN: (纸本)9781457711992

During early development stages of novel medical technologies the use of cost-effective, reusable and adaptable dynamic models can be an effective precursor to animal studies. This paper describes and demonstrates a novel, MR compatible, actuated phantom which can mimic the global motion of the left ventricular corridor. This prototype has five actuated DoF and is controlled to replicate specific in vivo motion according to pre-collected MR images. Studies conducted demonstrate 21.1% open-loop error in replicating 1.57 mm motions. MR studies in a 1.5T clinical scanner manifested that the system is MR compatible. SNR was measured to be 90.9 ± 15.4 with the motors in motion and 89.4 ± 2.6 with the motors idle. The purpose of this device is to be used as a phantom for the development and validation of image-guided and robot-assisted intracardiac surgeries in the beating heart.

关键词： Imaging Phantom Engines Motor Precocious Development Environments

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Towards improving mission execution for autonomous gliders with an ocean model and kalman filter

Towards improving mission execution for autonomous gliders w...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Ryan N. Smith Jonathan Kelly Gaurav S. Sukhatme School of Engineering Systems Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD Australia Robust Robotics Group Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Robotic Embedded Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

Effective execution of a planned path by an underwater vehicle is important for proper analysis of the gathered science data, as well as to ensure the safety of the vehicle during the mission. Here, we propose the use of an unscented Kalman filter to aid in determining how the planned mission is executed. Given a set of waypoints that define a planned path and a dicretization of the ocean currents from a regional ocean model, we present an approach to determine the time interval at which the glider should surface to maintain a prescribed tracking error, while also limiting its time on the ocean surface. We assume practical mission parameters provided from previous field trials for the problem set up, and provide the simulated results of the Kalman filter mission planning approach. The results are initially compared to data from prior field experiments in which an autonomous glider executed the same path without pre-planning. Then, the results are validated through field trials with multiple autonomous gliders implementing different surfacing intervals simultaneously while following the same path.

关键词： Navigation Vehicles Sea surface Trajectory Kalman filters Uncertainty

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Reports of the AAAI 2011 conference workshops

Reports of the AAAI 2011 conference workshops

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作者： Agmon, Noa Agrawal, Vikas Aha, David W. Aloimonos, Yiannis Buckley, Donagh Doshi, Prashant Geib, Christopher Grasso, Floriana Green, Nancy Johnston, Benjamin Kaliski, Burt Kiekintveld, Christopher Law, Edith Lieberman, Henry Mengshoel, Ole J. Metzler, Ted Modayil, Joseph Oard, Douglas W. Onder, Nilufer O'Sullivan, Barry Pastra, Katerina Precup, Doina Ramachandran, Sowmya Reed, Chris Sariel-Talay, Sanem Selker, Ted Shastri, Lokendra Singh, Satinder Smith, Stephen F. Srivastava, Siddharth Sukthankar, Gita Uthus, David C. Williams, Mary-Anne Department of Computer Science University of Texas at Austin United States Center for Knowledge Driven Information Systems Infosys Labs India Adaptive Systems Section Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC United States Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park United States EMC's Center of Excellence in Ireland Research Europe at EMC Ireland Department of Computer Science University of Georgia United States School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Greensboro United States Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia VeriSign Inc. United States Department of Computer Science University of Texas at El Paso United States Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media Laboratory United States Carnegie Mellon University's Silicon Valley Campus United States Darrell W. Hughes Program for Religion and Science Dialogue Oklahoma City University United States Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Canada College of Information Studies Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park United States Department of Computer Science Michigan Technological University United States Department of Computer Science University College Cork Ireland Cognitive Systems Research Insitute Athens Greece School of Computer Science McGill University Canada Stottler Henke Inc. United States School of Computing University of Dundee United Kingdom Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Technical University Turkey Convergence Lab Infosys Technologies Ltd. United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States University of Wisconsin

The AAAI-11 workshop program was held Sunday and Monday, August 7-18, 2011, at the Hyatt Regency San Francisco in San Francisco, California USA. The AAAI-11 workshop program included 15 workshops covering a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence. The titles of the workshops were Activity Context Representation: Techniques and Languages;Analyzing Microtext;Applied Adversarial Reasoning and Risk Modeling;Artificial Intelligence and Smarter Living: The Conquest of Complexity;Artifiicial Intelligence for Data Center Management and Cloud Computing;Automated Action Planning for Autonomous Mobile Robots;Computational Models of Natural Argument;Generalized Planning;Human Computation;Human-Robot Interaction in Elder Care;Interactive Decision Theory and Game Theory, 2010;Language-Action Tools for Cognitive Artificial Agents: Integrating Vision, Action, and Language;Lifelong Learning from Sensorimotor Experience;Plan, Activity, and Intent Recognition;and Scalable Integration of Analytics and Visualization. This article presents short summaries of those events. Copyright © 2012, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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A novel swarm intelligence algorithm and its application in solving wireless sensor networks coverage problems

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Journal of Networks 2012年第12期7卷 2037-2043页

作者： Mo, Yuanbin Liu, Jizhong Wang, Baolei Jonathan Wu, Q.M. College of Mathematics and Computer Science Guangxi University for Nationalities Nanning 530006 China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Institute of Robotics of Nanchang University Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer Vision and Sensing Systems Laboratory University of Windsor Windsor N9B3P4 Canada

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted a great deal of research due to their wide-range of potential applications. Sensor deployment and coverage problems are their important issues. This article briefly introduces the principle of swarm intelligence (SI). A novel SI algorithm based on information sharing of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and diversity maintenance mechanism of Artificial Immune System (AIS) is designed and the model of coverage problems is given. Its applications in solving different deterministic and random coverage problems are given. The algorithm used in obtaining maximum coverage probability with given number of sensor nodes and minimum number of sensor nodes with required coverage probability of WSNs deterministic coverage, and determining the selected sensor nodes with coverage probability and connectivity requirement of WSNs random coverage, are analyzed in detail. The simulation results show the algorithm is practical. The applications of SI on K- coverage and connectivity problems in the future are also projected in the article. © 2012 ACADEMY PUBLISHER.

关键词： Swarm intelligence

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Safe automotive software 1

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Lecture Notes in computer science

作者： Heckemann, Karl Gesell, Manuel Pfister, Thomas Berns, Karsten Schneider, Klaus Trapp, Mario Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering Fraunhofer-Platz 1 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Embedded Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern Germany Robotics Research Lab. Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783642238666

ISBN: (纸本)9783642238659

For automotive manufacturers and tier-1 suppliers, the upcoming safety standard ISO 26262 results in new requirements for the development of embedded electronics and software. In particular, the variety of driver assistance systems that autonomously influence the driving dynamics of a vehicle may have a high risk potential and require development in accordance with the normative guidelines. But especially for those systems whose function is typically not based solely on hardware but on complex software algorithms, safety certification can be very complex or even impossible. In this paper the problems of development of vehicle systems according to ISO 26262 are described. Finally an approach for a safety-oriented reference architecture is presented that introduces adaptive software safety cages. This architecture enables application of formal verification methods. Supported by multisensor data fusion this allows to reduce safety requirements for vehicle control systems. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Control system synthesis

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Computational methods to locate and reconstruct genes for complexity reduction in comparative genomics

Computational methods to locate and reconstruct genes for co...

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5th International Conference on Information Processing, ICIP 2011

作者： Vidya, A. Usha, D. Rashma, B.M. Deepa Shenoy, P. Raja, K.B. Venugopal, K.R. Iyengar, S.S. Patnaik, L.M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering Bangalore University Bangalore India Robotics Research Laboratory Department of Computer Science Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA United States Defence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune India

ISBN: (纸本)9783642227851

Discovering the functions of proteins in living organisms is an important tool for understanding cellular processes. The source data for such analysis are commonly the peptide sequences. Most common algorithms used to compare a pair of nucleotide sequence are Global alignment algorithm (Needleman-Wunch algorithm) or local alignment algorithm (Smith-Waterman algorithm). Analysis of these algorithms show that time complexity required to the above mentioned algorithms is O(mn) and space complexity required is O(mn), where m is size of one sequence and n is size of the other sequence. This is one of the major bottlenecks as most of the sequences are very large. The proposed Coding Region Sequence Analysis(CRSA) algorithm presents a method to reduce both time and space complexity by meaningfully reducing the size of sequences by removing not so significant exons using wavelet transforms. DSP techniques supply a strong basis for regions identification with three-base periodicity. © Springer-Verlag 2011.

关键词： Wavelet transforms

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Persistent Ocean Monitoring with Underwater Gliders: Towards Accurate Reconstruction of Dynamic Ocean Processes

Persistent Ocean Monitoring with Underwater Gliders: Towards...

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2011 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation(2011年IEEE世界机器人与自动化大会 ICRA 2011)

作者： Ryan N. Smith Mac Schwager Daniela Rus Stephen L. Smith Gaurav S. Sukhatme School of Engineering Systems at the Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD4000 Australia GRASP Lab University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Distributed Robotics Lab Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence LaboratoryMassachusetts Insti Robotic Embedded Systems Laboratory Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Southern California

This paper proposes a path planning algorithm and a velocity control algorithm for underwater gliders to persistently monitor a patch of ocean. The algorithms address a pressing need among ocean scientists to collect high-value data for studying ocean events of scientific and environmental interest, such as the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. The path planner optimizes a cost function that blends two competing factors: it maximizes the information value of the path, while minimizing the deviation from the path due to ocean currents. The speed control algorithm then optimizes the speed along the planned path so that higher resolution samples are collected in areas of higher information value. The resulting paths are closed circuits that can be repeatedly traversed to collect long term ocean data in dynamic environments. The algorithms were tested during sea trials on an underwater glider operating off the coast of southern California over the course of several weeks. The results show significant improvements in data resolution and path reliability compared to a sampling path that is typically used in the region.

关键词： Oceans Heuristic algorithms Vehicles Monitoring Sea measurements Vehicle dynamics Read only memory

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Reports of the AAAI 2010 fall symposia

Reports of the AAAI 2010 fall symposia

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作者： Azevedo, Roger Biswas, Gautam Bohus, Dan Carmichael, Ted Finlayson, Mark A. Hadzikadic, Mirsad Havasi, Catherine Horvitz, Eric Kanda, Takayuki Koyejo, Oluwasanmi Lawless, William F. Lenat, Doug Meneguzzi, Felipe Mutlu, Bilge Oh, Jean Pirrone, Roberto Raux, Antoine Sofge, Donald A. Sukthankar, Gita Van Durme, Benjamin Yorke-Smith, Neil Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology McGill University Canada Center for Intelligent Systems Vanderbilt University United States Microsoft Research Redmond United States Department of Software and Information Systems University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Complex Systems Institute United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Media Lab. Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States ATR Intelligent Robotics and Communication Laboratories Kyoto Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin United States Department of Mathematics Paine College Augusta GA United States Cycorp Austin TX United States Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States Department of Computer Sciences University of Wisconsin Madison United States University of Palermo Italy Honda Research Institute United States Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida United States Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University United States American University of Beirut Lebanon SRI International's Artificial Intelligence Center United States

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) presented the 2010 Fall Symposium Series on November 11-13, 2010. The eight symposia included Cognitive and Metacognitive Educational systems, Commonsense Knowledge, Complex Adaptive systems: Resilience, Robustness, and Evolvability, Computational Models of Narrative, Dialog with Robots, Manifold Learning and Its Applications, Proactive Assistant Agents and Quantum Informatics for Cognitive, Social, and Semantic Processes. Cognitive and Metacognitive Educational systems aimed to provide a comprehensive definition of metacognitive educational systems that is inclusive of the theoretical, architectural, and educational aspects of this field. The AAAI Commonsense Knowledge Fall Symposium had the goal of bringing together the diverse elements of this community whose work benefits from or contributes to the representation of general knowledge about the world. One of the specific goals of Proactive symposium was to gather the researchers from various projects in assistant agents to share their wisdom in retrospect.

关键词： Semantics

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Operating characteristics of a passive, bidirectional overrunning clutch for rotary joints of robots

Operating characteristics of a passive, bidirectional overru...

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2011 23rd International Symposium on Information, Communication and Automation Technologies, ICAT 2011

作者： Siedel, Torsten Lukac, Dusko Geppert, Tim Benckendorff, Christian Hild, Manfred Neurorobotics Research Laboratory Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin Unter den Linden 6 10099 Berlin Germany Rheinische Fachhochschule Köln gGmbH Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Vogelsangerstr. 295 50825 Cologne Germany SONY Computer Science Lab. 6 Rue Amyot 75005 Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9781457707469

For the development of robots the mode of assembly and the effectiveness of their joints are of elementary significance. To enable powerful movements, strong torques are required which, when employing electromechanical actuators, are generated by high-capacity motors in combination with adequate speed transformations. Furthermore, such drive systems have to withstand even very high external loads which can be caused by uncontrolled motions, e.g., by stumbling of a humanoid robot. In particular the gears have therefore to be of robust construction. Likewise, the energy efficiency of the drive systems plays a decisive role for the perseverance of robots. The latter underlies a negative impact especially by frictional losses of highly transforming gears. In the present publication a novel design of a clutch is described. It has been developed with the goal to equally meet the requirements both of high energy efficiency and capacitance of robots. Apart from its configuration, this paper mainly deals with the technical performance of the new clutch, especially in combination with the actuator used. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Clutches

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Retinal vessel tortuosity evaluation via Circular Hough Transform

Retinal vessel tortuosity evaluation via Circular Hough Tran...

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Iranian Conference of Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)

作者： Farnoosh Ghadiri HamidReza Pourreza Touka Banaee Morteza Delgir Computer Engineering Department Machine Vision Laboratory Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Iran Computer Engineering Department Machine Vision Laboratory University of Ferdowsi Mashhad Iran Ophthalmic Research Center Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital Medical science University of Mashhad Iran Computer Science Department Robotics Laboratory Northeastern University USA

Retinal vessel tortuosity has shown to be significantly associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. Despite importance of this field a few techniques have been proposed yet. All previous methods rely on a vessel extraction phase, which its accuracy affects final output and also time consuming. Nobility of presented algorithm is to introduce a method for evaluating retinal vessel tortuosity without any explicit vessel detection. We use the Circular Hough Transform (CHT) based on gradient field of the retinal image. Each vessel curve is detected as a semi-circle by Hough transform and tortuosity of the curve is determined with the help of accumulated value of circle center and its radius. As there are no any specific database for tortuosity evaluation, the algorithm was tasted on database consisting of 40 images, mixture of DRIVE database and images from Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital consisting of 40 retinal images, of which 20 were tortuous and 20 were non-tortuous. The proposed algorithm can achieve classification rate of 92% along with less computation time in compare of previous methods.

关键词： Transforms Retinal vessels Classification algorithms Biomedical measurements Biomedical imaging Image segmentation

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