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Color naming reflects both perceptual structure and communicative need

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Zaslavsky, Noga Kemp, Charles Tishby, Naftali Regier, Terry Edmond and Lily Safra Centre for Brain Sciences Hebrew University Jerusalem9190401 Israel Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering Hebrew University Jerusalem9190401 Israel Department of Linguistics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Cognitive Science Program University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States

Gibson et al. (2017) argued that color naming is shaped by patterns of communicative need. In support of this claim, they showed that color naming systems across languages support more precise communication about warm colors than cool colors, and that the objects we talk about tend to be warm-colored rather than cool-colored. Here, we present new analyses that alter this picture. We show that greater communicative precision for warm than for cool colors, and greater communicative need, may both be explained by perceptual structure. However, using an information-theoretic analysis, we also show that color naming across languages bears signs of communicative need beyond what would be predicted by perceptual structure alone. We conclude that color naming is shaped both by perceptual structure, as has traditionally been argued, and by patterns of communicative need, as argued by Gibson et al. - although for reasons other than those they advanced. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Color

TrafficNet: An open naturalistic driving scenario library

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Zhao, Ding Guo, Yaohui Jia, Yunhan Jack Department of Mechanical Engineering Robotics Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Robotics Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

The enormous efforts spent on collecting naturalistic driving data in the recent years has resulted in an expansion of publicly available traffic datasets, which has the potential to assist the development of the self-driving vehicles. However, we found that many of the attempts to utilize these datasets have failed in practice due to a lack of usability concern from the organizations that host these collected data. For example, extracting data associated with certain critical conditions from naturalistic driving data organized in chronological order may not be convenient for a vehicle engineer that doesn’t have big data analytics experiences. To address the general usability challenges of these publicly available traffic datasets, we propose TrafficNet, a large-scale and extensible library of naturalistic driving scenarios, aiming at bridging the gap between research datasets and practically usable information for vehicle engineers and researchers. The proposed web-based driving scenario database preprocesses massive raw traffic data collected in chronological order into an organized scenario-based dataset by applying a set of categorization algorithms to label the naturalistic driving data with six different critical driving scenarios. TrafficNet opens not only the scenario library but also the source code of these categorization methods to the public, which will foster more sophisticated and accurate scenario-based categorization algorithms to advance the intelligent transportation research. The source code and the scenario database can be accessed at https://***/TrafficNet. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vehicles

Development of a swarm UAV simulator integrating realistic motion control models for disaster operations

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Siddiqui, Kazi Tanvir Ahmed Feil-Seifer, David Jiang, Tianyi Jose, Sonu Liu, Siming Louis, Sushil Robotics Research Laboratory Computer Science and Engineering Department University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada89557 United States Evolutionary Computing Systems Lab Computer Science and Engineering Department University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada89557 United States

Simulation environments for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be very useful for prototyping user interfaces and training personnel that will operate UAVs in the real world. The realistic operation of such simulations will only enhance the value of such training. In this paper, we present the integration of a model-based waypoint navigation controller into the Reno Rescue Simulator for the purposes of providing a more realistic user interface in simulated environments. We also present potential uses for such simulations, even for real-world operation of UAVs. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Reference Data Based Insights Expand Understanding of Human Metabolomes

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SSRN

SSRN 2020年

作者： Gauglitz, Julia M. Bittremieux, Wout Williams, Candace L. Weldon, Kelly C. Panitchpakdi, Morgan Di Ottavio, Francesca Aceves, Christine M. Brown, Elizabeth Sikora, Nicole C. Jarmusch, Alan K. Martino, Cameron Tripathi, Anupriya Sayyari, Erfan Shaffer, Justin P. Coras, Roxana Vargas, Fernando DeRight Goldasich, Lindsay Schwartz, Tara Bryant, MacKenzie Humphrey, Gregory Johnson, Abigail J. Spengler, Katharina Belda-Ferre, Pedro Diaz, Edgar McDonald, Daniel Zhu, Qiyun Nguyen, Dominic S. Elijah, Emmanuel O. Wang, Mingxun Marotz, Clarisse Sprecher, Kate E. Robles, Daniela Vargas Withrow, Dana Ackermann, Gail Herrera, Lourdes Bradford, Barry J. Marques, Lucas Maciel Mauriz Amaral, Juliano Geraldo Silva, Rodrigo Moreira Veras, Flávio Protaso Cunha, Thiago Mattar Oliveira, Rene Donizeti Ribeiro Louzada-Junior, Paulo Mills, Robert H. Galasko, Douglas Dulai, Parambir S. Wittenberg, Curt Gonzalez, David J. Terkeltaub, Robert Doty, Megan M. Kim, Jae H. Rhee, Kyung E. Beauchamp-Walters, Julia Wright, Kenneth P. Dominguez-Bello, Maria Gloria Manary, Mark Oliveira, Michelli F. Boland, Brigid S. Lopes, Norberto Peporine Guma, Monica Swafford, Austin D. Dutton, Rachel J. Knight, Rob Dorrestein, Pieter C. Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Computer Science University of Antwerp Antwerpen2020 Belgium Reproductive Sciences Institute for Conservation Research San Diego Zoo Global EscondidoCA92027 United States Center for Microbiome Innovation Joan and Irwin Jacobs School of Engineering University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Division of Rheumatology Allergy & Immunology Department of Medicine University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States BioTechnology Institute University of Minnesota Saint PaulMN55108 United States Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Population Health Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53726 United States Servicio Autónomo Centro Amazónico de Investigación y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales Simón Bolívar Amazonas Puerto Ayacucho7101 Venezuela Department of Pediatrics Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston-SalemNC27101 United States Department of Animal Science Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases University of Sao Paulo SP Ribeirao PretoCEP 14049-900 - Brazil Multidisciplinary Health Institute Federal University of Bahia BA Vitória da Conquista45029094 Brazil NPPNS Department of Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmaceutica

The human metabolome has remained largely unknown, with most studies annotating ~10% of features. In nucleic acid sequencing, annotating transcripts by source has proven essential for understanding gene function. Here we generalize this concept to stool, plasma, urine and other human metabolomes, discovering that food-based annotations increase the interpreted fraction of molecular features 7-fold, providing a general framework for expanding the interpretability of human metabolomic "dark matter." © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nucleic acids

Erratum to 'Relation Between Mitral Valve Prolapse and Erectile Dysfunction (from a Nationwide Case-Control Study)': The American Journal of Cardiology 2019 Nov 15;124(10):1590-1593./ doi: 10.1016/***.2019.08.010

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The American journal of cardiology 2021年 142卷 161页

作者： Shiu-Dong Chung Ju-Chi Liu Tsai-Ning Lou Ben-Chang Shia Herng-Ching Lin Li-Ting Kao Division of Urology Department of Surgery Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics College of Informatics Yuan-Ze University Chung-Li Taiwan Sleep Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Medicine Medical University Hospital-Shuang Ho Hospital TaipeiTaiwan. School of Health Care Administration Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Big Data Research Center Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Sleep Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan School of Health Care Administration Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Life Sciences National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Department of Pharmacy Practice Tri-Service General Hospital Taipei Taiwan School of Pharmacy National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan.. Electronic address: kaoliting@***.

FBG-based control of a continuum manipulator interacting with obstacles

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Sefati, Shahriar Murphy, Ryan J. Alambeigi, Farshid Pozin, Michael Iordachita, Iulian Taylor, Russell H. Armand, Mehran Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD United States Auris Health Inc. Redwood CityCA United States

Tracking and controlling the shape of continuum dexterous manipulators (CDM) in constraint environments is a challenging task. The imposed constraints and interaction with unknown obstacles may conform the CDM's shape and therefore demands for shape sensing methods which do not rely on direct line of sight. To address these issues, we integrate a novel Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) shape sensing unit into a CDM, reconstruct the shape in real-time, and develop an optimization-based control algorithm using FBG tip position feedback. The CDM is designed for less-invasive treatment of osteolysis (bone degradation). To evaluate the performance of the feedback control algorithm when the CDM interacts with obstacles, we perform a set of experiments similar to the real scenario of the CDM interaction with soft and hard lesions during the treatment of osteolysis. In addition, we propose methods for identification of the CDM collisions with soft or hard obstacles using the jacobian information. Results demonstrate successful control of the CDM tip based on the FBG feedback and indicate repeatability and robustness of the proposed method when interacting with unknown obstacles. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

Single-photon embedded eigenstates in coupled cavity-atom systems

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Cotrufo, Michele Alù, Andrea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York NY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York NY10016 United States Department of Electrical Engineering City College of The City University of New York NY10031 United States

Confining light in open structures is a long-sought goal in nanophotonics and cavity quantum electrodynamics. Embedded eigenstates provide infinite lifetime despite the presence of available leakage channels, but in linear time-invariant systems they cannot be excited from the outside, due to reciprocity. Here, we investigate how atomic nonlinearities may support single-photon embedded eigenstates, which can be populated by a multi-photon excitation followed by internal relaxation. We calculate the system dynamics and show that photon trapping, as well as the reverse release process, can be achieved with arbitrarily high efficiencies. We also discuss the impact of loss, and a path towards the experimental verification of these concepts. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Particle beams

Bardic: Generating Multimedia Narrative Reports for Game Logs

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Bardic: Generating Multimedia Narrative Reports for Game Log...

Workshops of the 13th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, AIIDE 2017

作者： Barot, Camille Branon, Michael Cardona-Rivera, Rogelio E. Eger, Markus Glatz, Michelle Green, Nancy Mattice, James Potts, Colin M. Robertson, Justus Shukonobe, Makiko Tateosian, Laura Thorne, Brandon R. Young, R. Michael Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States Center for Spacial Analytics North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States School of Computing The Entertainment Arts and Engineering Program Salt Lake CityUT United States Department of Computer Science UNC Greensboro GreensboroNC United States

In this paper we present the system called Bardic, which was developed over three years as the core technology in the Narrative for Sensemaking project, an effort to automatically generate narrative from low-level event data as an aid for sense making. At its core, Bardic is a narrative report generator that uses a logic-based language to represent a story based on event/activity logs. Bardic generates different types of narrative discourse designed to convey different aspects of the underlying data. The system consists of a Unity application that allows users to explore generated stories and select parts of the stories to analyze in detail. In addition to its narrative generation capabilities, the application provides visualization and query capabilities. In this paper we provide screen shots of the application in use, show examples of narrative output produced by Bardic, detail how Bardic generates its output, and discuss the current system's capabilities and limitations. Copyright © 2017, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Report generators

Functional annotation of chemical libraries across diverse biological processes (vol 13, pg 982, 2017)

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NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY 2017年第12期13卷 1286-1286页

作者： Piotrowski, Jeff S. Li, Sheena C. Deshpande, Raamesh Simpkins, Scott W. Nelson, Justin Yashiroda, Yoko Barber, Jacqueline M. Safizadeh, Hamid Wilson, Erin Okada, Hiroki Gebre, Abraham A. Kubo, Karen Torres, Nikko P. LeBlanc, Marissa A. Andrusiak, Kerry Okamoto, Reika Yoshimura, Mami DeRango-Adem, Eva van Leeuwen, Jolanda Shirahige, Katsuhiko Baryshnikova, Anastasia Brown, Grant W. Hirano, Hiroyuki Costanzo, Michael Andrews, Brenda Ohya, Yoshikazu Osada, Hiroyuki Yoshida, Minoru Myers, Chad L. Boone, Charles RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Wako Saitama Japan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA Department of Integrated Biosciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba Japan Donnelly Centre University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences Center for Epigenetic Disease University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada.

Chemical-genetic approaches offer the potential for unbiased functional annotation of chemical libraries. Mutations can alter the response of cells in the presence of a compound, revealing chemical-genetic interactions that can elucidate a compound’s mode of action. We developed a highly parallel, unbiased yeast chemical-genetic screening system involving three key components. First, in a drug-sensitive genetic background, we constructed an optimized diagnostic mutant collection that is predictive for all major yeast biological processes. Second, we implemented a multiplexed (768-plex) barcode-sequencing protocol, enabling the assembly of thousands of chemical-genetic profiles. Finally, based on comparison of the chemical-genetic profiles with a compendium of genome-wide genetic interaction profiles, we predicted compound functionality. Applying this high-throughput approach, we screened seven different compound libraries and annotated their functional diversity. We further validated biological process predictions, prioritized a diverse set of compounds, and identified compounds that appear to have dual modes of action.

关键词： Chemical genetics High-throughput screening Networks and systems biology Target identification