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Frontiers in Optics + Laser science 2023, FiO, LS 203: Part of Frontiers in Optics + Laser science 2023

作者： Zhu, Chen Huang, Jie Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311100 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO65409 United States

A simple yet new sensing method for measurements of refractive index based on microwave-photonic hybrid optical fiber interferometers (optically coherent and incoherent) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. &#... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171296

关键词： Fabry Perot interferometers Fiber optic couplers Index measurements Long period fiber gratings Optical fibers Tilted fiber Bragg gratings

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Deep Learning-Based Non-Intrusive Multi-Objective Speech Assessment Model with Cross-Domain Features

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IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing 2023年 31卷 54-70页

作者： Zezario, Ryandhimas E. Fu, Szu-Wei Chen, Fei Fuh, Chiou-Shann Wang, Hsin-Min Tsao, Yu National Taiwan University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei10617 Taiwan Academia Sinica Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Taipei115024 Taiwan Microsoft VancouverBCV6B 5C6 Canada Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shenzhen518055 China Academia Sinica Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Taipei11529 Taiwan Chung Yuan Christian University Jointly Appointed Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering Taoyuan32023 Taiwan

This study proposes a cross-domain multi-objective speech assessment model, called MOSA-Net, which can simultaneously estimate the speech quality, intelligibility, and distortion assessment scores of an input speech signal. MOSA-Net comprises a convolutional neural network and bidirectional long short-Term memory architecture for representation extraction, and a multiplicative attention layer and a fully connected layer for each assessment metric prediction. Additionally, cross-domain features (spectral and time-domain features) and latent representations from self-supervised learned (SSL) models are used as inputs to combine rich acoustic information to obtain more accurate assessments. Experimental results show that in both seen and unseen noise environments, MOSA-Net can improve the linear correlation coefficient (LCC) scores in perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) prediction, compared to Quality-Net, an existing single-Task model for PESQ prediction, and improve LCC scores in short-Time objective intelligibility (STOI) prediction, compared to STOI-Net, an existing single-Task model for STOI prediction. Moreover, MOSA-Net can be used as a pre-Trained model to be effectively adapted to an assessment model for predicting subjective quality and intelligibility scores with a limited amount of training data. Experimental results show that MOSA-Net can improve LCC scores in mean opinion score (MOS) predictions, compared to MOS-SSL, a strong single-Task model for MOS prediction. We further adopt the latent representations of MOSA-Net to guide the speech enhancement (SE) process and derive a quality-intelligibility (QI)-Aware SE (QIA-SE) approach. Experimental results show that QIA-SE outperforms the baseline SE system with improved PESQ scores in both seen and unseen noise environments over a baseline SE model. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Speech enhancement

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Soft,full Wheatstone bridge 3D pressure sensors for cardiovascular monitoring

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npj Flexible Electronics 2024年第1期8卷 910-917页

作者： Yoonseok Park Haiwen Luan Kyeongha Kwon Ted S.Chung Seyong Oh Jae-Young Yoo Gooyoon Chung Junha Kim Suhyeon Kim Sung Soo Kwak Junhwan Choi Hoang-Phuong Phan Seonggwang Yoo Hyoyoung Jeong Jaeho Shin Sang Min Won Hong-Joon Yoon Yei Hwan Jung John A.Rogers Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics Integrated Education Institute for Frontier Science&Technology(BK21 Four)Kyung Hee UniversityYongin-siGyeonggi-do 17104Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Division of Electrical Engineering Hanyang University ERICAAnsan 15588Republic of Korea Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Biomedical Research Division Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Dankook UniversityYonginGyeonggi-do 16890Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Tyree Institute of Health EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics Northwestern University EvanstonEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnamsiGyeonggi-do 13120Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Biomedical EngineeringNeurological SurgeryChemistryMechanical EngineeringElectrical Engineering and Computer Science Simpson Querrey Institute and Feinberg Medical SchoolCenter for Bio-Integrated ElectronicsNorthwestern University EvanstonEvanstonIL 60208USA

Variations in parameters associated with the ambient environment can introduce noise in soft,body-worn *** example,many piezoresistive pressure sensors exhibit a high degree of sensitivity to fluctuations in temperature,thereby requiring active compensation *** research presented here addresses this challenge with a multilayered 3D microsystem design that integrates four piezoresistive sensors in a full-Wheatstone bridge *** optimized layout of the sensors relative to the neutral mechanical plane leads to both an insensitivity to temperature and an increased sensitivity to pressure,relative to previously reported devices that rely on similar operating *** this 3D pressure sensor into a soft,flexible electronics platform yields a system capable of real-time,wireless measurements from the surface of the *** above the radial and carotid arteries yields high-quality waveforms associated with pulsatile blood flow,with quantitative correlations to blood *** results establish the materials and engineering aspects of a technology with broad potential in remote health monitoring.

关键词： Wheat bridge thereby

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External-Wrench Estimation for Aerial Robots Exploiting a Learned Model

External-Wrench Estimation for Aerial Robots Exploiting a Le...

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International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)

作者： Ayham Alharbat Gabriele Ruscelli Roberto Diversi Abeje Mersha Smart Mechatronics and Robotics research group Saxion University of Applied Science Enschede The Netherlands Robotics and Mechatronics research group Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics & Computer Science University of Twente Enschede The Netherlands Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering University of Bologna Bologna Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798331513283

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513290

This paper presents an external wrench estimator that uses a hybrid dynamics model consisting of a firstprinciples model and a neural network. This framework addresses one of the limitations of the state-of-the-art modelbased wrench observers: the wrench estimation of these observers comprises the external wrench (e.g. collision, physical interaction, wind); in addition to residual wrench (e.g. model parameters uncertainty or unmodeled dynamics). This is a problem if these wrench estimations are to be used as wrench feedback to a force controller, for example. In the proposed framework, a neural network is combined with a first-principles model to estimate the residual dynamics arising from unmodeled dynamics and parameters uncertainties, then, the hybrid trained model is used to estimate the external wrench, leading to a wrench estimation that has smaller contributions from the residual dynamics, and affected more by the external wrench. This method is validated with numerical simulations of an aerial robot in different flying scenarios and different types of residual dynamics, and the statistical analysis of the results shows that the wrench estimation error has improved significantly compared to a model-based wrench observer using only a firstprinciples model.

关键词： Uncertain systems Analytical models Statistical analysis Atmospheric modeling Dynamics Neural networks Observers Autonomous aerial vehicles Numerical simulation Numerical models

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Real-time behavior recognition of animal: an IoT-based system design using acceleration data

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-26页

作者： Tran, Duc-Nghia Manh, Do Viet Van Thanh, Pham Shankar, A. Achyut Joshi, Kireet Tran, Duc-Tan Institute of Information Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Viet Nam University of Fire Prevention and Fighting Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Department of Cyber Systems Engineering WMG University of Warwick CoventryCV74AL United Kingdom Department of CSE University Centre for Research & ampDevelopment Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India School of Computer Science Engineering Lovely Professional University Punjab Phagwara144411 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be University Dehradun248002 India Center of Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Punjab Chandigarh India Department of Computer Science & amp Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be University Uttarakhand Dehradun248002 India Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Phenikaa University Hanoi12116 Viet Nam

By analyzing large amounts of animal behavior data, humans can assess cattle’s condition. It leads to research and development a field using accelerometers and machine learning algorithms to ‘study’ behavior from acceleration data. It is challenging to analyze animal behavior due to the activity complexity. For example, acceleration data of some cow behaviors (e.g., feeding and standing) are similar if these behaviors contain similar gestures. In practical, real-time applications even bring more challenging since it is necessary to minimize a data window for behavior consideration. Using short data window often reduces the performance of classification algorithms. This study proposes a new solution for the mentioned challenges by combining neck-mounted and leg-mounted accelerometers, then using the vector of the dynamic body acceleration (VeDBA) and Mean features of synchronized acceleration data for the Decision Tree algorithm. The proposed method is demonstrated that performs well (0.94 accuracy, 0.91 sensitivity, 0.90 positive predictive value) within a low computational complexity algorithm and short data window (3-second data window, at the rate of one sample per second). It is particularly suited for the case of a real-time IoT-based system. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Accelerometers

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SELF-Clustering Graph Transformer Approach to Model Resting State Functional Brain Activity 22

SELF-Clustering Graph Transformer Approach to Model Resting ...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, ISBI 2025

作者： Thapaliya, Bishal Akbas, Esra Sapkota, Ram Ray, Bhaskar Calhoun, Vince Liu, Jingyu Georgia State University Department of Computer Science Atlanta United States Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520526

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) offers valuable insights into the human brain's functional organization and is a powerful tool for investigating the relationship between brain function and cognitive processes as it allows for the functional organization of the brain to be captured without relying on a specific task or stimuli. In this study, we introduce a novel attention mechanism for graphs with subnetworks, named Self Clustering Graph Transformer (SCGT), designed to handle the issue of uniform node updates in graph transformers. By using static functional connectivity (FC) correlation features as input to the transformer model, SCGT effectively captures the sub-network structure of the brain by performing cluster-specific updates to the nodes unlike uniform node updates like vanilla graph transformers, further allowing us to learn and interpret the sub clusters. We validate our approach on the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset, comprising 7,957 participants, for the prediction of total cognitive score and gender classification. Our results demonstrate that SCGT outperforms the vanilla graph transformer method, and other recent models, offering a promising tool for modeling brain functional connectivity and interpreting the underlying subnetwork structures. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Brain mapping

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Optical Fiber Curvature Sensor With High Sensitivity and a Broad Dynamic Range Enabled by Machine Learning

Optical Fiber Curvature Sensor With High Sensitivity and a B...

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Frontiers in Optics + Laser science 2023, FiO, LS 203: Part of Frontiers in Optics + Laser science 2023

An optical fiber curvature sensor based on a no-core fiber (NCF) cascaded with a hollow-core fiber (HCF), realizing simultaneously high sensitivity and a broad dynamic range with the assistance of machine learning ana... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171296

关键词： Curvature sensors Fiber Bragg gratings Fiber optic sensors Long period fiber gratings Machine learning Optical fibers

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Boosting Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Growth by Hydrogen-Free Ramping during Chemical Vapor Deposition

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Nano Letters 2024年第27期24卷 8277-8286页

作者： Liu, Hongwei Zhang, Tianyi Wu, Peng Lee, Hae Won Liu, Zhenjing Tang, Tsz Wing Tang, Shin-Yi Kang, Ting Park, Ji-Hoon Wang, Jun Zhang, Kenan Zheng, Xudong Peng, Yu-Ren Chueh, Yu-Lun Liu, Yuan Palacios, Tomás Kong, Jing Luo, Zhengtang Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon999077 Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha410082 China

The controlled vapor-phase synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is essential for functional applications. While chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques have been successful for transition metal sulfides, extending these methods to selenides and tellurides often faces challenges due to uncertain roles of hydrogen (H2) in their synthesis. Using CVD growth of MoSe2 as an example, this study illustrates the role of a H2-free environment during temperature ramping in suppressing the reduction of MoO3, which promotes effective vaporization and selenization of the Mo precursor to form MoSe2 monolayers with excellent crystal quality. As-synthesized MoSe2 monolayer-based field-effect transistors show excellent carrier mobility of up to 20.9 cm2/(V·s) with an on-off ratio of 7 × 107. This approach can be extended to other TMDs, such as WSe2, MoTe2, and MoSe2/WSe2 in-plane heterostructures. Our work provides a rational and facile approach to reproducibly synthesize high-quality TMD monolayers, facilitating their translation from laboratory to manufacturing. © 2024 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Monolayers

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Generative Neural Net for Spatial Concept-To-Image

Generative Neural Net for Spatial Concept-To-Image

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2023 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop, AIPR 2023

作者： Young, Brendan Anderson, Derek T. Keller, James M. Petry, Fred Michael, Chris J. University of Missouri Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department ColumbiaMO United States Stennis Space Center MS U.S. Naval Research Laboratory United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359527

Numerous artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, such as generative AI (GAI), large language models (LLM) and text-To-image networks, necessitate spatial intelligence for effective operation. Yet, a prevailing ideology embedded in contemporary solutions is their inclination to strictly adhere to a data-driven approach when addressing spatial learning. This viewpoint leads to opaque solutions, aka "black boxes", and it presupposes that the intricacies of spatial reasoning will effortlessly surface as an inherent byproduct of extensive data exposure. This simplistic reliance on data overlooks the wealth of established psychology and mathematics governing spatial relations and their inherent uncertainties. In this article, we delve into neural networks and learning strategies for incorporating well-established spatial relations mathematics into an effective and explainable GAI. Specifically, we showcase how to translate abstract concepts, expressed as sets of spatial relations, into visual imagery. This resulting imagery can be immediately used or passed on as a spatial prior to a larger and more sophisticated GAI. We present two synthetic use cases wherein spatial concepts materialize as intricate arrangements of multi-part colored geometric primitives, undergoing a spectrum of diverse planar affine transformations. Our exploration is categorized into two dimensions: discerning spatial placements (aka the "where") and shape depiction (aka the "what"). Overall, we've noted a strength in our proposed neural networks in discerning spatial placements. However, while our nets also exhibit a competence in determining "what"to depict, we recognize the necessity for additional fine-Tuning to achieving visual imagery consistent with state-of-The-Art works like DALL-E and stable diffusion. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Abstracting

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Impact of Data Variety on Physics-informed Neural Network Lens Design 8

Impact of Data Variety on Physics-informed Neural Network Le...

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Advanced Optics for Imaging Applications: UV through LWIR VIII 2023

作者： Lindsay, Marshall B. Kovaleski, Scott D. Varner, Andy G. Veal, Charlie Weber, Justice Anderson, Derek T. Price, Stanton R. Price, Steven R. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Missouri ColumbiaMO United States U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center VicksburgMS United States

ISBN: (数字)9781510661752

ISBN: (纸本)9781510661745

The application of neural networks in optical component design has witnessed rapid growth in recent years. This design framework encodes the numerical simulation of optical wave propagation and material wave modulation directly within neural network layers, enabling the optimization of physical quantities, such as transmissivity values of diffractive optical elements, through gradient descent and backpropagation algorithms. Physics-informed neural networks have been employed in designing diffractive deep neural networks, optimizing holograms for near-eye displays and creating multi-objective traditional optics. However, there remains a lack of evaluation for training parameters, and discrete sampling considerations are often overlooked. To address these gaps, this study examines the impact of dataset variety on physics-informed neural networks in optimizing lenses that either satisfy or violate the Nyquist sampling criteria. Results show that increased data variety enhances optimized lens performance across all cases. Optimized lenses demonstrate improved imaging performance by reducing diffraction orders present in aliased analytical lenses. Moreover, we reveal that low data variety leads to overfit lenses that function as selective imagers, providing valuable insights for future lens design and optimization. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Optimization

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