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A Triethyleneglycol C60 Mono-adduct Derivative for Efficient Electron Transport in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第4期41卷 431-442页

作者： Azhar Fakharuddin Konstantina-Kalliopi Armadorou Leandros P.Zorba Marinos Tountas Tobias Seewald Anastasia Soultati Polychronis Tsipas Emilia R.Schütz Nikolaos Tzoganakis Stylianos Panagiotakis Konstantina Yannakopoulou Athanasios Dimoulas Vassilis Psycharis Emmanuel Kymakis Abd Rashid bin Mohd Yusoff Konstantinos Aidinis Lukas Schmidt-Mende Georgios C.Vougioukalakis Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin Maria Vasilopoulou Department of Physics University of Konstanz78457 KonstanzGermany Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology National Center for Scientific Research DemokritosAgia Paraskevi15341 AthensGreece Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens15771 AthensGreece Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityEstavromenosHeraklionGR-71410 CreteGreece Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangGyeongbuk37673 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ajman UniversityP.O.Box 346AjmanUnited Arab Emirates Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research AjmanUnited Arab Emirates Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Rue de l'Industrie 17CH-1951 SionSwitzerland

Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have attracted increasing attention in recent years owing to their low-temperature fabrication proces ***,they suffer from a limited number of electron transport materials available with[6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM)to be the most widely studied based on its appropriate energy levels and high electron *** low relative permittivity and aggregation tendency upon illumination of PCBM,however,compromises the solar cell efficiency whereas its modest hydrophobicity negatively impacts on the device *** electron transport materials with desired properties and appropriate degree of hydrophobicity are thus desirable for further developments in inverted ***,we synthesize a triethyleneglycol C60 mono-adduct derivative(termed as EPF03)and test it as a novel electron transport material to replace PCBM in inverted PSCs based on a quadruple cation(RbCsMAFA)*** also compare this derivative with two novel fullerenes decorated with two(EPF01)or one dodecyl(EPF02)long side *** latter two fail to perform efficiently in inverted PSCs whereas the former enabled a power conversion efficiency of 18.43%,which represents a 9%improvement compared to the reference device using PCBM(17.21%).The enhanced performance mainly stems from improved electron extraction and reduced recombination enabled by the insertion of the large relative permittivity amongst other properties of ***,our results indicate that triethylene glycol side chains can also passivate perovskite trap states,suppress ion migration and enhance photostability and long-term stability of EPF03 based perovskite solar cells.

关键词： Electron transport layer Defect passivation Biexponential trap flling Charge transfer Fullerenes

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Molecular architecture of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

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Protein & Cell 2025年第1期16卷 72-78页

作者： Maofei Chen Yutong Song Sensen Zhang Yitang Zhang Xudong Chen Minghui Zhang Meng Han Xin Gao Sai Li Maojun Yang Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological StructureSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen 518060China Protein Research Technology Center Protein Chemistry and Omics PlatformSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Computer Science Program ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Cryo-EM Facility Center Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Beijing Life Science Academy Beijing 102209China

Dear Editor,Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex(PDHc) is a large multienzyme assembly(Mr = 4–10 million Daltons) consisting of three essential components: pyruvate dehydrogenase(E1p), dihydrolipoyl transacetylase(E2p), and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase(E3). These three enzymes perform distinct functions sequentially to catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate with formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH) and acetyl-coenzyme A(Patel and Roche, 1990).

关键词： sequentially oxidative Dalton

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CHAN: Cross-Modal Hybrid Attention Network for Temporal Language Grounding in Videos

CHAN: Cross-Modal Hybrid Attention Network for Temporal Lang...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Wen Wang Ling Zhong Guang Gao Minhong Wan Jason Gu Zhejiang Lab Research Center for Intelligent Robotics China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dalhousie University Canada

The goal of temporal language grounding (TLG) task is to temporally localize the most semantically matched video segment with respect to a given sentence query in an untrimmed video. How to effectively incorporate the cross-modal interactions between video and language is the key to improve grounding performance. Previous approaches focus on learning correlations by computing the attention matrix between each frame-word pair, while ignoring the global semantics conditioned on one modality for better associating the complex video contents and sentence query of the target modality. In this paper, we propose a novel Cross-modal Hybrid Attention Network, which integrates two parallel attention fusion modules to exploit the semantics of each modality and interactions in cross modalities. One is Intra-Modal Attention Fusion, which utilizes gated self-attention to capture the frame-by-frame and word-by-word relations conditioned on the other modality. The other is Inter-Modal Attention Fusion, which utilizes query and key features derived from different modalities to calculate the co-attention weights and further promote inter-modal fusion. Experimental results show that our CHAN significantly outperforms several existing state-of-the-arts on three challenging datasets (ActivityNet Captions, Charades-STA and TACOS), demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed method.

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Igniting Precision: Amplifying Wildfire Prediction in Diverse Regions via Teacher-Student Model Fusion 22

Igniting Precision: Amplifying Wildfire Prediction in Divers...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2023

作者： Lindemann, Michael Demichele, Kathleen Kapourchali, Masoumeh Heidari Kapourchali, Mohammad Heidari Waigl, Christine Trochim, Erin Zhao, Long University of Alaska Anchorage Department of Computer Science and Engineering AnchorageAK United States University of Alaska Anchorage Department of Electrical Engineering AnchorageAK United States Alaska Center for Energy and Power University of Alaska Fairbanks FairbanksAK United States International Arctic Research Center University of Alaska Fairbanks FairbanksAK United States South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345346

Accurate wildfire prediction in diverse and geographically dispersed areas is crucial for effective wildfire management. However, the limited availability of labeled data in data-challenged regions, along with the unique characteristics of these areas, poses challenges for training robust prediction models. This study investigates the performance of a convolutional neural network (CNN) on datasets comprising Landsat images from Canada and Alaska. Through principal component analysis (PCA), the study uncovers distinct differences in data distribution between the two regions. It is observed that the reduced data size of the Alaskan dataset, along with its distinct data distribution, leads to a decrease in the CNN's accuracy to 75% compared to an impressive 98% achieved on the Canadian dataset. To address this limitation, we propose a teacher-student model approach, transferring knowledge from a CNN trained on the larger Canadian dataset. The results demonstrate a significant accuracy improvement to 88.96% on the Alaskan dataset. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of the teacherstudent model in mitigating data scarcity challenges, enhancing wildfire prediction capabilities in regions with limited training data. This research contributes to improved wildfire monitoring and prevention strategies in challenging geographical locations. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： knowledge transfer Landsat remote sensing teacher-student wildfire prediction

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Perception Robustness Testing at Different Levels of Generality

Field Robotics

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Field robotics 2025年 1卷 253-286页

作者： Zachary Pezzementi Trenton Tabor Jonathan K. Chang Carter Tiernan Bill Drozd Eric Sample Chris Hazard Michael Wagner Philip Koopman National Robotics Engineering Center (NREC) Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA Edge Case Research LLC Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA

Ensuring the success and safety of deployed robotic systems often requires predicting their behavior in a wide range of conditions, precluding practical testing of the physical system itself. We introduce an approach to predict the robustness of a perception system in a broad range of conditions through simulation of challenging real-world conditions achieved by modifying real images according to physical phenomena, producing physically-realistic, mutated images. Typical perception-system performance metrics are difficult to relate to system-level application- or safety-requirements. We propose performance-evaluating metrics that are more closely tied to these targets, a relationship dependent on the amount of application-specific context available and assumptions imposed. We also introduce a novel robustness metric, Robustness ROC, that can be applied to any of these performance metrics. We demonstrate this method on NREC-AgPD, a large dataset focused on person detection for off-road driving in orchard environments, assessing several recent person detectors, and showing how considerations of robustness can often change the best-choice algorithm.

关键词： Robustness Robots Measurement Training Market research Three-dimensional printing Snow Object detection MCDM Detectors

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Structural and optical analyses for InGaN-based red micro-LED

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Discover Nano 2023年第1期18卷 1-13页

作者： Hsiao, Fu-He Miao, Wen-Chien Hong, Yu-Heng Chiang, Hsin Ho, I-Hung Liang, Kai-Bo Iida, Daisuke Lin, Chun-Liang Ahn, Hyeyoung Ohkawa, Kazuhiro Chang, Chiao-Yun Kuo, Hao-Chung Semiconductor Research Center Hon Hai Research Institute Taipei11492 Taiwan Department of Electrophysics College of Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Thuwal23955 6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202301 Taiwan

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the structural and optical properties of an InGaN-based red micro-LED with a high density of V-shaped pits, offering insights for enhancing emission efficiency. The presence of V-shaped pits is considered advantageous in reducing non-radiative recombination. Furthermore, to systematically investigate the properties of localized states, we conducted temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL). The results of PL measurements indicate that deep localization in the red double quantum wells can limit carrier escape and improve radiation efficiency. Through a detailed analysis of these results, we extensively investigated the direct impact of epitaxial growth on the efficiency of InGaN red micro-LEDs, thereby laying the foundation for improving efficiency in InGaN-based red micro-LEDs. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Photoluminescence

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Convergent effects of peptides on the initiation of feeding motor programs in the mollusk Aplysia

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Journal of Neurophysiology 2025年第5期133卷 1368-1379页

作者： Evans, Colin G. Barry, Michael A. Reaver, Carrie N. Patel, Paras R. Chestek, Cynthia A. Perkins, Matthew H. Jing, Jian Cropper, Elizabeth C. Department of Neuroscience Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Neurosciences Program Robotics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute for Brain Sciences Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology Advanced Institute for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China

Neuropeptides configure the feeding network of Aplysia. For example, egestive activity is promoted by small cardioactive peptide (SCP), and ingestive activity is promoted by a combination of feeding circuit activating peptide (FCAP) and cerebral peptide 2 (CP-2). In addition, SCP and FCAP/CP-2 have a common network effect that does not contribute to motor program specification. They increase the excitability of an interneuron, B63. In this report, we further characterized the effects of peptides on B63. We performed voltage-clamp experiments and used a step protocol to look at steady-state currents. We found that SCP and FCAP/CP-2 both induced an inward current that was virtually absent in low-sodium saline. Previous work has established that B63 is unusual in the feeding circuit in that subthreshold depolarizations are autonomously generated that can trigger motor programs. Here, we show that this autonomous activity is more frequent in the presence of peptides. Previous studies have also shown that activity of the feeding central pattern generator (CPG) can be initiated by neurons that excite B63, e.g., by cerebral buccal interneuron 2 (CBI-2), a projection neuron that triggers biting-like motor programs. Here, we show that the latency of CBI-2-induced activity is decreased by stimulation of the esophageal nerve (EN) (which releases endogenous SCP). These results, taken together with previous results, indicate that peptides that act divergently to configure network activity additionally act convergently to promote motor program induction. We present data that suggest that this arrangement facilitates brief switches between ingestive and egestive motor activity. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： central pattern generator invertebrate modulation motor program neuropeptide

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Optimization of 3D Holographic Projection for a Medical Image System using Taguchi Method and Fuzzy Inference System

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Journal of Imaging science and Technology 2023年第4期67卷 1-7页

作者： Chou, Ming-Chung Huang, Tian-Hsiang Tsai, Jinn-Tsong Chen, Yen-Ming J. Hwang, Kao-Shing Huang, Wei-Tai Ho, Wen-Hsien Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Center for Big Data Research Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Penghu University of Science and Technology Penghu Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence National Pingtung University Pingtung Taiwan Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Information Management National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung Taiwan College of Professional Studies National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung Taiwan

Two dimensional projections of three dimensional (3D) objects are used to teach anatomy. These projections are relatively unrealistic, and medical students cannot easily and accurately grasp the position and shape of each anatomical structure. As a remedy, 3D holographic projections allow for 3D anatomical structures to be projected in space without the use of worn contraptions. This study designed a method for optimizing 3D holographic projections with respect to the quality characteristics of 3D imaging definition and stereoscopic quality. The Taguchi method was used to determine the factors that most greatly influenced these quality characteristics, and the Delphi method and fuzzy theory were used to quantify image quality. Among three main factors of material of the projection panel, thickness of the projection panel, and angle made by the projection panel with the horizontal plane, thickness was the most influential. The optimal combination of factors was acrylic material, a thickness of 1 mm, and an angle of 45°. This paper's method aids medical pedagogy and can be used by the holographic projection manufacturing industry to optimize 3D imaging definition and stereoscopic quality. © 2023 Society for Imaging science and Technology.

关键词： Taguchi methods

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Computational Geometry and Image-Based Modeling 15

Computational Geometry and Image-Based Modeling

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15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024

作者： Srikantha, H. Mishra, V.A. Vijayalakshmi, V.J. Punia, Ankit Bhuvaneswari, S. Goyal, Prakhar School of Engineering and Technology Civil Engineering Karnataka Bangalore India Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Computer Engg Pune India Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Coimbatore India Chitkara University Centre of Research Impact and Outcome Punjab Rajpura140417 India Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Quantum University Research Center Quantum University India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370249

Computational Geometry and picture-based Modeling are methods of reading and visualizing gadgets in three-dimensional space. These techniques are used to generate correct 3-D models of gadgets by taking pictures a huge number of photographs of the object from one-of-a-kind angles and then using algorithms and software programs to create a three-D version. Computational Geometry techniques permit the automated extraction of spatial features, which includes edges and vertices from photos, at the same time as photograph-based Modeling makes use of identical techniques to provide a 3-D model from a set of 2D pics. The resulting 3D version faithfully reproduces the details of the object's shape. It might provide an expansion of beneficial records inclusive of the distance between factors, floor area, volume, and relative positioning of objects. Furthermore, these strategies can be used to exactly overlay three-D fashions on the second pix, taking into consideration higher interpretation and evaluation of physical objects. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Computational Faithfully Geometry Inclusive Modeling Visualizing

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Cryptanalysis of DBST, a lightweight block cipher

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第4期18卷 219-221页

作者： Sadegh SADEGHI Nasour BAGHERI Department of Mathematics Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences(IASBS)Zanjan 45137-66731Iran Research Center for Basic Sciences and Modern Technologies(RBST) Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences(IASBS)Zanjan 45137-66731Iran Electrical Engineering Department Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training UniversityTehran 16788-15811Iran School of Computer Science(SCS) Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences(IPM)Tehran 19395-5531Iran

1 Introduction Conventional cryptographic primitives are not suitable for resource-constrained ***,numerous lightweight primitives have been proposed over the past decade,specifically tailored for such ***,such ciphers would not be used in a real-world application unless they were thoroughly tested for security against existing *** this direction,DBST[1]cipher has been recently proposed by Yan et *** balance security,cost,and efficiency,DBST has implemented a novel 4-branch generalized Feistel variant *** this structure,a 2-branch XOR operation has been incorporated in the middle section,establishing interconnections between all *** the other hand,by leveraging the bit-slice technique and subkeys,the algorithm introduces an innovative approach to constructing a dynamic S-box *** designers of DBST cipher have extensively investigated its resistance to known attacks such as linear and differential cryptanalysis,as well as impossible differential cryptanalysis,among *** them,the objective of differential cryptanalysis[2]is to identify high-probability characteristics in the plaintext that are transmitted to the ciphertext,known as distinguishers.

关键词： structure. primitive branch

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