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Energy Efficiency Optimization for Full-Duplex D2D Communications Underlaying Distributed Antenna Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking

IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking 2024年

作者： Liu, Zhan Liao, Zhiyuan Li, Chunquan Zhang, Zhijun Yu, Junzhi Liu, P.X. Hunan University of Humanities Science and Technology School of Information Loudi417000 China Nanchang University School of Information Engineering Nanchang330031 China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Systems and Human-Machine Interaction Nanchang330031 China South China University of Technology School of Automation Science and Engineering Guangzhou510640 China Peking University State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics College of Engineering Beijing100871 China Carleton University Department of Systems and Computer Engineering OttawaONK1S 5B6 Canada

In this paper, we investigate the total system energy efficiency (EE) of full-duplex (FD) device-to-device (D2D) communications underlaying distributed antenna systems (DAS), where remote access units (RAUs), D2D users (DUs), and cellular users (CUs) are all capable of FD operation. Specifically, we jointly optimize subcarrier assignment and power allocation under the quality of service (QoS) requirements of CUs and DUs and the maximum power constraints of RAUs, CUs, and DUs. In addition, we propose a novel spectrum sharing strategy that allows each subcarrier to be assigned to multiple CUs and/or multiple D2D pairs (DPs) for flexibility. To solve the formulated non-convex optimization problem, we first employ fractional programming to transform the objective function in the optimization problem from the fractional form into the equivalent subtractive form. Then, an efficient iterative resource allocation algorithm is proposed, which needs to solve an inner problem in each iteration. After relaxing the variables and introducing penalty factors, the non-convex inner problem is transformed into a convex problem through the successive convex approximation (SCA) method and solved by iterative algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can considerably improve the system EE compared to other benchmark schemes. Furthermore, the proposed spectrum sharing strategy is superior to the existing sharing strategies. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Convex optimization

CONIC10K: A Challenging Math Problem Understanding and Reasoning Dataset

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Haoyi Hui, Wenyang Chen, Yezeng Wu, Weiqi Tu, Kewei Zhou, Yi School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging China School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China China National Engineering Laboratory for Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology and Application China Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Education Sciences Ministry of Education China Shanghai Innovation Center for Processor Technologies China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

Mathematical understanding and reasoning are crucial tasks for assessing the capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI). However, existing benchmarks either require just a few steps of reasoning, or only contain a small amount of data in one specific topic, making it hard to analyse AI's behaviour with reference to different problems within a specific topic in detail. In this work, we propose CONIC10K, a challenging math problem dataset on conic sections in Chinese senior high school education. Our dataset contains various problems with different reasoning depths, while only the knowledge from conic sections is required. Since the dataset only involves a narrow range of knowledge, it is easy to separately analyse the knowledge a model possesses and the reasoning ability it has. For each problem, we provide a high-quality formal representation, the reasoning steps, and the final solution. Experiments show that existing large language models, including GPT-4, exhibit weak performance on complex reasoning. We hope that our findings could inspire more advanced techniques for precise natural language understanding and reasoning. Our dataset and codes are available at https://***/whyNLP/Conic10K. © 2023, CC BY.

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Classifying Cover Crop Residue from RGB Images: A Simple SVM versus a SVM Ensemble

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Classifying Cover Crop Residue from RGB Images: A Simple SVM...

IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)

作者： Parth C. Upadhyay Lokesh Karanam John A. Lory Guilherme N. DeSouza Vision-Guided and Intelligent Robotics (ViGIR) Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO

ISBN: (纸本)9781728190495

Plant-derived crop residue on soil surface provides many important advantages including preventing erosion and conserving soil moisture. In that sense, making accurate determination on the percent of crop residue cover using RGB images can be a fundamental tool in protecting the soil. In our research, we approach the determination of such percentages as a classification problem, and in this paper, we compare two of these approaches. Both approaches relied on support vector machines (SVM) as the classifier of choice, and the same set of features, which were selected in our previous studies on the same topic. In this paper we developed a SVM ensemble with a hierarchical structure and compared it against a single, multi-class SVM classifier. In the SVM ensemble framework, four two-class SVMs and one five-class SVM were combined in sequence to better separate adjacent levels of residue cover. The rationale of the ensemble was to allow each of the two-class SVMs to find the hyperplanes that maximize the margin between the corresponding two consecutive classes. Then, based on the distance of the samples to these hyperplanes, probabilistic estimates of the data-point belonging to the class were computed and added as extra inputs for the last SVM. In order to enhance the performance of the ensemble, other considerations such as the use of Grid Search method for optimizing the hyperparameters were employed in the tuning of the SVMs. Numerical experiments were conducted over a dataset of 4,400 images, which were collected from 88 locations in 40 row crop fields in five Missouri counties between mid-April and early July in 2018 and 2019. The images were collected using a camera mounted on a tripod, with a spatial resolution of 0.014 cm pixel- 1 GSD (Ground Sampling Distance). The experiments highlighted the better performance of the proposed hierarchical ensemble classifier, which achieved a cross-validation accuracy of 86.3 % vs an accuracy of 80.4 % for the single SVM, whil

关键词： Support vector machines Measurement Training Search methods Soil moisture Crops Probabilistic logic

KADEL: Knowledge-Aware Denoising Learning for Commit Message Generation

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tao, Wei Zhou, Yucheng Wang, Yanlin Zhang, Hongyu Wang, Haofen Zhang, Wenqiang Shanghai Engineering Research Center of AI and Robotics Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan University Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau China School of Software Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Zhuhai519082 China School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China College of Design and Innovation Tongji University Shanghai China Engineering Research Center of AI and Robotics Ministry of Education Academy for Engineering and Technology Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University 220 Handan Road Shanghai200433 China

Commit messages are natural language descriptions of code changes, which are important for software evolution such as code understanding and maintenance. However, previous methods are trained on the entire dataset without considering the fact that a portion of commit messages adhere to good practice (i.e., good-practice commits), while the rest do not. On the basis of our empirical study, we discover that training on good-practice commits significantly contributes to the commit message generation. Motivated by this finding, we propose a novel knowledge-aware denoising learning method called KADEL. Considering that good-practice commits constitute only a small proportion of the dataset, we align the remaining training samples with these good-practice commits. To achieve this, we propose a model that learns the commit knowledge by training on good-practice commits. This knowledge model enables supplementing more information for training samples that do not conform to good practice. However, since the supplementary information may contain noise or prediction errors, we propose a dynamic denoising training method. This method composes a distribution-aware confidence function and a dynamic distribution list, which enhances the effectiveness of the training process. Experimental results on the whole MCMD dataset demonstrate that our method overall achieves state-of-the-art performance compared with previous methods. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Sampling

Training-free image style alignment for self-adapting domain shift on handheld ultrasound devices

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zeng, Hongye Zou, Ke Chen, Zhihao Gao, Yuchong Chen, Hongbo Zhang, Haibin Zhou, Kang Wang, Meng Goh, Rick Siow Mong Liu, Yong Jiang, Chang Zheng, Rui Fu, Huazhu School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Synthetic Vision College of Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu China College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston United States Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore Singapore Department of Orthopedics Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging Shanghai China

Handheld ultrasound devices face usage limitations due to user inexperience and cannot benefit from supervised deep learning without extensive expert annotations. Moreover, the models trained on standard ultrasound device data are constrained by training data distribution and perform poorly when directly applied to handheld device data. In this study, we propose the Training-free Image Style Alignment (TISA) framework to align the style of handheld device data to those of standard devices. The proposed TISA can directly infer handheld device images without extra training and is suited for clinical applications. We show that TISA performs better and more stably in medical detection and segmentation tasks for handheld device data. We further validate TISA as the clinical model for automatic measurements of spinal curvature and carotid intima-media thickness. The automatic measurements agree well with manual measurements made by human experts and the measurement errors remain within clinically acceptable ranges. We demonstrate the potential for TISA to facilitate automatic diagnosis on handheld ultrasound devices and expedite their eventual widespread use. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Deep learning

Sample hardness based gradient loss for long-tailed cervical cell detection

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Liu, Minmin Li, Xuechen Gao, Xiangbo Chen, Junliang Shen, Linlin Wu, Huisi Computer Vision Institute School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence of Robotics of Society Shenzhen China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China University of California Irvine United States

Due to the difficulty of cancer samples collection and annotation, cervical cancer datasets usually exhibit a long-tailed data distribution. When training a detector to detect the cancer cells in a WSI (Whole Slice Image) image captured from the TCT (Thinprep Cytology Test) specimen, head categories (e.g. normal cells and inflammatory cells) typically have a much larger number of samples than tail categories (e.g. cancer cells). Most existing state-of-the-art long-tailed learning methods in object detection focus on category distribution statistics to solve the problem in the long-tailed scenario, without considering the "hardness" of each sample. To address this problem, in this work we propose a Grad-Libra Loss that leverages the gradients to dynamically calibrate the degree of hardness of each sample for different categories, and re-balance the gradients of positive and negative samples. Our loss can thus help the detector to put more emphasis on those hard samples in both head and tail categories. Extensive experiments on a long-tailed TCT WSI image dataset show that the mainstream detectors, e.g. RepPoints, FCOS, ATSS, YOLOF, etc. trained using our proposed Gradient-Libra Loss, achieved much higher (7.8%) mAP than that trained using cross-entropy classification loss. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cytology

Learning Graph Representation of Person-specific Cognitive Processes from Audio-visual Behaviours for Automatic Personality Recognition

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Song, Siyang Shao, Zilong Jaiswal, Shashank Shen, Linlin Valstar, Michel Gunes, Hatice Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Computer Vision Institute Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence of Robotics of Society Shenzhen China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Computer Vision Lab University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom

This paper proposes to recognise the true (self-reported) personality from the learned simulation of the target subject’s cognition. This approach builds on two following findings in cognitive science: (i) human cognition partially determines expressed behaviour and is directly linked to true personality traits;and (ii) in dyadic interactions individuals’ nonverbal behaviours are influenced by their conversational partner’s behaviours. In this context, we hypothesise that during a dyadic interaction, a target subject’s facial reactions are driven by two main factors, i.e. their internal (person-specific) cognitive process, and the externalised nonverbal behaviours of their conversational partner. Consequently, we propose to represent the target subject’s (defined as the listener) person-specific cognition in the form of a person-specific CNN architecture that has unique architectural parameters and depth, which takes audio-visual non-verbal cues displayed by the conversational partner (defined as the speaker) as input, and is able to reproduce the target subject’s facial reactions. Each person-specific CNN is explored by the Neural Architecture Search (NAS) and a novel adaptive loss function, which is then represented as a graph representation for recognising the target subject’s true personality. Experimental results not only show that the produced graph representations are well associated with target subjects’ personality traits in both human-human and human-machine interaction scenarios, and outperform the existing approaches with significant advantages, but also demonstrate that the proposed novel strategies such as adaptive loss, and the end-to-end vertices/edges feature learning, help the proposed approach in learning more reliable personality representations. Building on our earlier version of this work, this paper further proposes: (i) assigning a unique depth for each CNN;(ii) a novel end-to-end graph vertex feature learning strategy;(iii) a transformer-bas

关键词： Cognitive systems

Environment-Driven Online LiDAR-Camera Extrinsic Calibration

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Huang, Zhiwei Li, Jiaqi Zhong, Ping Fan, Rui The Department of Control Science & Engineering The College of Electronics & Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Hunan Changsha410083 China The National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Automatic Target Recognition National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China The Department of Control Science & Engineering The College of Electronics & Information Engineering Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems The State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

LiDAR-camera extrinsic calibration (LCEC) is the core for data fusion in computer vision. Existing methods typically rely on customized calibration targets or fixed scene types, lacking the flexibility to handle variations in sensor data and environmental contexts. This paper introduces EdO-LCEC, the first environment-driven, online calibration approach that achieves human-like adaptability. Inspired by the human perceptual system, EdO-LCEC incorporates a generalizable scene discriminator to actively interpret environmental conditions, creating multiple virtual cameras that capture detailed spatial and textural information. To overcome cross-modal feature matching challenges between LiDAR and camera, we propose dual-path correspondence matching (DPCM), which leverages both structural and textural consistency to achieve reliable 3D-2D correspondences. Our approach formulates the calibration process as a spatial-temporal joint optimization problem, utilizing global constraints from multiple views and scenes to improve accuracy, particularly in sparse or partially overlapping sensor views. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that EdO-LCEC achieves state-of-the-art performance, providing reliable and precise calibration across diverse, challenging environments. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

D2NT: A High-Performing Depth-to-Normal Translator

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D2NT: A High-Performing Depth-to-Normal Translator

IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Yi Feng Bohuan Xue Ming Liu Qijun Chen Rui Fan Robotics & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (RAIL) the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous Systems and Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems the College of Electronic & Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai P. R. China Department of Computer Science & Engineering the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) Hong Kong SAR P. R. China Robotics & Autonomous Systems Thrust of the Systems Hub the Hong Kong University of Science and Technol-ogy (Guangzhou) Nansha Guangzhou P. R. China

Surface normal holds significant importance in visual environmental perception, serving as a source of rich geometric information. However, the state-of-the-art (SoTA) surface normal estimators (SNEs) generally suffer from an unsatisfactory trade-off between efficiency and accuracy. To resolve this dilemma, this paper first presents a superfast depth-to-normal translator (D2NT), which can directly translate depth images into surface normal maps without calculating 3D coordinates. We then propose a discontinuity-aware gradient (DAG) filter, which adaptively generates gradient convolution kernels to improve depth gradient estimation. Finally, we propose a surface normal refinement module that can easily be integrated into any depth-to-normal SNEs, substantially improving the surface normal estimation accuracy. Our proposed algorithm demonstrates the best accuracy among all other existing real-time SNEs and achieves the SoTA trade-off between efficiency and accuracy.

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