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computer vision for road imaging and pothole detection:a state-of-the-art review of systems and algorithms

Transportation Safety and Environment 2022年第4期4卷 3-18页

作者： Nachuan Ma Jiahe Fan Wenshuo Wang JinWu Yu Jiang Lihua Xie Rui Fan Department of Control Science and Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systemsand State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous SystemsTongji UniversityShanghai 201804P.R.China Department of Civil Engineering McGill UniversityMontréalQC H3A 0C3Canada Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SAR 999077P.R.China CTO Office ClearMotion Inc.BillericaMA 01821USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Avenue639798Singapore

computer vision algorithms have been utilized for 3-D road imaging and pothole detection for over two ***,there is a lack of systematic survey articles on state-of-the-art(SoTA)computer vision techniques,especially deep learningmodels,developed to tackle these *** article first introduces the sensing systems employed for 2-D and 3-D road data acquisition,including camera(s),laser scanners and Microsoft *** then comprehensively reviews the SoTA computer vision algorithms,including(1)classical 2-D image processing,(2)3-D point cloud modelling and segmentation and(3)machine/deep learning,developed for road pothole *** article also discusses the existing challenges and future development trends of computer vision-based road pothole detection approaches:classical 2-D image processing-based and 3-D point cloud modelling and segmentation-based approaches have already become history;and convolutional neural networks(CNNs)have demonstrated compelling road pothole detection results and are promising to break the bottleneck with future advances in self/un-supervised learning for multi-modal semantic *** believe that this survey can serve as practical guidance for developing the next-generation road condition assessment systems.

关键词： computer vision road imaging pothole detection deep learning image processing point cloud modelling convolutional neural networks

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Experimental and numerical study on the shrinkage-deformation of carrot slices during hot air drying

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological engineering 2023年第1期16卷 260-272页

作者： Dalong Jiang Congcong Li Zifan Lin Yuntian Wu Hongjuan Pei Magdalena Zielinska Hongwei Xiao School of Computer and Control Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005ShandongChina Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001HebeiChina Hebei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Big Data Baoding 071001HebeiChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Western AustraliaPerth 6000Australia BeiGene Guangzhou Biologics Manufacturing Co. LtdGuangzhou 510555China Neuroscience and Intelligent Media Institute Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China Department of Systems Engineering University of Warmia and MazuryOlsztyn 004889Poland College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

In order to further understand the mechanism of material volume change in the drying process,numerical simulations(considering or neglecting shrinkage)of heat and mass transfer during convective drying of carrot slices under constant and controlled temperature and relative humidity were carried *** results were validated with experimental *** results of the simulation show that the Quadratic model fitted well to the moisture ratio and the material temperature data trend with average relative errors of 5.9%and 8.1%,***,the results of the simulation considering shrinkage show that the moisture and temperature distributions during drying are closer to the experimental data than the results of the simulation disregarding *** material moisture content was significantly related to the shrinkage of dried *** and relative humidity significantly affected the volume shrinkage of carrot *** volume shrinkage increased with the rising of the constant temperature and the decline of relative *** model can be used to provide more information on the dynamics of heat and mass transfer during drying and can also be adapted to other products and dryers devices.

关键词： carrot drying numerical simulation heat and mass transfer shrinkage

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Large-Scale Radiomics Analysis for Prostate Cancer Detection Harnessing Machine and Deep Learning Models 22

Large-Scale Radiomics Analysis for Prostate Cancer Detection...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, ISBI 2025

作者： Mylona, Eugenia Zaridis, Dimitrios I. Kalantzopoulos, Charalampos N. Pezoulas, Vasileios C. Tachos, Nikolaos S. Matsopoulos, George K. Regge, Daniele Papanikolaou, Nikolaos Tsiknakis, Manolis Marias, Kostas Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. Biomedical Research Institute Forth Ioannina GR 45110 Greece University of Ioannina Unit of Medical Technology Intelligent Information Systems Greece School of Electrical & Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Biomedical Engineering Laboratory Athens 15780 Greece Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS Department of Radiology Strada Provinciale Candiolo Turin 10060 Italy Champalimaud Foundation Computational Clinical Imaging Group Portugal Institute of Computer Science Forth Computational Biomedicine Laboratory Heraklion GR 70013 Greece Hellenic Mediterranean University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Heraklion GR 71004 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520526

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men, making early detection crucial for effective treatment. This study explores the efficacy of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models in detecting PCa lesions using radiomics features derived from multiparametric MRI data. Leveraging a dataset of 7621 retrospective and 2132 prospective cases from 12 clinical centers across Europe, we compared the performance of various ML (LASSO, Random Forest, SVM, XGBoost) and DL models (CNN, MLP, Transformer, CNN&MLP). Radiomic features were extracted and refined through a robust feature selection process. Models' performance was evaluated through nested cross-validation (CV) and externally. The CNN&MLP model achieved the highest ROC AUC (0.86) and PR AUC (0.90) in CV, while LASSO showed consistent generalization in external validation. Our findings indicate that DL models excel in high-dimensional data analysis but face challenges in generalizing to external datasets, highlighting the importance of external validation for clinical applicability. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Deep Learning Lesion Detection Machine Learning Prostate Cancer Radiomics

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Not so griddy: internal representations of RNNs path integrating more than one agent 24

Not so griddy: internal representations of RNNs path integra...

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information Processing systems

作者： William T. Redman Francisco Acosta Santiago Acosta-Mendoza Nina Miolane Intelligent Systems Center Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory Department of Physics University of California Santa Barbara Dynamical Neuroscience University of California Santa Barbara Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

Success in collaborative and competitive environments, where agents must work with or against each other, requires individuals to encode the position and trajectory of themselves and others. Decades of neurophysiological experiments have shed light on how brain regions [e.g., medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), hippocampus] encode the self's position and trajectory. However, it has only recently been discovered that MEC and hippocampus are modulated by the positions and trajectories of others. To understand how encoding spatial information of multiple agents shapes neural representations, we train a recurrent neural network (RNN) model that captures properties of MEC to path integrate trajectories of two agents simultaneously navigating the same environment. We find significant differences between these RNNs and those trained to path integrate only a single agent. At the individual unit level, RNNs trained to path integrate more than one agent develop weaker grid responses, stronger border responses, and tuning for the relative position of the two agents. At the population level, they develop more distributed and robust representations, with changes in network dynamics and manifold topology. Our results provide testable predictions and open new directions with which to study the neural computations supporting spatial navigation.

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A Generic Load Flow Solution for Droop-Controlled AC Microgrids Considering Electric Vehicle Loads 11

A Generic Load Flow Solution for Droop-Controlled AC Microgr...

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11th IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy systems, PEDES 2024

作者： Meena, Ghanshyam Mathur, Akhilesh Singh, V.P. Murari, Krishna Kamalasadan, Sukumar Malaviya National Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Rajasthan Jaipur302017 India The University of Toledo Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department ToledoOH43606 United States University of North Carolina at Charlotte Power Energy and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Epic Department of Electrical Engineering CharlotteNC28223 United States

Microgrids (MGs) have become more unpredictable due to integration of renewable generation sources. Several methods are used to solve load flow problems in MGs. Load flow analysis is a complex problem for islanded MGs due to the absence of slack bus and dependency of active power generation of droop-controlled DGs on frequency. In this paper, a Modified Newton Raphson (MNR) approach is used to perform load flow analysis of isolated MGs considering various types of electric vehicle (EV) loads. The presented method has been validated on 6-bus and 38-bus test systems of the islanded microgrid to give an accurate and simple approach for computing the load flow solutions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Islanding

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Robust Control of Feeding Speed for Coal Mine Tunnel Drilling Machines

Robust Control of Feeding Speed for Coal Mine Tunnel Drillin...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)

作者： Xiao Liu Luefeng Chen Min Wu Weihua Cao Chengda Lu Witold Pedrycz School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China School of Automation the Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems and the Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland Department of Computer Engineering Istinye University Sariyer/Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (数字)9798350340266

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340273

Changes in coal seam hardness cause fluctuations in the feed resistance at the drill bit during the drilling process, leading to unstable feeding speed. This paper proposes a robust dynamic output feedback controller to suppress disturbances caused by the variations in coal seam hardness in the feed system. Firstly, an unknown parameter measuring coal seam hardness is introduced, and an uncertain model of the feeding system is established based on the finite element model of the drill string. By designing weighted functions based on industrial field requirements and constructing a generalized plant, the controller achieves loop shaping, reducing the low-frequency impact of coal seam hardness variations on the feed system and suppressing the systems resonance peak. Simulation results demonstrate that the controller effectively suppresses parameter variations and external disturbances caused by changes in coal seam hardness, achieving stable control of the drilling speed.

关键词： Drilling Robust control Uncertainty Robust stability Simulation Coal Resonance

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Network of Microgrids: Opportunities and Challenges

Network of Microgrids: Opportunities and Challenges

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Grid Edge Technologies Conference & Exposition (Grid Edge), IEEE PES

作者： Kyle A. Skeen G. Kumar Venayagamoorthy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Clemson University SC USA University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa

Microgrids are a promising technology to achieve the sustainability goals set by the UN to fight against climate change, create affordable and clean energy, sustainable cities and communities, and economic growth by creating a reliable, resilient, green power infrastructure. There are limitations to the benefits that microgrids can provide. To overcome the limitations and bolster the benefits of individual microgrids, they can be interconnected, creating a network of microgrids (NoMs). NoMs have many benefits that individual microgrids cannot accomplish, such as participating in power interchange between connected microgrids and the utility grid. This will increase reliability and resiliency and create economic benefits for the participants of NoMs. Challenges exist in NoMs, including data analysis, communication, and cyber-security to operations and management of the NoMs. This paper will go over the benefits that NoMs can provide and the challenges currently being researched in academia.

关键词： Climate change Microgrids Renewable energy sources Sustainable development Market opportunities Energy management

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A K -Band Four-Beam Transmitter with Decoupled Phase/Gain Control and Enhanced Power Back off Efficiency for SATCOM

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IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 2024年第11期72卷 6443-6459页

作者： Gao, Huiyan Li, Nayu Xie, Xinhong Wang, Shaogang Lu, Hang Kuan, Yen-Cheng Yu, Xiaopeng Song, Chunyi Jane Gu, Qun Xu, Zhiwei Institute of Marine Electronics and Intelligent Systems Ocean College Zhejiang University Zhoushan316021 China Engineering Research Center of Oceanic Sensing Technology and Equipment Ministry of Education Zhoushan316021 China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan316021 China National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University International College of Semiconductor Technology Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Institute of VLSI Design and Research College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China University of California at Davis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering DavisCA95616 United States

This article presents a 17.7-20.2 GHz eight-element four-beam RF-beamforming transmitter in 65-nm CMOS for satellite communication (SATCOM). The transmitter utilizes an analog scheme in the variable-gain amplifier (VGA) to achieve dB-in-linear gain control with a high dynamic range (DR), together with a current combining crossbar for a compact footprint. The vector-modulation-based (VM-based) phase shifter (PS) adopts the cancellation-based Gm units for low switching variation. Furthermore, eight PSs of each beam are split into two groups, with each group sharing the same tunable I/Q generator for low power consumption. Considering the increased peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) caused by high-order modulation schemes and multibeam operation, the transmitter incorporates compact transformer-based Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) with adaptive bias control to improve the power efficiency at back-off. The chip achieves a 31-dB gain-tuning range with a 0.283-dB step and a 360° phase-shifting range with a calibrated 7-bit resolution. The measured root-mean-square (RMS) phase/gain errors induced by the VGA/PS are below 2.05°/0.147 dB, respectively, which decouples phase/gain control. The transmitter achieves a maximum output 1-dB gain compression point (OP1dB) of 17.9 dBm and a maximum saturated power (Psat) of 18.9 dBm. The output element exhibits 29.3% drain efficiency (DE) at 6-dB power back off (PBO) from Psat , which is 1.56/3.12 times over the normalized class-B/class-A implementations, demonstrating Doherty PBO efficiency enhancement. The chip occupies an area of 8.59 × 4.17 mm2 and consumes 398 mW per element at OP1dB. Additionally, a 16-element linear array has been developed to showcase the capabilities of the multibeam operation and gain tapering. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Efficiency

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Adaptive UAV-Assisted Hierarchical Federated Learning: Optimizing Energy, Latency, and Resilience for Dynamic Smart IoT Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Xiaohong Liwang, Minghui Fu, Liqun Su, Yuhan Hosseinalipour, Seyyedali Wang, Xianbin Hong, Yiguang School of Informatics Xiamen University Fujian China Department of Control Science and Engineering The National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Electrical Engineering University at Buffalo-SUNY BuffaloNY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University ON Canada

Hierarchical Federated Learning (HFL) introduces intermediate aggregation layers, addressing the limitations of conventional Federated Learning (FL) in geographically dispersed environments with limited communication infrastructure. An application of HFL is in smart IoT systems, such as remote monitoring, disaster response, and battlefield operations, where cellular connectivity is often unreliable or unavailable. In these scenarios, UAVs serve as mobile aggregators, providing connectivity to the terrestrial IoT devices. This paper studies an HFL architecture for energy-constrained UAVs in smart IoT systems, pioneering a solution to minimize global training cost increased caused by UAV disconnection. In light of this, we formulate a joint optimization problem involving learning configuration, bandwidth allocation, and device-to-UAV association, and perform global aggregation in time before UAV drops disconnect and redeployment of UAVs. The problem explicitly accounts for the dynamic nature of IoT devices and their interruptible communications and is unveiled to be NP-hard. To address this, we decompose it into three subproblems. First, we optimize the learning configuration and bandwidth allocation using an augmented Lagrangian function to reduce training costs. Second, we propose a device fitness score, integrating data heterogeneity (via Kullback-Leibler divergence), device-to-UAV distances, and IoT device resources, and develop a twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3)-based algorithm for dynamic device-to-UAV assignment. Third, We introduce a low-complexity two-stage greedy strategy for finding the location of UAVs redeployment and selecting the appropriate global aggregator UAV. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate significant cost reductions and robust performance under communication interruptions. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Federated learning

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Multiple Sensor Fusion-Based Positioning Robot for Steam Generator Inspection

Multiple Sensor Fusion-Based Positioning Robot for Steam Gen...

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Sensor Technology and Control (ISSTC), International Symposium on

作者： Jingwei You Shouqi Wei Xiong Wu Jianquan Sun Department of Electrical Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin China Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China SIAT-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent Systems Shenzhen China

Nuclear energy is presently the clean energy source most likely to massively displace fossil energy, and the secondary side of the steam generator is an important part of a nuclear power plant. Due to the small space of the secondary side of the steam generator and the confinement of the vessel, the precise positioning of the robot inside the steam generator cannot be achieved by a single sensor alone. This paper introduces a multi-sensor fusion steam generator secondary side inspection robot. Primary emphasis is on data fusion of multiple sensors, such as laser sensors, cameras, IMU, and wheel encoder. First of all, this paper integrates data from wheel encoder data and IMU data by using extended Kalman filtering (EKF), which decreases the drift error during the motion and enhances the robot positioning precision. Afterwards, we incorporate laser ranging sensors and camera picture data to enhance the overall spatial sensitivity of the robot through particle filtering algorithms. Experiments show that the robot works reliably and has high positioning accuracy.

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