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16th International Conference on Intelligent robotics and Applications, ICIRA 2023

作者： Gao, Chengzhi Xie, Ye Zhu, Yiting Liang, Dingkun Kong, Lingyu Wang, Xin Xie, Anhuan Gu, Jianjun Research Center for Intelligent Robotics Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Innovation Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311100 China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Robotics Hangzhou311100 China Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou311100 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dalhousie University HalifaxNSB3H 4R2 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789819964918

Due to the lack of accurate stability theoretical basis, the dynamic balance control of bipedal robots is a challenging topic. In this paper, we propose a controller that combines virtual model control and whole body control. In our framework, the whole system is simplified into a spring inverted pendulum model. Decoupling control is carried out for this model, and a virtual model is introduced to establish the relationship between the joint torque of the support leg and the state of the center of mass. The distribution of reaction force is obtained through decoupling closed-loop control. The whole body control part first uses multi task whole body control to determine the kinematics information, and then solves the joint feedforward torque through dynamical model, thus obtaining the desired force position hybrid control. Proposed algorithm improved the problem of incomplete decoupling between states and increased the stiffness of the support leg. The newly designed control framework was tested in Simscape dynamic simulation and verified the anti-interference ability and fast walking ability of Whole Body Balance Control for bipedal robots based on Virtual Model Control. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2023.

关键词： Inverted pendulum

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Multi-objective optimization of electric automated bus trajectories based on the ε-constraint method

Multi-objective optimization of electric automated bus traje...

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Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)

作者： C. Pasquale S. Sacone S. Siri A. Ferrara Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genova Italy Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Italy

This paper deals with electric automated buses that have to follow a given route in inter-urban roads including stops, with a given timetable. Some stops are provided with a charging infrastructure allowing to charge the batteries while others are not. In order to control these buses, it is necessary to account for the traffic conditions along the road and to minimize two objectives, respectively related to the minimization of the deviations from the timetable and the minimization of the energy lack, at the end of the bus route, with respect to a desired final energy level. To address this problem and to investigate the conflicting nature of these objectives, two multi-objective methods based on the $\varepsilon$-constraint approach are applied in this paper, allowing to find different sets of efficient solutions for the problem. The results obtained in a real case study show that the two objective are in conflict, and compromise solutions can be found using the methods proposed in this paper.

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Decentralized Control of Intercity Electric Automated Buses via Time-Varying Objective Prioritization

Decentralized Control of Intercity Electric Automated Buses ...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

This paper considers electric automated buses traveling in inter-urban roads and following a given route including stops, that must be reached according to a given timetable. Some of these stops are provided with a charging infrastructure allowing to charge the bus batteries. The paper proposes a decentralized control scheme for determining the optimal speed profiles, the dwell and charging times of the buses, by taking into account the traffic conditions along the road through a suitable traffic flow prediction model. Two objectives are considered contemporarily: the minimization of the deviations from the timetable and the minimization of the energy lack at the end of the bus route. To attain both these conflicting objectives, a lexicographic approach is adopted to design the controller which considers that, depending on the system state, the priority of the two objectives can change. Accordingly, the proposed control scheme changes the objective prioritization in real time and switches between two different lexicographic-based optimal control solutions. Some tests are discussed in the paper to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

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Perception Robustness Testing at Different Levels of Generality

Field Robotics

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Field robotics 2025年 1卷 253-286页

作者： Zachary Pezzementi Trenton Tabor Jonathan K. Chang Carter Tiernan Bill Drozd Eric Sample Chris Hazard Michael Wagner Philip Koopman National Robotics Engineering Center (NREC) Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA Edge Case Research LLC Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA

Ensuring the success and safety of deployed robotic systems often requires predicting their behavior in a wide range of conditions, precluding practical testing of the physical system itself. We introduce an approach to predict the robustness of a perception system in a broad range of conditions through simulation of challenging real-world conditions achieved by modifying real images according to physical phenomena, producing physically-realistic, mutated images. Typical perception-system performance metrics are difficult to relate to system-level application- or safety-requirements. We propose performance-evaluating metrics that are more closely tied to these targets, a relationship dependent on the amount of application-specific context available and assumptions imposed. We also introduce a novel robustness metric, Robustness ROC, that can be applied to any of these performance metrics. We demonstrate this method on NREC-AgPD, a large dataset focused on person detection for off-road driving in orchard environments, assessing several recent person detectors, and showing how considerations of robustness can often change the best-choice algorithm.

关键词： Robustness Robots Measurement Training Market research Three-dimensional printing Snow Object detection MCDM Detectors

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A Novel Multivariate Skew-Normal Mixture Model and Its Application in Path-Planning for Very-Large-Scale Robotic Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhu, Pingping Liu, Chang Estephan, Peter Faculty of Computer Sciences and Electrical Engineering Marshall University HuntingtonWV United States Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China The Department of Computer Sciences and Electrical Engineering Marshall University HuntingtonWV United States

This paper addresses the path-planning challenge for very large-scale robotic systems (VLSR) operating in complex and cluttered environments. VLSR systems consist of numerous cooperative agents or robots working together autonomously. Traditionally, many approaches for VLSR systems are developed based on Gaussian mixture models (GMMs), where the GMMs represent agents' evolving spatial distribution, serving as a macroscopic view of the system's state. However, our recent research into VLSR systems has unveiled limitations in using GMMs to represent agent distributions, especially in cluttered environments. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel model called the skew-normal mixture model (SNMM) for representing agent distributions. Additionally, we present a parameter learning algorithm designed to estimate the SNMM's parameters using sample data. Furthermore, we develop two SNMM-based path-planning algorithms to guide VLSR systems through complex and cluttered environments. Our simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of these algorithms compared to GMM-based pathplanning methods. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Motion planning

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Towards Efficient Motion Planning for UAVs: Lazy A* Search with Motion Primitives

Towards Efficient Motion Planning for UAVs: Lazy A* Search w...

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IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics, robotics and Automation (ICMRA)

作者： Wentao Wang Yi Shen Kaiyang Chen Kaifan Lu Department of Computer Science University of Southern California LA USA Robotics Department University of Michigan MI USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Champaign USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350352474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352481

Search-based motion planning algorithms have been widely utilized for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, deploying these algorithms on real UAVs faces challenges due to limited onboard computational resources. The algorithms struggle to find solutions in high-dimensional search spaces and require considerable time to ensure that the trajectories are dynamically feasible. This paper incorporates the lazy search concept into search-based planning algorithms to address the critical issue of real-time planning for collision-free and dynamically feasible trajectories on UAVs. We demonstrate that the lazy search motion planning algorithm can efficiently find optimal trajectories and significantly improve computational efficiency.

关键词： Mechatronics Trajectory planning Heuristic algorithms Autonomous aerial vehicles Real-time systems Planning Trajectory Computational efficiency robotics and automation Faces

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HO-FMN: Hyperparameter Optimization for Fast Minimum-Norm Attacks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Mura, Raffaele Floris, Giuseppe Scionis, Luca Piras, Giorgio Pintor, Maura Demontis, Ambra Giacinto, Giorgio Biggio, Battista Roli, Fabio University of Cagliari Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Cagliari Italy Sapienza University of Rome Department of Computer Engineering Rome Italy University of Genoa Department of Computer Science Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering Genoa Italy

Gradient-based attacks are a primary tool to evaluate robustness of machine-learning models. However, many attacks tend to provide overly-optimistic evaluations as they use fixed loss functions, optimizers, step-size schedulers, and default hyperparameters. In this work, we tackle these limitations by proposing a parametric variation of the well-known fast minimum-norm attack algorithm, whose loss, optimizer, step-size scheduler, and hyperparameters can be dynamically adjusted. We re-evaluate 12 robust models, showing that our attack finds smaller adversarial perturbations without requiring any additional tuning. This also enables reporting adversarial robustness as a function of the perturbation budget, providing a more complete evaluation than that offered by fixed-budget attacks, while remaining efficient. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Machine learning

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A Scalable Real-time Semantic Segmentation Network for Autonomous Driving 1

A Scalable Real-time Semantic Segmentation Network for Auton...

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1st Workshop on Advanced Multimedia Computing for Smart Manufacturing and engineering, AMC-SME 2023

作者： Liu, Jun Wu, Chao Yuan, Geng Niu, Wei Zhang, Wenbin Song, Houbing Herbert Robotics Institute of School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Northeastern University Boston United States School of Computing University of Georgia Athens United States Department of Computer Science Michigan Technological University Houghton United States Department of Information Systems University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400702730

Computational resources are limited on real-time embedded devices, so the available computing cost of deployment on the target platform must be considered. We develop a feature extraction module based on the MobileNet backbone that can be adjusted in terms of computational complexity and capacity using the depth multiplier parameter, classifier depth, and kernel depth. These three parameters allow us to control the count of channels within the network, effectively managing the model's capacity and computational requirements. To achieve semantic segmentation, we incorporate additional components, such as an extension module. This extension module typically includes 1x1 pointwise convolutional layers for pixel-level classification and a transposed convolutional layer for upsampling the output to the original input image size. By combining the feature extraction module with this extension module, we can create a complete architecture capable of performing semantic segmentation tasks. The feature extraction module provides the initial feature extraction and the extension module adds the necessary components for accurate pixel-wise classification and upsampling. Compared to Hardware-aware Neural Architecture Search (NAS), pruning, runtime pruning, and knowledge distillation methods, our model has several advantages in terms of modular design, structural controllability, ease of implementation, and cost-effectiveness. Our computational efficiency, as measured by FLOPS, is highly competitive. Our method is distinguished by solving the problem of MobileNet's inability to adjust the size and number of convolution kernels. It achieves this through adaptable parameter tuning, including MobileNet's depth multiplier, the kernel size in the FCN head's Separable Convolution layer, and the depth of the first Point-wise Convolution layer. These adjustments are customized to match hardware's max multiply-accumulates (MACs), optimizing network capacity and maximizing resource utilizat

关键词： Feature extraction

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Towards AI-driven Next Generation Personalized Healthcare and Well-being

Towards AI-driven Next Generation Personalized Healthcare an...

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2024 Ital-IA Intelligenza Artificiale - Thematic Workshops, Ital-IA 2024

作者： Aksu, Fatih Bria, Alessandro Caragliano, Alice Natalina Caruso, Camillo Maria Chen, Wenting Cordelli, Ermanno Coser, Omar Francesconi, Arianna Furia, Leonardo Guarrasi, Valerio Iannello, Giulio Lauretti, Clemente Manni, Guido Marino, Giustino Paolo, Domenico Ruffini, Filippo Shen, Linlin Sicilia, Rosa Soda, Paolo Tamantini, Christian Tortora, Matteo Wu, Zhuoru Zollo, Loredana Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University Milan Italy Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Cassino and Southern Latium Cassino Italy Unit of Computer Systems and Bioinformatics Department of Engineering University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome Italy City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centered Technologies Department of Engineering University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome Italy Shenzhen University China Department of Diagnostics and Intervention Radiation Physics Biomedical Engineering Umeå University Sweden

In the last few years Artificial Intelligence (AI) is emerging as a game changer in many areas of society and, in particular, its integration in medicine heralds a transformative approach towards personalized healthcare and well-being, promising significant improvements in diagnostic precision, therapeutic outcomes, and patient care. Our research explores the cutting-edge realms of multimodal AI, resilient AI, and healthcare robotics, aiming to harness the synergy of diverse data modalities and advanced computational models to redefine healthcare paradigms. This multidisciplinary effort seeks to bridge technology and clinical practice, advancing AI-driven next generation personalized healthcare and well-being. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Personalized medicine

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Efficient Deep Learning Modalities for Object Detection from Infrared Images

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2545-2563页

作者： Naglaa F.Soliman E.A.Alabdulkreem Abeer D.Algarni Ghada M.El Banby Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Ahmed Sedik Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communications Faculty of EngineeringZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of the Robotics and Intelligent Machines Faculty of Artificial IntelligenceKafrelSheikh UniversityKafr el-sheikhEgypt

For military warfare purposes,it is necessary to identify the type of a certain weapon through video stream tracking based on infrared(IR)video *** vision is a visual search trend that is used to identify objects in images or video *** military applications,drones take a main role in surveillance tasks,but they cannot be confident for longtime ***,there is a need for such a system,which provides a continuous surveillance task to support the drone *** a system can be called a Hybrid Surveillance System(HSS).This system is based on a distributed network of wireless sensors for continuous *** addition,it includes one or more drones to make short-time missions,if the sensors detect a suspicious *** paper presents a digital solution to identify certain types of concealed weapons in surveillance applications based on Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)and Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory(ConvLSTM).Based on initial results,the importance of video frame enhancement is obvious to improve the visibility of objects in video *** accuracy of the proposed methods reach 99%,which reflects the effectiveness of the presented *** addition,the experimental results prove that the proposed methods provide superior performance compared to traditional ones.

关键词： Deep learning object detection military applications OFDM SPIHT IoT

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