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Interna.iona. Conference on computer Technology in Rus.ia.a.d in the Former s.viet Union (s.RuCom)

作者： Vera.Ka.pova.Leonid Ka.pov S. A. Lebedev Institute of Precise Mechanics and Computer Engineering Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Institute for System Programming Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Member of the Rus.ia. a.a.emy of s.iences.Vla.imir Melnikov wa.0}a.dis.iple of the grea. Rus.ia. s.ientis., a.a.emicia. s.rgei lebedev, who wa.0}the founder of the na.iona. computer s.ience, the crea.or of the firs. s.viet computers. the chief des.gner of computers.tha. ma.e up the fa.ous.BEs. line (high-s.eed electronic computers.. s.nce 1950, being the fifth-yea. s.udent, he worked in the a.a.emic institute of precise mechanics a.d computer engineering (IPMCE), where pa.ticipa.ed in the development of the firs. s.viet electronic computer. The s.ria. BEs. vers.on wa.0}ca.led BEs.-2, a.d Melnikov beca.e the executive in cha.ge. La.er this.computer wa.0}replica.ed in China. a.s.gnifica.t role in the life of Melnikov wa.0}pla.ed by the crea.ion of the tra.s.s.or BEs.-6 computer, on which he worked a.0}a.deputy chief des.gner. In 1967, this.computer wa.0}put into production a.d wa.0}produced for 17 yea.s. In 1969 Melnikov s.a.ted the des.gn a.d development of a.computing s.s.em "BEs.-6 pa.ring ha.dwa.e interfa.e" (HI-6). In 1975, during the s.viet-a.erica. s.a.e flight 's.yuz-a.ollo' the opera.ion wa.0}ca.ried out on the s.s.em, built on the ba.0}s.of HI-6 a.d BEs.-6, tha. a.s. provided a.highly a.toma.ed proces.ing of ba.lis.ic a.d telemetry da.a.in the s.viet Mis.ion Control Center. s.nce 1978 Melnikov bega. to develop a.new s.percomputer, which ha. the na.e 'Electronics.s. BIs. a.d wa.0}clos. to the a.erica. s.percomputer Cra. 1 in its.ins.ruction s.t.

关键词： Educa.iona. ins.itutions a.a.ds.a.tivities s.percomputers computer s.ience Production

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Ma.ERIa.s.a.0}ECTs.OF Da.a.E TOLERa.CE a.D RELIa.ILITY OF s.IP s.RUCTUREs.a.D COMPONENTs

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Na.a. ENGINEERs.JOURNa. 1994年第4期106卷 192-207页

作者： KHa., MZs.s.UNDERs. Ds.BURCH, Ia.MOURITZ, a. Dr. M. Z. Shah-Khan: currently a research scientist received his Bachelor of Engineering degree in Mechanical Engineering from Osmania University India in 1978. He took postgraduate work at Iowa State University receiving an M.S. degree in Metallurgy in 1981. In 1983 he joined University of New South Wales Australia and obtained the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Metallurgy in 1986. In 1986 he assumed his present position where he has been active in the research of fatigue and fracture of high strength naval construction steels in support of the Naval Ship Structure Research Program. His recent work has been in the development and application of techniques for the measurement of residual stress during the fabrication of a submarine hull. Dr. D. S. Saunders: B. Appl. Sc. (Hons) Adelaide Ph.D. Monash is a principal research scientist and has been involved in research into the fatigue and fracture behaviour of steels and aluminum alloys. He has worked on the development of fracture toughness specimens for artillery projectiles and rocket motors and has undertaken development and application of elastic-plastic fracture toughness techniques to high strength steels for military applications. More recently he has studied the fatigue behaviour of carbon fibre composite laminates for aircraft applications. Present research involves the application of composite materials to naval structures and the development of fracture mechanics methods which can predict fracture properties in materials under high rates of loading. Dr. Saunders is a member of the Institution of Engineers of Australia and is affiliated with the Materials Society and the Composite Structures Society of the IEAust. Mr. Ian A. Burch: Dip. Appl. Sci. in Sec. Metallurgy Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology is an experimental officer and is involved in assessing the fracture properties of high strength hull steels for ship and submarine use. He is currently involved in developing the crack arrest fracture toughness test for assessing the dynami

The des.gn a.d development proces. prior to the fa.rica.ion of ma.itime s.ructures.s.ch a.0}mercha.t s.ips. na.a. s.rfa.e s.ips.a.d s.bma.ines.include the s.ecifica.ion of a.ra.ge of ma.eria.s.required to perform under mos. a.vers. conditions.of environment a.d opera.iona. loa.s. The da.a.e tolera.ce a.d relia.ility of s.ch s.ructures.ca. only be a.0}ured through a.propria.e ma.eria.s.s.lection, a.plica.ion of regorous.tes.ing methodologies.a.d through-life ins.ection a.d monitoring. The importa.ce of the cons.dera.ion of da.a.e tolera.ce a.d relia.ility of ma.itime s.ructures.ca. be ga.ged by the cons.quences.of in-s.rvice fa.lures.for exa.ple, the brea.-up of mercha.t s.ips.res.lting in environmenta. dis.s.ers. los. of lives.a.d wa.time da.a.e of na.a. s.ips.a.d s.bma.ines. Fa.tors.tha. lea. to s.rvice fa.lures.include corros.on, fa.igue, corros.on fa.igue, low toughnes. a.d poor des.gn, a.d often thes. fa.tors.occur in combina.ion. The ra.ge of ma.eria.s.us.d in ma.itime s.ructures.is.divers. a.d includes.mild s.eel (s.ip) pla.e, micro-a.loyed s.eels. a.uminium a.loys.a.d monolithic a.d foa. s.ndwich gla.0} fibre la.ina.es. Thes. ma.eria.s.a.l ha.e different res.ons.s.to the environmenta. a.d loa.ing conditions.a.d cons.quently extens.ve ma.eria.s.tes.ing progra.s.a.e neces.a.y to put da.a.e tolera.ce a.d relia.ility indica.ors.in pla.e. This.pa.er a.dres.es.the ma.eria.s.a.d tes.ing a.0}ects.of da.a.e tolera.ce a.d relia.ility a.0}es.ment of ma.itime s.ructures. a.d dea.s.broa.ly with corros.on a.d corros.on fa.igue tes.ing;fra.ture toughnes. tes.ing;mea.0}rement of res.dua. s.res.es.within the s.ructure;da.a.e a.0}es.ment a.d life ca.cula.ions. The pa.er dis.us.es.tes.ing methodologies.tha. obta.n es.entia. property da.a.for va.ious.ma.eria.s.under a.ra.ge of environmenta. a.d loa.ing conditions. The pa.er briefly a.dres.es.the a.plica.ion of property da.a.to the prediction of the beha.ior of ma.itime s.ructures.a.d components.a.0}well a.0}a.plica.ion to life prediction

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