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作者： Bao, Jie Bojars, Uldis Choudhury, Tanzeem Ding, Li Greaves, Mark Kapoor, Ashish Louchart, Sandy Mehta, Manish Nebel, Bernhard Nirenburg, Sergei Oates, Tim Roberts, David L. Sanfilippo, Antonio Stojanovic, Nenad Stubbs, Kristen Thomaz, Andrea L. Tsui, Katherine Woelfl, Stefan Tetherless World Constellation Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute United States Social Software Unit of DERI Galway Ireland Computer Science Department Dartmouth College United States Knowledge Systems at Vulcan Inc United States Adaptive Systems and Interaction Group Microsoft Research Redmond United States School for Mathematics and Computer Sciences Heriot-Watt University United Kingdom School ot Interactive Computing Georgia Institute of Technology United States Department of Computer Science University of Freiburg Germany Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department University of Maryland Baltimore County United States Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA United States University of Karlsruhe Germany IRobot Corporation United States University of Massachusetts Lowell United States

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, in cooperation with Stanford University's Department of Computer Science, was pleased to present the 2009 Spring Symposium Series, held Monday through Wednesday, March 23-25, 2009, at Stanford University. The titles of the nine symposia were Agents That Learn from Human Teachers, Benchmarking of Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Reasoning systems, Experimental Design for Real- World systems, Human Behavior Modeling, Intelligent Event Processing, Intelligent Narrative Technologies II, Learning by Reading and Learning to Read, Social Semantic Web: Where Web 2.0 Meets Web 3.0, and Technosocial Predictive Analytics. The goal of the Agents That Learn from Human Teachers symposium was to investigate how we can enable software and robotics agents to leam from real-time interaction with an everyday human partner. The aim of the Benchmarking of Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Reasoning systems symposium was to initiate the development of a problem repository in the field of qualitative spatial and temporal reasoning and identify a graded set of challenges for future midterm and long-term research. The Experimental Design symposium discussed the challenges of evaluating AI systems. The Human Behavior Modeling symposium explored reasoning methods for understanding various aspects of human behavior, especially in the context of designing intelligent systems that interact with humans. The Intelligent Event Processing symposium discussed the need for more Al-based approaches in event pro-cessing and defined a kind of research agenda for the field, coined as intelligent complex event processing (iCEP). The Intelligent Narrative Technologies IIAAAI symposium discussed innovations, progress, and novel techniques in the research domain. The Learning by Reading and Learning to Read symposium explored two aspects of making natural language texts semantically accessible to, and processable by, machines. The Social Semantic

关键词： Benchmarking

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Improving color modeling for alpha matting

Improving color modeling for alpha matting

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2008 19th British Machine Vision Conference, BMVC 2008

作者： Rhemann, Christoph Rother, Carsten Gelautz, Margrit Institute for Software Technology and Interactive Systems Vienna University of Technology Austria Microsoft Research Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781901725360

This paper addresses the problem of extracting an alpha matte from a single photograph given a user-defined trimap. A crucial part of this task is the color modeling step where for each pixel the optimal alpha value, together with its confidence, is estimated individually. This forms the data term of the objective function. It comprises of three steps: (i) Collecting a candidate set of potential fore- and background colors;(ii) Selecting high confidence samples from the candidate set;(iii) Estimating a sparsity prior to remove blurry artifacts. We introduce novel ideas for each of these steps and show that our approach considerably improves over state-of-the-art techniques by evaluating it on a large database of 54 images with known high-quality ground truth.

关键词： Color

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A UML profile for the e3-Value e-business model ontology

A UML profile for the e3-Value e-business model ontology

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3rd International Workshop on Business/IT Alignment and Interoperability, BUSITAL 2008, Held in Conjunction with CAiSE 2008 Conference

作者： Huemer, C. Schmidt, A. Werthner, H. Zapletal, M. Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems Vienna University of Technology Austria SAP Research CEC St. Gallen Switzerland

Shorter life cycles of products and services require faster changing business models. Information systems must quickly adjust to the adapted business models. Business models are usually described by their own proprietary notation, which is incompatible with UML - the de-facto modeling standard in software engineering. In order to allow a straight-through modeling approach from business models over business process models to software artifacts, it is desirable to use a common modeling approach. Thus, we suggest to map existing concepts to describe business models onto the UML notation. In our work we mainly focus on inter-organizational systems. A promising approach describing a business model for an inter-organizational network of actors is delivered by e3-Value. In this paper, we present a discussion of different approaches to represent the e3-Value concepts by means of UML. A UML notation for e3-Value is a precondition to future work on aligning e3-Value to UML-based approaches specifying inter-organizational business processes.

关键词： software engineering

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A semantic web-based approach for context-aware user query formulation and information retrieval

A semantic web-based approach for context-aware user query f...

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作者： Hoang, Hanh Huu Nguyen, Tho Manh Tjoa, A Min Department of Information Systems Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Austrian Competence Center for Security Research

Formulating unambiguous queries in the Semantic Web applications is a challenging task for users. This article presents a new approach in guiding users to formulate clear requests based on their common nature of querying for information. The approach known as the front-end approach gives users an overview about the system data through a virtual data component which stores the extracted metadata of the data storage sources in the form of an ontology. This approach reduces the ambiguities in users'requests at a very early stage and allows the query process to effectively perform in fulfilling users'demands in a context-aware manner Furthermore, the approach provides a powerful query engine, called context-aware querying, that recommends the appropriate query patterns according to the user's querying context. Copyright © 2008, IGI Global.

关键词： Ontology

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Visual ontology alignment for knowledge sharing and reuse

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Journal of Knowledge Management 2008年第6期12卷 102-120页

作者： Lanzenberger, Monika Sampson, Jennifer J. Rester, Markus Naudet, Yannick Latour, Thibaud Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Department of Computer and Information Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway Institute of Design and Assessment of Technology Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Public Research Centre Henri Tudor Centre for IT Innovation Luxembourg-Kirchberg Luxembourg

Purpose - By providing interoperability users can be supported in sharing and reusing vocabularies and knowledge. Ontology alignment plays an important role in the context of semantic interoperability. Usually ontology alignment tools generate results that are difficult to understand or assess. In order to enable users to check and improve alignment results and to understand their consequences information visualization techniques are used. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relevant quality aspects in ontology alignment as well as current activities and available tools. Design/methodology/approach - Based on a literature study quality measures for ontology alignment identified and requirements for visual ontology alignment are defined. As a proof of concepts a prototype called AlViz was developed. Findings - Information visualization offers appropriate methods for the assessment of ontology alignment results. Different levels of detail and overview help users to navigate and understand the alignments. The assessment of semi-structured resources by users involves learning activities. The neighborhood of the entity under investigation bears relevant semantic information. Therefore, assessment may include crisscrossing acquisition of knowledge representations and their semantics. Originality/value - Along a comprehensive framework alignment assessment tasks are identified and visualization tool is introduced and applied which aims at making ontology alignment results manageable and comprehensible.

关键词： Audiovisual aids Knowledge management Knowledge sharing

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High Resolution Matting via interactive Trimap Segmentation

High Resolution Matting via Interactive Trimap Segmentation

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26th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), vol.3

作者： Christoph Rhemann Carsten Rother Alex Rav-Acha Toby Sharp Institute for Software Technology and Interactive Systems University of Technology Vienna Austria Microsoft Research Cambridge Cambridge UK Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel

We present a new approach to the matting problem which splits the task into two steps: interactive trimap extraction followed by trimap-based alpha matting. By doing so we gain considerably in terms of speed and quality and are able to deal with high resolution images. This paper has three contributions: (i) a new trimap segmentation method using parametric max-flow;(ii) an alpha matting technique for high resolution images with a new gradient preserving prior on alpha;(iii) a database of 27 ground truth alpha mattes of still objects, which is considerably larger than previous databases and also of higher quality. The database is used to train our system and to validate that both our trimap extraction and our matting method improve on state-of-the-art techniques.

关键词： Image databases Brushes Image resolution Paints interactive systems Image segmentation Pixel User interfaces Scholarships Topology

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Simulation of workflow scheduling strategies using the MAST test management system

Simulation of workflow scheduling strategies using the MAST ...

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International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV)

作者： Munir Merdan Thomas Moser Dindin Wahyudin Stefan Biffl Pavel Vrba Automation & Control Institute University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Software Technology & Interactive Systems University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria Research Center Rockwell Automation Prague Czech Republic

Workflow simulation is an effective approach to investigate dynamic workflow scheduling and evaluate system performance. In this paper we report on a test management system for the evaluation of a range of workflow scheduling strategies based on multi-agent negotiation, where each resource agent performs local scheduling using dispatching rules. The newly developed test management system runs test cases on the manufacturing agent simulation Tool (MAST), which provides comprehensive support for performance measurement and data analysis reporting.

关键词： System testing Job shop scheduling Dynamic scheduling System performance Resource management Performance evaluation Dispatching Virtual manufacturing Analytical models Measurement

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interactive, Task-Oriented Visualizations to Explore Decay Chain Calculation

Interactive, Task-Oriented Visualizations to Explore Decay C...

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International Conference on Information Visualisation (IV)

作者： M. Eller S. Miksch J. Lettry Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems University of Technology Vienna Austria Danube-University of Krems Austria European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) Switzerland

Most applications in physical calculations provide powerful multivariate outputs but use rather simple visual representations (diagrams) without the possibilities to explore the resulting data sets. Interdependences in the data are overlooked or stay unseen and the analysis is very time-consuming, because of the difficulty and complexity for users to grasp the results. In this paper, we present a tool which combines a visual structure recognised by the physical community with interactive information visualization techniques to support the analysis of decay chain calculations. In a case study we showed that our tool helped experts in the field to analyse radioactive decay chains where the representation of results is more concise and conclusions are easier drawn

关键词： Chemical elements Protons Isotopes Data visualization Atomic measurements Neutrons interactive systems Application software Information analysis Radioactive decay

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Enhanced business intelligence - supporting business processes with real-time business analytics

Enhanced business intelligence - supporting business process...

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International Workshop on Database and Expert systems Applications

作者： A. Seufert J. Schiefer Aerospace Research Laboratories Office of Aerospace Research University of Applied Science Ludwigshafen Institute for Software Technology and Interactive Systems

In the 21st century, organizations are experiencing environmental changes characterized by indistinct organizational boundaries and fast-paced change. As a result firms need appropriate decision support infrastructures in order to face these challenges. Current data warehousing and business intelligence approaches are widely accepted as a middleware layer for state-of-the-art decision support. However, they do not provide sufficient support in dealing with the upcoming challenges, such as real-time and closed loop decision making. In this paper, we suggest an architecture for enhanced business intelligence that aims to increase the value of business intelligence by reducing action time and interlinking business processes into decision making.

关键词： Bismuth Information analysis Decision making Investments Companies Data analysis Real time systems interactive systems Warehousing Middleware

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On cooperatively creating dynamic ontologies

On cooperatively creating dynamic ontologies

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16th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, HT 2005

作者： Gahleitner, Eva Behrendt, Wernher Palkoska, Jürgen Weippl, Edgar FAW Software Engineering gGmbH Hauptstrasse 119 A-4232 Hagenberg Austria Salzburg Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH Jakob Haringer Str. 5/III A-5020 Salzburg Austria Institute for Applied Knowledge Processing Altenbergerstr. 69 A-4040 Linz Austria Institute for Software Technology and Interactive Systems Information and Software Engineering Group Favoritenstrasse 9-11/188 A-1040 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)1595931686

Collaborative construction of ontologies is still hampered by immature methodologies and by tools which are insufficient for domain experts who are not at the same time, knowledge engineers. The DynamOnt project has set out to develop a methodology for collaboratively creating group ontologies which evolve over time as well as in space and internal complexity. The project also seeks to identify requirements and specifications for tools which will support the construction of such dynamically evolving ontologies. Major issues are the guidance of knowledge workers towards soundly constructed ontologies with the help of upper level ontologies and an exploration into language issues - in our case the scenario for constructing ontologies, if German is the language of choice for the domain experts. We also investigate the relationship between terminology and ontology, which we view as a bridge between linguistically motivated and IT motivated standardisation of conceptual models. We envisage knowledge workers' environments of the future to be tightly integrated systems with their hypertextual capabilities being controlled by ontologically sound interaction and navigation models. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Ontology

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