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Correlations of Coal Chemical Properties in China: Quantitative Analysis from Thousands of Data

Energy Procedia 2017年 105卷 1339-1343页

作者： Chang’an Wang Song Wu Wufeng Chen Qiang Lv Defu Che State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University No 28 Xianning West Road Xi’an 710049 China

Coal chemical properties show conspicuous impacts on its reactivity and thermal conversion. Nevertheless, the quantitative analysis of coal property indice in China is insufficient. Here, we quantitatively analyzed the correlations of various chemical properties of coals from thousands of data. Noteworthy variations were captured with some quantified expressions between coal properties obtained.

关键词： coal property quantitative analysis fuel ratio coal rank energy conversion fossil fuel

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Gas and Liquid flow Rate Measurement in Wet Gas Based on Differential Pressure Signals

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Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Mechanical engineering 2017年第24期53卷 55-62页

作者： Bai, Bofeng Zheng, Xuebo Qiu, Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Scientific Information Division Xinjiang Oilfield Company Karamay834000 China

The basic characteristics of differential pressure signals and the limitation of flow rate metering methods based on differential pressure are studied analytically and experimentally. Through the investigation into differential pressure signals of orifice plate and V-cone, it is found that the two-phase differential pressure is mainly caused by gas phase and is slightly affected by the liquid phase. In the case of low liquid hold up, the frictional pressure drop can be decreased due to the presence of the thin liquid film on the wall, resulting in that the two-phase differential pressure, pressure loss and pressure loss ratio decrease at first and then increase as the liquid hold up increases. The fluctuation of the differential pressure is stochastic, causing the fluctuation characteristic parameters, such as the standard deviation, having the properties of poor stability and repeatability. This makes it difficult to be applied to industrial wet gas metering. The error propagation analysis demonstrates that the prediction error of liquid phase flow rate is much larger than that of the gas phase, which is a universal phenomenon of metering methods based on over-reading correlations. Finally, we recommend that for wet gas with high gas void fraction, the liquid flow rate should be measured independently. The non-monotonicity of the pressure loss ratio needs to be concerned if it is chosen as the characteristic parameter. Parameters with poor repeatability, such as standard deviation, are not recommended for wet gas metering. © 2017 Journal of Mechanical engineering.

关键词： flow rate

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Computational fluid dynamics simulation of hydrodynamics in the riser of an external loop airlift reactor

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Particuology 2016年第4期14卷 95-101页

作者： Xuedong Jiang Ning Yang Bolun Yang Department of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Center for Mesoscience and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Local hydrodynamics in the riser of an external loop airlift reactor （EL-ALR） are identified and the performances of three drag models are evaluated in computational fluid dynamics simulation. The simulation results show that the Schiller-Naumann drag model underestimated the local gas holdup at lower superficial gas velocity whereas the Tomiyama drag model overestimated that at higher superficial gas velocity. By contrast, the dual-bubble-size （DBS）-local drag model gave more reasonable radial and axial distri-butions of gas holdup in all cases. The reason is that the DBS-local drag model gave correct values of the lumped parameter, i,e., the ratio of the drag coefficient to bubble diameter, for varying operating conditions and radial positions. This ratio is reasonably expected to decrease with increasing superficial gas velocity and be smaller in the center and larger near the wall. Only the DBS-local drag model correctly reproduced these trends. The radial profiles of the axial velocity of the liquid and gas predicted by the DBS-local model also agreed well with experimental data.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics External loop airlift reactor Drag model Gas holdup Mnltiscale Mesoscale

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An overview of photocatalytic materials

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Journal of Materiomics 2017年第1期3卷 1-2页

作者： Shaohua Shen Coleman Kronawitter George Kiriakidis International Research Centre for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityShaanxi 710049China Department of Chemical Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Foundation for Research and Technology HellasP.O.Box 152771110 HeraklionGreece

Photocatalysis is an emerging technology that enables a wide variety of applications,including degradation of organics and dyes,antibacterial action,and fuel generation through water splitting and carbon dioxide *** inorganic semiconducting materials have been explored as photocatalysts,and the versatility of these materials and reactions has been expanded in recent *** the relationship between the physicochemical properties of photocatalytic materials and their performances as well as the fundamentals in catalytic processes is important to design and synthesis of photocatalytic materials.

关键词： materials. reduction. photocatalytic

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Effects of Coal Blending and Operating Conditions on Combustion and NO x Emission Characteristics in a Tangentially-fired Utility Boiler

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Energy Procedia 2017年 105卷 4015-4020页

作者： Debo Li Qiang Lv Yongxin Feng Chang’an Wang Xuan Liu Kai Chen Kai Xu Jun Zhong Defu Che Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation Guangzhou 510080 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

The influences of operating conditions, such as excess air ratio and SOFA arrangement, on temperature distributions, species distributions, NO x emissions and burnout of a tangentially-fired utility boiler using bituminous and blended coal were investigated by numerical approach in the present study. The simulation results show that the fuel type exhibits certain effect on the temperature distributions and the NO x emissions. Moreover, higher excess air ratio could restrain the CO formation but promote NO x emission. The temperature and the species distributions are highly related to the SOFA arrangement. In addition, SOFA technology is still an effective approach to control the NO x emissions during blended coal combustion, while the disadvantageous effect on char burnout should be considered.

关键词： coal blending combustion NOx emission numerical simulation utility boiler

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Numerical Study on Combustion and Heat Transfer Properties Under Oxy-fuel Condition in a 600MW Utility Boiler

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Energy Procedia 2017年 105卷 4009-4014页

作者： Debo Li Xuan Liu Chang’an Wang Kai Xu Qiongliang Zha Qiang Lv Yongxin Feng Jun Zhong Defu Che Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation Guangzhou 510080 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

Oxy-fuel combustion is recognized as one of the most promising CO 2 capture technologies. Under oxy-fuel combustion, the concentrations of CO 2 and H 2 O are much higher, result in different temperature profiles and heat transfer properties. In this study, a modified computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model-was developed for a 600 MW tangentially-fired boiler. Different oxygen volume fractions and two flue gas recycle modes (dry recycle and wet recycle) were numerically investigated, focusing on the properties of combustion and heat transfer. The results indicate the peak temperature in the burner zone decreases in oxy-fuel combustion, because of the high heat capacity and chemical reactivity of CO 2 . Compared with air-fired combustion, similar total heat transfer rate in furnace can be achieved at 27.0% and 28.3% of oxygen volume fraction for wet and dry recycle. These findings indicate retrofitting an existing boiler with oxy-fuel combustion technology is entirely feasible.

关键词： oxy-fuel combustion WSGGM numerical simulation combustion properties heat transfer properties

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Investigation on Correlations between Chemical Properties of High-alkali Solid Fuels

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Energy Procedia 2017年 142卷 1040-1044页

作者： Chang’an Wang Xin Zhu Jun Song Xuan Liu Qiang Lv Defu Che State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China Ningxia Electric Power Research Institute Yinchuan 750002 China

The ash-related issues due to the high-alkali characteristic are still unresolved during utilization of biomass and Zhundong coal. Here, the correlations of several chemical properties of high-alkali solid fuels were investigated. The distributions of ash compositions in various biomass exhibit obvious diversity, while the distribution of K 2 O content within wheat and corn straws are the most scattered. The ash content in biomass shows a decrease tendency with the increase of carbon content. Zhundong coals generally have medium but close ash fusion points despite of quite different ash compositions sometimes.

关键词： high alkali chemical property Zhundong coal biomass ternary distribution

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Study on measurement of 3D movement for particles based on defocused image

Study on measurement of 3D movement for particles based on d...

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The 14th Asian Symposium on Visualization

作者： Minhua Jia Wu Zhou Xiaoshu Cai Institute of Particle and Two-phase Flow Measurement Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science & Technology

Based on the principle of depth from defocus,a three-dimensional positioning method based on two images with different degrees of blur was proposed for moving *** theoretical analysis,simulation work and experimental study of the 3 D movement measurement for micrometer-sized particles are carried out,respectively.A system was established for measuring experiments of three-dimensional particle movement,using single lens and dual *** distance between the lens and one of the cameras was adjusted by increasing the spacers of different *** the same object distance,two images with different degree of blur were *** image was transformed into gradient image by the adaptive edge detection algorithm based on gradient *** on the theory of moment invariants,the bright area of the image edge compared to the whole image is calculated,and the ratio of the two defocus radius α is *** to the formula of the object distance u,the depth position of the particle can be realized without *** order to verify the feasibility of the system,the simulation studies were conducted based on the calibrated parameters of the system,and images of the standard dots of 45μm to 2000μm were captured and processed for *** results show that during simulation,the error is less than 2% in 15 times depth of field of the imaging system,and the error in experiments is less than 8% in 12 times of depth of *** the results show that the size of particles has little effect on the accuracy of the method.

关键词： 3D movement defocused image moment-invariants degree of blur

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Black TiO_(2) for solar hydrogen conversion

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Journal of Materiomics 2017年第2期3卷 96-111页

作者： Bin Wang Shaohua Shen Samuel S.Mao School of Science MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China International Research Centre for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityShaanxi710049China Xi'an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy SuzhouJiangsu215123China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720United States Samuel Mao Institute of New Energy Science Hall1003 Shangbu RoadShenzhen518031China

Titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))has been widely investigated for photocatalytic H_(2) evolution and photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting since ***,its wide bandgap(3.0-3.2 eV)limits the optical absorption of TiO_(2) for sufficient utilization of solar *** TiO_(2) has been proposed as an effective strategy to enhance its solar absorption and thus the photocatalytic and PEC activities,and aroused widespread research *** this article,we reviewed the recent progress of black TiO_(2) for photocatalytic H_(2) evolution and PEC water splitting,along with detailed introduction to its unique structural features,optical property,charge carrier transfer property and related theoretical *** summarized in this review article,black TiO_(2) could be a promising candidate for photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen generation via water splitting,and continuous efforts are deserved for improving its solar hydrogen efficiency.

关键词： Black TiO_(2) Photoelectrochemical water splitting Photocatalytic Hydrogen evolution

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Product-based Carbon Constraint Energy Planning with pinch analysis for sustainable methanol industry in China

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Chemical engineering Transactions 2017年 61卷 103-108页

作者： Qin, Zhen Tang, Kai Wu, Xiaomei Yu, Yunsong Zhang, Zaoxiao School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

For the purpose of greenhouse gas control in chemical industries, the industrial structure adjustment and lowcarbon technology retrofit are the alternatives for policymakers and plants to simultaneously meet the energy demand and carbon emission limit. Considering the various technological sources and predictable product demand in methanol production industries, this paper presents the method of Product-based Carbon Constraint Energy Planning (PCEP) combined with improved GM(1,1) model to analyse the practical interaction between energy demand and carbon emission for methanol industry in 2020 in China. The results show that without any emission reduction measures, the total carbon emissions of methanol industry in 2020 would be 4.84 times larger than that of 2011. By enhancing the methanol production of biomass routing and conducting the project of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) in all coal-to-methanol plants, the total carbon emissions would be 36.01 % less than the given carbon constraint. Besides, at least 65 % of coal-to-methanol plants should be retrofitted with CCS on the consideration of the current challenges of biofuel development in order to meet the carbon constraint. The energy structure of China and the inherent property with high carbon content in coal determine that the coal-to-methanol routing contributes the most of methanol supply but also the maximum carbon emissions in the methanol industry, even if policymakers and plants take measures to adjust the industrial structure and retrofit the existing plants with low-carbon technology. Copyright © 2017, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.

关键词： Chemical industry

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