Chemical looping methane reforming has emerged as a promising avenue to produce blue hydrogen. Among the various oxygen carriers investigated for this process, Fe2O3 and NiO have garnered significant attention due to ...
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This study examines the acid and alkaline treatment of pine wood to help understand the effect of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) content on the pyrolysis behavior at different temperatures. Acid and alkali p...
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This study examines the acid and alkaline treatment of pine wood to help understand the effect of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) content on the pyrolysis behavior at different temperatures. Acid and alkali pretreatment of pine wood were conducted to modify AAEMs content by ion-exchanging method. Thermal kinetic behavior of the pretreated samples was first conducted by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) at different heating rates that provided activation energies of pyrolysis. Gas formation behavior of the samples for different extents of conversion was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor at two different temperatures of 823 K and 1073 K. Evolutionary behavior of the gas components during pyrolysis, including flow rate, and yield and their energy content were measured and compared. Results showed that the values of activation energies increased with the extent of conversion for all the pretreated samples examined. The effect of AAEMs on pyrolysis behavior of biomass varied with the extent of conversion. The presence of AAEMs in biomass decreased the decomposition energy at low conversion while it greatly improved under high conversion. Besides, alkali treated sample with higher AAEM content enhanced the gas and char yield while it reduced the bio-oil production at low temperature with low conversion. However, at high temperature the opposite trend was observed. Presence of AAEMs was favorable for the generation of H2, CO, CO2 and CnHm at low temperature, while it showed an inhibition effect on CO and CnHm yield and syngas energy at high temperature. The catalytic mechanism of AAEMs on the pyrolysis behavior at different temperatures was discussed based on activation energy and gaseous formation. Results revealed decomposition of carboxylate at low temperature and formation of stable biomass-Na (BM-Na) structure at high temperature that led to the variation of activation energy and changed gaseous products yield and syngas energy. Acid washing pretreatment wa
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries have attracted increased interest because of the high theoretical energy density,low cost,and environmental *** polymers(CPs),as one of the most promising materials used in Li-S batteries...
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Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries have attracted increased interest because of the high theoretical energy density,low cost,and environmental *** polymers(CPs),as one of the most promising materials used in Li-S batteries,can not only facilitate electron transfer and buffer the large volumetric change of sulfur benefiting from their porous structure and excellent flexibility,but also enable stronger physical/chemical adsorption capacity toward polysulfides(LiPSs)when doped with abundant heteroatoms to promote the sulfur redox kinetics and achieve the high sulfur *** review firstly introduces the properties of various CPs including structural CPs(polypyrrole(PPy),polyaniline(PANi),polyethylene dioxothiophene[PEDOT])and compound CPs(polyethylene oxide(PEO),polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and poly(acrylic acid)[PAA]),and their application potential in Li-S ***,the research progress of various CPs in different components(cathode,separator,and interlayer)of Li-S batteries is systematically ***,the application perspective of the CPs in Li-S batteries as a potential guidance is comprehensively discussed.
The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow around the bubble induced by the Lorentz force owing to the applied magnetic field significantly affects the behavioral characteristics of the bubble on the electrode surface. Howeve...
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This work describes a simple yet powerful scalable solution chemistry strategy to create back‐contact rich interfaces between substrates such as commercial transparent conducting fluorine‐doped tin oxide coated glas...
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This work describes a simple yet powerful scalable solution chemistry strategy to create back‐contact rich interfaces between substrates such as commercial transparent conducting fluorine‐doped tin oxide coated glass(FTO)and photoactive thin films such as hematite for low‐cost water oxidation ***‐resolution electron microscopy(SEM,TEM,STEM),atomic force microscopy(AFM),elemental chemical mapping(EELS,EDS)and photoelectrochemical(PEC)investigations reveal that the mechanical stress,lattice mismatch,electron energy barrier,and voids between FTO and hematite at the back‐contact interface as well as short‐circuit and detrimental reaction between FTO and the electrolyte can be alleviated by engineering the chemical composition of the precursor solutions,thus increasing the overall efficiency of these low‐cost photoanodes for water oxidation reaction for a clean and sustainable generation of hydrogen from PEC water‐*** findings are of significant importance to improve the charge collection efficiency by minimizing electron‐hole recombination observed at back‐contact interfaces and grain boundaries in mesoporous electrodes,thus improving the overall efficiency and scalability of low‐cost PEC water splitting devices.
Chemical looping methane reforming has emerged as a promising avenue to produce blue hydrogen. Currently, the satisfactory CH4 conversion and H2 productivity are usually seen under temperatures above 800 °C. Such...
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We investigate the dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) water flow within angstrom-scale channels (ASCs), a domain scarcely explored in nanofluidics. Our study focuses on the transformation of monolayer water through hybr...
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We investigate the dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) water flow within angstrom-scale channels (ASCs), a domain scarcely explored in nanofluidics. Our study focuses on the transformation of monolayer water through hybrid channels made of graphene and MoS2, as well as channels where both walls are made of either graphene or MoS2, with sizes ranging from 6 to 8 Å. We find that the transport of monolayer water through ASCs is significantly hindered under low-pressure conditions at nanoscale timescales. To comprehensively explore the flow dynamics, we introduce a refined extension of the Hagen-Poiseuille equation that accounts for frictional slippage dynamics. Our results indicate that hybrid channels exhibit lower flux compared to monochannels. These findings provide valuable insights into the 2D flow mechanisms of monolayer water molecules, highlighting their distinctive interactions with channel walls and unique structural properties.
The optical model of the volumetric solar receiver has been built and corresponding solar radiation propagation process within the receiver is simulated by the Monte Carlo ray tracing method(MCRT). In the computation,...
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M5 alloy is highly potential to serve as cladding materials in nuclear reactors. In this work, corrosion characteristics of M5 alloy in lithiated/borated water and pure supercritical water were investigated, and influ...
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