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Cascade utilization of full spectrum solar energy for achieving simultaneous hydrogen production and all-day thermoelectric conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 318-327页

作者： Tuo Zhang Liang Dong Baoyuan Wang Jingkuo Qu Xiaoyuan Ye Wengao Zeng Ze Gao Bin Zhu Ziying Zhang Xiangjiu Guan Liejin Guo International Research Center for Renewable Energy(IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Solar-driven photocatalytic water/seawater splitting holds great potential for green hydrogen ***,the practical application is hindered by the relatively low conversion efficiency resulting from the inadequate utilization of solar spectrum with significant waste in the form of ***,current equipment struggles to maintain all-day operation subjected to the lack of light during ***,a novel hybrid system integrating photothermal catalytic(PTC)reactor,thermoelectric generator(TEG),and phase change materials(PCM)was proposed and designed(named as PTC-TEG-PCM)to address these challenges and enable simultaneous overall seawater splitting and 24-hour power *** PTC system effectively maintains in an optimal temperature range to maximize photothermal-assisted photocatalytic hydrogen *** TEG component recycles the low-grade waste heat for power generation,complementing the shortcoming of photocatalytic conversion and achieving cascade utilization of full-spectrum solar ***,exceptional thermal storage capability of PCM allow for the conversion of released heat into electricity during nighttime,contributing significantly to the overall power output and enabling PTC-TEG-PCM to operate for more than 12 h under the actual *** to traditional PTC system,the overall energy conversion efficiency of the PTC-TEG-PCM system can be increased by∼500%,while maintaining the solar-to-hydrogen *** advancement of this novel system demonstrated that recycling waste heat from the PTC system and utilizing heat absorption/release capability of PCM for thermoelectric application are effective strategies to improve solar energy *** flexible parameter designing,PTC-TEG-PCM can be applied in various scenarios,offering high efficiency,stability,and sustainability.

关键词： Hybrid solar energy conversion system Photocatalytic overall seawatersplitting Thermoelectric power generation Phase change materials All-day operation

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Evaluation of stability and catalytic activity of Ni catalysts for hydrogen production by biomass gasification in supercritical water

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2019年第1期2卷 95-101页

作者： Youjun Lu Hui Jin Rui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering(SKLMFPE) Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Supercritical water gasification is a promising technology for wet biomass *** this paper,Ni and other metal catalysts were synthesized by wet *** stability and catalytic activities of Ni catalysts were ***,catalytic activities of Ni,Fe,Cu catalysts supported on MgO were tested using wheat straw as raw material in a batch reactor at 723 K and water density of 0.07 cm^(3)/*** results showed that the order of metal catalyst activity for hydrogen generation was Ni/MgO>Fe/MgO>Cu/***,the influence of different supports on Ni catalysts performance was *** results showed that the order of the Ni catalysts’activity with different supports was Ni/MgO>Ni/ZnO>Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)>Ni/ZrO_(2).Finally,the effects of Ni loading and the amount of Ni catalyst addition on hydrogen production,and the stability of Ni/MgO catalyst were *** was found that serious deactivation of Ni catalyst in the process of supercritical water gasification took *** if carbon deposited on the catalyst surface was removed by high temperature calcination and the catalyst was reduced with hydrogen,the activity of used catalyst was only partially restored.

关键词： Ni catalyst Deactivation Biomass gasification Supercritical water Hydrogen production

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Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Microchannel Heat Sink with Highly-Dense Micro-Jet Arrays

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1148-1160页

作者： ZHANG Yu CHEN Xiaoyan MIAO Lin CHEN Liang HOU Yu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Beijing Aerospace Technology Institute Beijing100083China

This paper proposed a new structure of highly-dense micro-jet arrays for hybrid jet-impingement/microchannel heat sinks(~120 jet per cm^(2) with jet width of 0.35 mm).Parametric study is performed to investigate the influence of structure and flow parameters on the convective heat transfer of water jet cooling in confined *** simulation results show that the optimal jet width,jet spacing and impingement distance are around 0.2 mm,0.2 mm and 0.3 mm,respectively,which can achieve a low thermal resistance as well as a relatively low pressure *** analysis of the heat transfer pathways shows that the micro-fin jet structures can extend the impinging heat transfer area and conduct a considerable proportion of heat,which can reach up to 38.9%with the Reynolds number ranging from 797.1 to *** heat transfer characteristics in the heat sink will shift from impingement dominated heat transfer to the channel-convection dominated heat transfer as the jet impingement distance increases.A correlation is proposed to predict the average Nusselt number on the stagnation area for the heat sink with different structure parameters,and the deviations of predictions from the numerical results are less than 10%.

关键词： hybrid heat sink impingement microchannel thermal management high heat flux

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Crystalline carbon nitride with in-plane built-in electric field accelerates carrier separation for excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 160-165页

作者： Wengao Zeng Yuchen Dong Xiaoyuan Ye Ziying Zhang Tuo Zhang Xiangjiu Guan Liejin Guo International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Achieving a high carrier migration efficiency by constructing built-in electric field is one of the promising approaches for promoting photocatalytic activity. Herein, we have designed a donor-acceptor(D-A) crystalline carbon nitride(APMCN) with 4-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine(AP) as electron donor, in which the pyrimidine ring was well embedded in the heptazine ring via hydrogen-bonding effect during hydrothermal process. The APMCN shows superior charge-transfer due to giant built-in electric field(5.94times higher than pristine carbon nitride), thereby exhibiting excellent photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate(1350 μmol/h) with a high AQY(62.8%) at 400 nm. Mechanistic analysis based on detailed experimental investigation together with theoretical analysis reveals that the excellent photocatalytic activity is attributed to the promoted charge separation by the giant internal electric field originated from the D–A structure.

关键词： Crystalline carbon nitride Built-in electric field Donor-acceptor structure Photocatalysis Hydrogen production

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Load cycling rate of power-to-heat molten salt thermal storage and power generation system: Dynamic modeling and performance evaluation

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Journal of Energy Storage 2025年 125卷

作者： Wenting Hu Ming Liu Jihong Zhang Shunqi Zhang Junjie Yan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Xi'an 710054 China

To develop a low-carbon power system with high renewable energy penetration, this study proposes a novel power-to-heat energy storage and power generation (P2HES-PG) system, which utilizes molten salt thermal storage technology to achieve flexible heat-power decoupling and rapid load regulation. By establishing dynamic models, the rapid load cycling dynamic characteristics and exergy destruction evolution of the P2HES-PG system under different load ranges were investigated. The results demonstrate that, within a 25% THA amplitude, the maximum load down rates in the high, medium, and low load ranges are 15%, 12%, and 11% P e min −1 , respectively, while the maximum load up rates reach 17%, 14%, and 11% P e min −1 , exceeding the ramping rate of conventional power units. During load cycling processes, significant fluctuations in molten salt circulation flowrate were observed, directly affecting the thermal storage/release dynamics of the steam generator (SG) and the system's thermal performance. Dynamic exergy analysis indicates the condenser maintains a stable 20% exergy destruction share, while turbine and mechanical contributions increase with higher loads, and the regenerative system peaks at 13.97% during the low-load range loading down process. The SG exhibits lower exergy destruction than ideal conditions during the loading down process and higher destruction during the loading up process, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing system control strategies and improving system variable load energy efficiency.

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Experimental investigations on combustion characteristics of syngas composed of CH_(4),CO,and H_(2)

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2010年第4期4卷 404-410页

作者： Qingwei FAN Shien HUI Qulan ZHOU Qinxin ZHAO Tongmo XU State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The residual gas and remained raw gas in dual gas resources polygeneration system are quite complex in components(mainly CH_(4),CO,and H_(2)),and these results to the distinguished differences in combustion *** investigations on basic combustion characteristics of syngas referred above are conducted on a laboratory-scale combustor with flame temperature and flue gas composition measured and *** air coefficient(PA),total air coefficient(TA),and components of the syngas(CS)are selected as key factors,and it is found that PA dominates mostly the ignition of syngas and NOx formation,while TA affects the flue gas temperature after high temperature region and NOx formation trend to be positive as H_(2)/CO components *** results provide references for industrial utilization.

关键词： dual gas resources polygeneration lean premixed combustion residual gas remained raw gas NOx emission

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Progress in hydrogen enriched hydrocarbons combustion and engine applications

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Frontiers in Energy 2014年第1期8卷 73-80页

作者： Zuohua HUANG Jinhua WANG Erjiang HU Chenglong TANG Yingjia ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'anJiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The paper summarized the work on hydrogen enriched hydrocarbons combustion and its application in engines. The progress and understanding on laminar burning velocity, flame instability, flame structure flame and chemical kinetics were presented. Based on funda- mental combustion, both homogeneous spark-ignition engine and direct-injection spark-ignition engine fueled with natural gas-hydrogen blends were conducted and the technical route of natural gas-hydrogen combined with exhaust gas recirculation was proposed which experimen- tally demonstrated benefits on both thermal efficiency improvement and emissions reduction.

关键词： hydrogen enriched hydrocarbon combustion,fundamental study engine application

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Experimental research on catalysts and their catalytic mechanism for hydrogen production by gasification of peanut shell in supercritical water

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中国高等学校学术文摘·能源与动力工程 2007年第4期1卷 451-456页

作者： PEI Aixia GUO Liejin JIN Hui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Peanut shell,mixed with sodium carboxymethylcellulose,was gasified at a temperature of 450℃ and a pressure range from 24 to 27 MPa with the presence of different catalysts,including K2CO3,ZnCl2 and *** experimental results show that different catalysts have greatly different effects on the *** efficiency (GE),hydrogen gasification efficiency (GHE),carbon gasification efficiency (GCE),yield of hydrogen production (YH2) and potential yield of hydrogen production (YPH2) are applied to describe the catalytic *** the result of gaseous components,ZnCl2 has the highest hydrogen selectivity,K2CO3 is lower,and Raney-Ni is the lowest,but Raney-Ni is the most favorable to gasify biomass among the three catalysts,and its GE,GHE,GcE reach 126.84%,185.71%,94.24%,*** expected,hydrogen selectivity increased and CH4 reduced rapidly when the mixture of ZnCl2 and Raney-Ni is used under the same *** optimization mixture appeared when 0.2 g of ZnCl2 was added to 1 g of Raney-Ni,43.56 g·kg-1 of hydrogen production was *** addition,the catalytic mechanisms of different catalysts were analyzed,and the possible reaction pathway was brought forward,which helped to explain the experiment phenomena and results correctly.

关键词： biomass supercritical water gasification,hydrogen production

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Heavy Metal Migration Characteristics of Co-Combustion between Sewage Sludge and High Alkaline Coal on Circulating Fluidized Bed

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 2178-2188页

作者： LI Yaode YANG Dong ZHOU Xihong DONG Le SUO Lihui SUN Wenbo State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China College of Energy&Power Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132000China

The migration characteristics of heavy metals in co-combustion of sewage sludge and high alkali coal in circulating fluidized bed were studied by experiments and simulations. Temperature plays a crucial role in thermodynamic equilibrium distribution and migration characteristics of heavy metals. At the temperature range of 700℃-1200℃, Hg is completely gaseous and the proportion of Pb, Ni, and Cd in the gas phase is also high. As is mainly elemental in the system, and the proportion of Cr in the solid phase is large. Zn compounds are diverse and mostly solid materials. The volatility of Cu is not strong, and it will become gaseous when the temperature exceeds 1700℃. The proportion of heavy metals in the gas phase decreases as the excess air ratio increases. In an oxygen-rich atmosphere, most of Zn and Ni are converted to oxides;Pb and Cd are converted to crystalline silicate;Cu is converted to partial aluminate;Cr compound is decomposed to form Cr_(2)O_(3);they are good for the solidification and controlling of heavy metals. The elemental Hg is converted to HgCl_(2) and the elemental As is converted to AsCl_(3). Temperature also has a great influence on the volatilization rate of heavy metals. The higher the temperature, the shorter the time they reach the maximum volatility.

关键词： co-combustion heavy metal migration circulating fluidized bed sewage sludge high alkali coal

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Numerical study on laminar flame speed of natural gas-carbon monoxide-air mixtures

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2010年第4期4卷 411-416页

作者： Chen DONG Qulan ZHOU Qinxin ZHAO Tongmo XU Shi’en HUI State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Laminar flame speeds of natural gas-carbon monoxide-air mixtures are calculated by CHEMKIN II with GRI Mech-3.0 over a large range of fuel compositions,equivalence ratios,and initial *** calculated results of natural gas are compared with previous experimental results that show a good *** calculated laminar flame speeds of natural gas-carbon monoxide-air mixtures show a nonmonotonic increasing trend with volumetric fraction of carbon monoxide and an increasing trend with the increase of initial temperature of *** maximum laminar flame speed of certain fuel blend reaches its biggest value when there is 92%volumetric fraction of carbon monoxide in fuel at different initial *** stoichiometric natural gas-carbon monoxide-air mixtures are selected to study the detailed chemical structure of natural gas-carbon monoxide-air *** results show that at stoichiometric condition,the fuel blend with 80%volumetric fraction of carbon monoxide has the biggest laminar flame speed,and the C normalized total production rate of methane with 80%volumetric fraction of carbon monoxide is the largest of the five stoichiometric mixtures.

关键词： laminar flame speed numerical study nonmonotonic increasing trend

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