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Novel Matching Strategy for the Coupling of Heat Flux in Furnace Side and CO_(2)Temperature in Tube Side to Control the Cooling Wall Temperatures

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1251-1267页

作者： LIU Chao MIAO Zheng XU Jinliang XU Zeyu LI Mingjia Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System North China Electric Power UniversityMinistry of EducationBeijing 102206China Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Energy&Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Required by the supercritical carbon dioxide(s CO_(2))coal-fired power cycle,s CO_(2)entering a boiler has a high temperature and can cause overheating of *** eliminate the pressure drop penalty effect,the s CO_(2)boiler consists of several modules,each having different heat flux received from the furnace side(q)and different CO_(2)temperature in the cooling wall tube(T_f).We aim to search for the best matching strategy coupling furnace side and tube side to obtain the lowest temperature of *** theoretically analyzing the wall temperature influenced by q,T_f and a comprehensive thermal resistance C,two matching methods are introduced:the heat flux-temperature matching(HTM)which matches higher q with lower T_f,and the heat flux-heat flux matching(HHM)that matches higher q with higher allowable-heat-flux at the temperature limit of *** is a conventional method but HHM is newly proposed *** show that,if C is identical for different modules,the two methods coincide;otherwise,HHM is *** a s CO_(2)boiler driving 1000 MWe power plant,smaller cooling wall temperatures are obtained by HHM than *** on HHM,the mid-partition wall,heat transfer enhancement,and downward flow are comprehensively used,decreasing the wall temperature significantly.

关键词： sCO_(2)power cycle sCO_(2)modular boiler cooling wall temperature allowable heat flux matching strategy

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A state-of-the-art review on the utilization of biochar as renewable energy for the sustainable steel industry

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Applied Energy 2025年 394卷

作者： Shan Ren Siyi Yang Hongsheng Chen Liang Wang Manyi Liu Guangwei Wang Chunbao Xu College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science & Tech. Beijing Beijing 100083 China School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong

The steel industry is a major contributor to global anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, accounting for nearly 10 % of the total. Within this sector, ironmaking processes, particularly those using the traditional blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace route, are responsible for almost 90 % of the industry's CO₂ emissions. Biochar, derived from renewable feedstocks, offers a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels for ironmaking. This review examines the cutting-edge techniques for producing biochar and recent advancements in utilizing biochar across various ironmaking processes, including sintering/pelletizing, coke making, blast furnace injection, and direct reduction iron processes, with a focus on reducing CO₂ emissions. Despite demonstrated benefits such as reduced pollution, improved burden permeability, and enhanced gas utilization efficiency in pilot and industrial trials, large-scale biochar application remains limited by the varying quality requirements of different processes. Innovatively, a green hydrogen-metallurgical route that utilizes hydrogen-rich syngas derived from biomass and biochar is proposed in this work, serving as a comprehensive solution to address the challenges associated with the quality discrepancies of biochar produced by different carbonization methods and the diverse quality requirements for biochar in various ironmaking processes. This solution not only underscores its potential to significantly transform the iron and steel industry towards a more sustainable and low-carbon future, but also highlights the innovative contributions of this research to the fields of renewable energy, solid waste resources, metallurgical industry, and global climate change.

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Exhaust recovery of vehicle gasoline engine based on organic rankine cycle

Exhaust recovery of vehicle gasoline engine based on organic...

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SAE 2011 World Congress and Exhibition

作者： Zhang, Xinxin Zeng, Ke Bai, Sujuan Zhang, Ying He, Maogang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

When the global energy consumption continues to increase, the research hotspot in the field of internal combustion engine (ICE) is how to improve the fuel utilization efficiency to achieve the energy saving. But as far as the engine efficiency is concerned, it has been very difficult to improve the fuel utilization efficiency after the Gasoline Direct-Injection (GDI) and Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) technology were adopted. In this study, the exothermic distribution of fuel was studied detailedly when a TOYOTA 8A-FE gasoline engine operated at different working conditions through conducting steady-state experiment. Only one third of fuel's chemical energy is converted into effective work by engine, the rest is released to the environment in the form of waste heat generated from cooling and exhaust gas. But except the waste heat that has to be released to the environment according to the second law of thermodynamics, the rest can be theoretically utilized. If the waste heat of the vehicle engine can be recovered, the engine efficiency will be evidently improved. Results on the exergy analysis show that the exergy in the exhaust gas is about 45-70% and it will evidently increase with the increase of engine load and revolution. So it will have a good effect on exhaust recovery when the engine has a heavy load. Considering the character of exhaust gas, the Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC) is adopted to recover the waste heat of engine's exhaust gas. The thermodynamic performances of the cycle were analyzed and R113 was determined to be the working fluid. The experimental exhaust gas recovery system used to testify the aforementioned theoretical calculation was designed and established. The system consists of exhaust gas simulation device, expander, condenser, dynamometer, pump and data acquisition and processing system. In experiment, the performance parameter and power output of the Organic Rankine Cycle were measured. The expander show a high isentropic ef

关键词： Recovery

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Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Liquid Layer and Disturbance Waves in Horizontal Annular flow

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Journal of Thermal Science 1999年第4期8卷 235-242页

作者： Li Weidong Zhou Fangde Li Rongxian Zhou Lixing Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The mechanism for transporting liquid from the bottom of the pipe to the top still to be established in the prediction of the film thickness distribution in horizontal annular two-phase flow. To resolve this issue, using five parallel-wire conductance probes, time records of local liquid film thickness at five circumferential positions were collected. The characteristics of circumferential liquid film thickness profiles and its variation with gas and liquid velocities were obtained. The basic features of probability distribution function, probability density function, auto-correlation, cross-correlation and power spectrum density function of the disturbance waves in angular flow were studied respectively. The characteristics of circumferential profiles of disturbance waves and its variation with gas and liquid velocities were presented.

关键词： two-phase flow annular flow liquid layer disturbance wares.

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Navigating the Dual Pathways of Ion Removal in flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization: Capacitive Trapping vs. Electrodialytic Migration

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Gu, Haibo Hou, Chengsi Mao, Yunfeng Wu, Deli School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science & Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

By introducing flowing electrodes, FCDI enables desalination through dual mechanisms of electrodialytic and capacitive effects. Clarifying their distinct roles is essential to advance tailored system design and performance enhancement. This work elucidates the antagonistic interplay between capacitive trapping and electrodialytic migration in flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) through both electrochemical characterization and multiphysics modeling. Experimental analyses reveal that elevated flow rates enhance electrodialytic migration but impair capacitive adsorption. Multivariate parametric studies demonstrate that capacitive dominance prevails at high current densities and low electrolyte concentrations, whereas electrodialytic effects peak under high electrolyte concentration and moderate flow rates. The balance between the effects of electrodialysis (ED) and capacitive deionization (CDI) is greatly impacted by convective mass transfer, which is caused by the electrode flow rate. While higher solid weight percentages in the flow electrode improve the CDI effect by increasing the number of active sites for salt adsorption, increased electrode flow rates maximize the ED effect by encouraging ion transport in the electrolyte. In short words, strategies to promote free ions dispersing in the electrolyte would enhance the electrodialytic contribution, whereas the concentration polarization would benefit the capacitive contribution. This work opens the door for the exploration of upgrading FCDI architectures and optimizing operation parameters while providing insights into the intricate interactions within the system. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Desalination

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Laminar flame speeds of iso-octane/n-butanol blends-air mixtures at elevated temperatures

Laminar flame speeds of iso-octane/n-butanol blends-air mixt...

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9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2013

作者： Zhang, Xinyi Yu, Huibin Tang, Chenglong Gong, Jing Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

In this work, laminar flame speed of iso-octane/n-butanol-air mixtures was studied using the outwardly expanding spherical flame method and high-speed schlieren photography technique over a wide range of equivalence ratios and blending ratios at elevated initial temperatures. To interpret the dependence of the laminar flame speed on volume fraction of n-butanol in fuel blends (f vb), mechanistic interpretation was attempted through examining thermodynamic property, diffusive property and oxidation kinetics of the mixtures. Furthermore, the measured laminar flame speeds were fitted as a function of equivalence ratio, initial temperature and n-butanol fraction so as to provide some engineering merits.

关键词： Speed

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A review on thermal application of metal foam

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第12期63卷 2469-2490页

作者： CHEN Kang GUO LieJin WANG Hui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Solar Engineering Technology Northwest Engineering Corporation LimitedPowerChinaXi’an 710065China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Heat exchangers embedded with metal foam are drawing increasing attention in the thermal application field,due to the performance of low density,large ratio of surface area to volume as well as high thermal conductivity. In these applications,compact heat exchanger,solar thermal facilities and thermal energy storage are the three core components. This paper focuses on the lasted advances in thermal applications,presenting a review of theoretical and experimental progress over metal foam in thermal application. The empirical and theoretical models for pressure drop,heat transfer coefficient and performance evaluation criteria of compact heat exchangers with metal foam are reviewed and discussed,especially different optimized *** is a trade-off between heat transfer enhancement and increase of pressure drop. Some exploratory work performed by present authors are also introduced. The manufacturing,heat transfer and flow characteristics of tube bundle wrapped with metal foam are taken into account for optimization of heat exchanger. It is confirmed that the conversion mechanism of heat transfer is carried out that heat conduction is the dominative term at high dimension permeability. The correlations of heat transfer rate and pressure drop for staggered and single row tube bundle wrapped with metal foam are concluded,respectively. The effects of different bonding methods are revealed for point-contact in metal foam and base tube. The powder-sintering method can provide a stable and minimum-thickness bonding layer. Various types of solar thermal facilities utilized metal foam to improve the energy conversion efficiency from solar radiant energy to thermal energy are also reviewed and discussed,including solar collector for intermediate-low temperature utilization and solar receiver for high temperature utilization. The Last but not least,existing and future metal foam thermal application stations are overviewed.

关键词： metal foam heat transfer enhancement solar thermal facilities thermal energy storage

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Comparative study on PM emission of gasoline/propanol isomers

Comparative study on PM emission of gasoline/propanol isomer...

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9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2013

作者： Gong, Jing Huang, Bin Gu, Xiaolei Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

Propanol isomers are oxygenated fuels that have the potential to reduce the emission of engines. Particulate matter (PM) emissions of gasoline/propanol isomers blends have been comparatively investigated at different blending ratios of propanol isomers (0%, 10%, 20%, 40% and 100%) and EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) rates (0% and 10%). Pure propanol isomers show significantly different emission characteristics compared to the other blends. PM number concentration decreases when EGR is introduced while little variation of PM mass concentration is observed. N-propanol mixtures produce higher PM number concentration than those of iso-propanol mixtures at the same blending ratio caused by their distinctively molecular structures and properties. The present study shows iso-propanol gives better performance as a gasoline additive compared to n-propanol.

关键词： Mixtures

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Low temperature overpressurization analysis for CPR1000

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 145-153页

作者： Liang, Yu Wang, Mingjun Li, Zhen Liao, Haoyu Zhang, Dalin Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Huaneng Shandong ShidaoBay Nuclear Power Plant China

An additional low temperature overpressure protection system which relies on the Pressurizer (PRZ) pressure relief valves has been put forward under the situation in which the Residual Heat Removal System (RHRS) is unavailable or isolated. Taking into account the risk of Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) brittle fracture and LOCA under cold overpressurization transients, it is urgent to strengthen the low temperature overpressure protection for in-service Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) in China. In this paper, the simulation and analysis of two types of overpressure transients at low temperature during the shutdown process are carried out through the detailed Relap5 modeling of CPR1000. The results show that the place where the brittle fracture occurs firstly is the lower plenum. The sensitivities of the system temperature and the opening/closing time of the additional protection system's valve are analyzed. The system set point becomes more restrictive at lower coolant temperature. Additional threshold values of the PRZ pressure relief valve are given under different Effective Full power Years (EFPY). The set point should be less than 5.5 MPa in the case of 5 EFPY and less than 3.7 MPa at 10 *** results can be applied to engineering practice, which can effectively improve the safety of CPR1000. © 2021

关键词： Pressure relief valves

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Pool boiling heat transfer enhancement by γ-Al2O3 /FC-72 nanofluids on a smooth surface 15

Pool boiling heat transfer enhancement by γ-Al2O3 /FC-72 na...

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15th International Heat Transfer Conference, IHTC 2014

作者： Kong, Xin Wei, Jinjia Ding, Jie Zhang, Yonghai State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong Uniersity Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

The influence of γ-Al2O3/FC-72 nanofluids on pooling boiling heat transfer with a smooth surface was experimentally investigated. The fluorocarbon surfactant FSO-100 was also used in the experiment. In order to distinguish the effects of surfactant, four groups of contrast tests were designed as follows: base fluids (FC-72), base fluids with nanoparticles (γ-Al2O3+FC-72), base fluids with surfactant (FC-72+FSO-100) and nanofluids with surfactant (γ-Al2O3/FC-72+FSO-100). The results of nanofluids with surfactant showed that the heat transfer performance is enhanced compared with base fluid, but will weaken with the increase of particle concentration. In general, nanofluids can enhance the boiling heat transfer to some extent, and the enhancement is affected by the adjunction of surfactant and the sedimentation of nano-particules. Nanofluids prepared with only nanoparticles were not stable due to nonuniform distribution of the particles. The adjunction of surfactant (without nanoparticules) will lead to a significant deterioration in both heat transfer coefficient and CHF (Critical Heat Flux), but it can keep nanofluids stable and homogeneous to some degree for heat transfer enhancement.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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