The advancement of global endeavors to mitigate climate change significantly hinges upon developments within China's transportation sector. This study presents a pioneering examination of the pivotal role of biodi...
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Supercritical water (SCW) gasification technology can realize efficient utilization of coal, which can convert coal to hydrogen-rich gas. But polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy components, intermediates of sup...
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To the Editor,Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a chronic autoimmune disease with serious harm to human health and various clinical manifestations,which is characterized by over-activity of lymphocytes,production of...
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To the Editor,Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a chronic autoimmune disease with serious harm to human health and various clinical manifestations,which is characterized by over-activity of lymphocytes,production of autoantibodies,and effects on multiple organs.1 So far,the pathogenesis of SLE remains unclear;it is believed that genetic,environmental,infectious,and other factors participate in the pathogenesis of *** the gradual in-depth study of transcriptomics,genetic factors may be the root cause of SLE,2 and epigenetics plays an important role in genetic factors of SLE.3 Epigenetics means heritable changes in gene expression without shifting the DNA *** principal mechanisms of epigenetic regulation include histone modification,DNA methylation,and regulation of noncoding *** the past,studies of transcriptomics mainly focused on protein-coding ***,protein-coding genes that encode exons account for 1.5%of the genome,and genes without protein-coding capability account for more than 80%of the human genome.4 Therefore,studies of transcriptomics began to pay attention to long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs),which play key roles in transcription control,posttranscriptional processing,protein metabolism,immune cell differentiation,and immune responses.5 However,knowledge of related lncRNAs in SLE remains limited.
Solid-state hydrolysis of NaBH4 could achieve high-capacity on-line hydrogen production. However, the stability of hydrogen production in the solid-state hydrolysis process has been questioned. In this paper, a novel ...
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The industrial applications of de-NOx require the high activity window of the catalysts to be shifted from high to low temperatures for energy saving. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by CO, as an alternativ...
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Objective Port-wine stains (PWS) are congenital vascular malformations caused by the abnormal dilation of capillaries and venules in the skin. Affecting 0.3%‒0.5% of newborns, PWS typically manifest as pinkish patches...
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Objective Port-wine stains (PWS) are congenital vascular malformations caused by the abnormal dilation of capillaries and venules in the skin. Affecting 0.3%‒0.5% of newborns, PWS typically manifest as pinkish patches on the face and neck that darken and thicken over time, significantly impacting patients’physical and mental well-being. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) therapy, based on selective photothermolysis, is the gold standard for PWS treatment. By targeting hemoglobin in abnormal blood vessels with specific wavelengths, PDL induces thermal damage to the vasculature while sparing surrounding tissues. However, due to variability in skin types, lesion depths, and laser parameters, clinical outcomes often depend on subjective evaluations and physician experience. These limitations underscore the urgent need for objective, quantitative, and noninvasive methods to assess skin structure and monitor treatment efficacy. This study integrates reflectance spectroscopy with an inverse Monte Carlo radiation method to quantify changes in key skin parameters before and after laser treatment. By measuring and reconstructing parameters such as epidermal thickness, melanin volume fraction, blood volume fraction, and blood oxygen saturation, this study establishes a robust framework for evaluating treatment outcomes and optimizing laser parameters. Additionally, it investigates differences in treatment responses between pediatric and adult patients, providing critical insights for personalized therapeutic strategies. Methods Eleven patients with PWS underwent pulsed dye laser (PDL) therapy at a wavelength of 595 nm, with an energy density of 8 J/cm2 and a fixed spot diameter of 7 mm. Reflectance spectra of the skin were measured before and after treatment using an HR400 CG-UV-NIR spectrometer (Fig. 1). To enhance efficacy, a double-irradiation strategy was employed, in which the second laser exposure followed the first after five minutes. For spectral analysis, an inverse Monte Carlo r
Carbon nitride-based photocatalysts hold an enormous potential in producing hydrogen.A strategy to simultaneously create isotype heterojunctions and active sites in highly-crystallized carbon nitride is anticipated to...
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Carbon nitride-based photocatalysts hold an enormous potential in producing hydrogen.A strategy to simultaneously create isotype heterojunctions and active sites in highly-crystallized carbon nitride is anticipated to significantly boost the photocatalytic activity,but is yet to be ***,we find that cobalt salt added in the ionothermal synthesis can promote the phase transition of heptazine-based crystalline carbon nitride(CCN)to triazine-based poly(triazine imide)(PTI),rendering the creation of singleatom cobalt coordinated isotype CCN/PTI ***-CCN/PTI exhibits an appreciable apparent quantum yield of 20.88%at 425 nm for photocatalytic hydrogen production with a rate achieving3538μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)(λ>420 nm),which is 4.8 times that of CCN and 27.6 times that of *** high photocatalytic activity is attributed to the Type II isotype highly-crystallized CCN/PTI heterojunction for promoting charge carrier migration,and the single-atom Co sites for accelerating surface oxidation reaction.
The characteristics of supercritical heat transfer and flow patterns visualization were investigated experimentally. System parameters are pressure of 7.4 ~ 8.44 MPa, the mass flux of 600 ~ 1600 kg·m -2 ·s -...
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The limited availability of studies on the natural convection heat transfer characteristics of fluoride salt has hindered progress in the design of passive residual heat removal systems(PRHRS)for molten salt *** paper...
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The limited availability of studies on the natural convection heat transfer characteristics of fluoride salt has hindered progress in the design of passive residual heat removal systems(PRHRS)for molten salt *** paper presents results from a numerical investigation of natural convection heat transfer characteristics of fluoride salt and heat pipes in the drain tank of a *** results are compared with experimental data,demonstrating the accuracy of the calculation *** distribution of fluoride salt and heat transfer characteristics are obtained and *** radial temperature of liquid fluoride salt in the drain tank shows a uniform distribution,while temperatures increase with increase in axial height from the bottom to the top of the drain *** addition,natural convection intensity increases with increase in height of the heat pipes in the *** between heat pipes has no obvious effect on the natural convection heat transfer *** study will contribute to the design of passive heat removal systems for advanced nuclear reactors.
Due to the advantages of mobility, safety and universality, the heat pipe reactors have great competitiveness in many applications such as strategic defense locations, remote communities, and emergency locations. In a...
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