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Regulation on polymerization degree and surface feature in graphitic carbon nitride towards efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible-light irradiation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第3期98卷 160-168页

作者： Cheng Cheng Chung-Li Dong Jinwen Shi Liuhao Mao Yu-Cheng Huang Xing Kang Shichao Zong Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy(IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering(MFPE)Xi'an Jiaotong University(XJTU)28 West Xianning RoadXi’an 710049China Department of Physics Tamkang University151 Yingzhuan RoadTamsui 25137TaiwanChina

A kind of graphitic carbon nitride(TSC-550) with high polymerization degree and improved surface property was prepared by a new precursor of thiosemicarbazide. The sulfur motif and high nitrogen content in thiosemicarbazide promoted the polymerization of thiosemicarbazide to form graphitic carbon nitride framework with high degree of polymerization, which significantly influenced the electronic structure and surface chemical properties. TSC-550 possessed a narrow bandgap of 2.19 eV that facilitated the utilization of visible light, and possessed a less positive charge, acidic surface that resulted in enhanced hydrogen adsorption ability in water solution, which promoted the H;evolution kinetics. In addition, the extended π-conjugated electronic system promoted the separation and migration of photogenerated charge carries in plane of TSC-550 framework, as well as the increasing interlayer C–N interactions in TSC-550 created conductive paths across the layers to tunnel interlayers for rapid electron transportation. As a result, TSC-550 nanosheets showed excellent photocatalytic H;production activity,the AQY achieved 36.4% at 425 nm.

关键词： Degree of polymerization Graphitic carbon nitride Photocatalysis Solar energy Hydrogen

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Deformation Analysis and Prediction of Pneumatic Probe Based on Fluid-structure Interaction

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International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems 2023年第1期16卷 1-13页

作者： Fan, Yang Dexin, Qiu Xinwei, Zhao Qingyi, Sai Xiaoshu, Cai School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 516 Jungong Road Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Sh anghai for Science and Technology No. 516 Jungong Road Shanghai200093 China

As an essential tool for measuring flow field, pneumatic probes have gained a wide range of applications. In order to obtain the flow field parameters accurately, it is also crucial to study the deformation of the pneumatic probe structure in flow field. In this paper, the deformation of the conical probe is numerically simulated under the condition of steady incoming flow in the transonic flow field. The fluid-structure interaction and modal analysis methods are used to obtain the deformation and vibration frequency of the probe. The results show that the vibration of the probe is underdamped under the action of two-way fluid-structure interaction, and the total deformation decays exponentially, and the total deformation after stabilization is the same as the result of one-way fluid-structure interaction. For the same material probe, the total deformation changes with time in the same dimensionless expression, and the vibration frequency as well as damping factor do not change due to the variation of flow field. The accuracy of the dimensionless expressions was verified by different incoming flow conditions and the probe material. For the cases studied in this paper, the maximum total deformation, vibration frequency and damping factor of the probe in the flow field can be obtained by using one-way fluid-structure interaction, modal analysis and two-way fluid-structure interaction with a small number of cycles, respectively, so that the total deformation of the probe in the flow field can be predicted over time. The method obtained in this paper can significantly reduce the calculation time for obtaining the probe deformation data in the flow field and improve the work efficiency, which can provide a reference for the design, calibration and application of probes in engineering applications. © 2023, Turbomachinery Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Modal analysis

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Numerical analysis of the axial lead-bismuth pump performace base on the different rotation speed 18

Numerical analysis of the axial lead-bismuth pump performace...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Wang, Kailin Li, Liangxing Xie, Wei Zhang, Shuangbao State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road 28# Xi’an city710049 China

The hydraulic performance of lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) pump is of great importance for the safety aspects concerning lead-alloy cooled fast reactors (LFRs). To investigate the effect of different rotation speed on the performance of axial LBE pump, different rotation speed axial LBE pumps are designed by planar cascade and streamline method with the same mass flow rate and hydraulic head. Ansys BladeGen is used to establish the three-dimensional model of the axial-flow pump. CFD software (Ansys CFX) carry out numerical calculation. Numerical studies are used to compared the performance between two pumps with different rotation speed. To improve the accuracy of CFD simulation, the numerical result is verified by grid independence method and compared with theoretical calculation result. The flow velocity of the liquid LBE have great impact on the design of LBE pump because of the requirement to avoid affect of corrosion. It is found that the maximum flow velocity of low rotation speed pump is about 7.8 m/s, which is lower than the maximum flow velocity of high rotation speed pump in the case of constant volume and performance. Performance of low rotation speed pump meets the requirements of the reactor operating under long-term high load. The research results could be a viable solution used as a reference for the development of LFRs. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pumps

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Laminar burning velocity of gasoline and gasoline surrogates under various pressures and temperatures 12

Laminar burning velocity of gasoline and gasoline surrogates...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Hu, Erjiang Xu, Zhaohua Gao, Zhenhua Huang, Zuohua Stake Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Shaan Xi710049 China

The outwardly propagating spherical flame method was used to measure the laminar burning velocity of a commercial gasoline fuel having RON of 92 and gasoline surrogate. Measurements were conducted at the equivalence ratio of 0.8 to 1.5, initial temperatures of 358 K, 403 K, and 448 K and initial pressures of 1 atm, 2 atm and 5atm in a constant volume bomb. The surrogate of primary reference fuel (PRF-92, 92% iso-octane + 8% n-heptane) and toluene reference fuel (TRF-92, 16.69% iso-octane + 22.65% n-heptane + 60.66% toluene) were proposed to match the laminar burning velocity of gasoline (CNPC 92#). It could be found that the TRF-92 was able to successfully reproduce the laminar burning velocity of the gasoline under various experimental conditions. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Gasoline

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A study of auto-ignition of H2/CO/O2/Ar mixtures at elevated pressure and moderate temperature using shock tube

A study of auto-ignition of H2/CO/O2/Ar mixtures at elevated...

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9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2013

作者： Thi, Luong Dinh Zhang, Yingjia Fu, Jin Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

Ignition delays of stoichiometric syngas mixtures (H2/CO/O 2) diluted with argon were measured behind the reflected shock wave at pressures of 0.2, 1.0 and 2.0 MPa, temperature from 896 to 1264 K, equivalence ratios of 0.3, 1.0 and 1.5. The effect of non-ideal conditions on ignition delays, determined by pressure trace behind the reflected shock wave (pressure rise rate is approximately 4.22%/ms), was used to calculate. Six available mechanisms were selected to simulate the ignition delays of syngas mixtures, the predicted results were compared with the measured ones. These results indicated that there is no mechanism can calculate accurately ignition delays over all testing conditions. The ignition delays predicted with three mechanisms (Davis 2005, USC ver 2.0, NUI nc5-49) are close to the measured ones. Using the Davis mechanism to analyse reaction kinetics, the achieved results showed that the reaction R1 dominates the ignition process of syngas. The reaction R31 plays an important promoted role in ignition process of syngas mixtures.

关键词： Shock tubes

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Experimental study on pressure oscillation caused by unstable steam jet in subcooled water flow

Experimental study on pressure oscillation caused by unstabl...

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International Conference on power engineering, ICOPE 2015

作者： Yang, Xiao-Ping Chen, Yi Zong, Xiao Liu, Ji-Ping Chong, Dao-Tong Yan, Jun-Jie MOE Key Laboratory of Thermal Fluid Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

The dominant frequency of pressure oscillation caused by unstable steam jet in subcooled water flow in a narrow channel was experimentally investigated. In this study, a visualized test section with rectangular channel, steam nozzle and water nozzle was designed. A high speed camera was employed to record flow patterns. In order to investigate the characteristics of pressure oscillation in the channel, several high frequency dynamic pressure transducers were arranged on the wall of the channel. The main inlet parameters, including steam mass flux, water mass flux and inlet water temperature were tested in the range of 150-400kg/(m2s), 6-18×103kg/(m2s) and 15-40°C. Two different unstable flow patterns were observed as bubble flow and oscillation jet. The dominant frequency of pressure oscillation under various test conditions was obtained by fast Fourier transform (FFT) method. The results indicated that the dominant frequency was dependent on the variation of condensation length of the steam jet. The longer the condensation length, the lower the dominant frequency. The influence of steam mass flux, water mass flux and inlet water temperature on dominant frequency was discussed. The dominant frequency would decrease with the increase of steam mass flux and inlet water temperature, but increase with the water mass flux. © 2015 The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Condensation

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Phase engineering of Nanomaterials: Metal Nanomaterials

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2025年 1-44页

作者： Chen, Ye Liu, Jiawei Yun, Qinbai Cheng, Hongfei Cui, Xiaoya Fan, Zhanxi Fu, Lei Gao, Chuanbo Ge, Jingjie Ge, Yiyao Guo, Shaojun Han, Sumei Hong, Xun Huang, Bolong Huang, Hongwen Huang, Xiaoqing Liao, Xiaozhou Ling, Chongyi Liu, Dong Lu, Yang Lu, Qipeng Niu, Wenxin Saleem, Faisal Shao, Minhua Shao, Qi Shi, Zhenyu Song, Li Sun, Shouheng Tilley, Richard D. Wang, Deli Wang, An-Liang Wang, Jinlan Xi, Pinxian Xia, Younan Xiong, Yujie Yang, Nailiang Yin, Pengfei Yu, Yifu Zhang, Zhicheng Zhou, Meng Zhu, Ye Zhang, Hua Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM) City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & Energy Institute The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 999077 Hong Kong Shanghai Key Laboratory for R & D and Application of Metallic Functional Materials Institute of New Energy for Vehicles School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources School of Materials Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Resource Low-carbon Utilization and New Materials China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Sate Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN) Department of Applied Chemistry Univers

Phase is a fundamental structural parameter that distinguishes the atomic arrangement in materials. The recent advancement in phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN) has witnessed the discovery and intriguing physicochemical properties of a number of unconventional phases in metal nanomaterials, enabling their promising applications in catalysis, optics, and so on. With the aid of advanced characterization techniques and theoretical calculations, phase engineering of metal nanomaterials has made significant progress in terms of precisely controlled synthesis, phase transformation, and phase-dependent property studies. This review summarizes the recent progress of PEN with a focus on metal nanomaterials. First, we introduce various synthetic strategies to prepare unconventional-phase metal nanomaterials, including monometallic and multimetallic nanomaterials. Second, we discuss methods to realize phase transformation of metallic nanomaterials. Then, we demonstrate various phase-dependent properties and applications of metal nanomaterials. Last, current challenges and exciting opportunities in the phase engineering of metal nanomaterials are discussed. © Jilin University, The Editorial Department of Chemical Research in Chinese Universities and Springer-Verlag GmbH 2025.

关键词： Metal nanomaterial Nanocatalysis Phase engineering of nanomaterial Phase-dependent property Unconventional-phase nanomaterial

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Experimental investigation of turbulent bubbly mixing layer using swirling strength method

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Huagong Xuebao/CIESC Journal 2009年第4期60卷 872-877页

作者： Ning, Tao Chen, Bin Guo, Fude Zhang, Ximin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

Turbulent bubbly mixing layer was experimentally investigated by PIV and analyzed by using the swirling strength method. The velocity ratio between high speed and low speed was 4:1 and the Reynolds number based on the velocity difference of two streams and hydraulic channel diameter ranged from 4400 to 132000. Bubbles with a diameter from 0.5 mm to 2 mm were injected into the flow field at the end of the splitter and in the low speed side separately. By using the swirling strength method, the vortex structures excluded the effect of shear were shown clearly, and were concentrated in the coniform area of the central mixing flow field. With increasing Reynolds number, swirling strength increased and the coniform area became narrow. Swirling strength first increased and then decreased along the downstream direction at the same Reynolds number. When injected at the end of the splitter, most of the bubbles were distributed in the downstream area of the mixing layer where swirling strength was larger. However, when the bubbles were injected in the low speed side, bubbles were mainly concentrated in the low speed side, but some of them could also be trapped by the vortex structures and move to the central part of the mixing layer. Compared with the single phase case, the results indicated that swirling strength was strengthened when the bubbles were injected at a low Reynolds number, while it was weakened at a high Reynolds number. © All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Reynolds number

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Novel method for simultaneous measurement of film thickness and mass fraction of urea–water solution

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Chinese Optics Letters 2014年第12期12卷 133-136页

作者：杨荟楠郭晓龙苏明旭蔡小舒 School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

Quantitative knowledge of the film thickness and mass fraction of the urea-water solution is very crucial in many practical applications. Film thickness or mass fraction can only be determined individually by conventional measurement techniques. We develop a novel measurement method to measure the film thickness and mass fraction of ure^water solution simultaneously. The absorption coefficients of urea-water solution （5 50 wt%） are measured, a pair of optimized wavelengths is then chosen to achieve high measurement sensitivity. Cross validation is also performed and uncertainties of the technique are smaller than 0.68% for thickness measurements and 1.86% for mass fractions.

关键词： Film thickness Metabolism Thickness measurement Uncertainty analysis Urea Water absorption

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Study on Combustion Characteristics of Coals in High Temperature Water Vapor Atmospheres

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Hsi-An Chiao Tung Ta Hsueh/Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University 2018年第12期52卷 84-92页

作者： Yao, Yashu Wen, Du Zhou, Qulan Li, Na State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

A scheme of adding high temperature water vapor to the combustion system to achieve low-nitrogen combustion is proposed to reduce NOx production during coal combustion, and its thermodynamic calculation and experimental research are carried out. Firstly, the possibility and limitation of the reactions in the volatile combustion process of coal after adding high temperature water vapor are examined by theoretical calculation based on the standard molar reaction Gibbs free energy change, the standard molar enthalpy and the equilibrium constant. Results of reaction path speculation show that in the high temperature water vapor atmosphere, the reactions of converting N element to N2 occur in the temperature range of coal combustion. Secondly, in reactions with various excess air coefficients, the equilibrium components after adding different concentrations of high temperature water vapor are calculated using the software HSC Chemistry. Results of the thermodynamic calculation show that the reaction of NOx precursor to N2 happens in a wide temperature range: when the temperature ranges from 700 to 800 and excess air coefficient lies between 0.6 and 0.8, the formation of NOx significantly reduces by adding high temperature water vapor;Reduction rate of NOx increases with the concentration of high temperature water vapor increasing. Eventually, the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal in water vapor and air atmosphere are tested in a pulverized coal fixed bed combustion experiment system. It shows that the formation of NOx is inhibited by adding high temperature water vapor and the effect is better that the result of the thermodynamic calculation, and the NOx reduction rate has a nonlinear relation with the water vapor concentration and the temperature. This study may provide an economical and efficient reference solution to low NOx combustion of coal. © 2018, Editorial Office of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University. All right reserved.

关键词： Coal combustion

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