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Research Square 2021年

作者： Wang, Jing Wang, Yizhuo Li, Qing Li, Zhanchao Xu, Liqing Li, Kuncai Wang, Hong Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710054 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710054 China

The transport mechanism of organic materials is still far away from being well understood and controlled although conducting polymers have been discovered since 1977. It is rare to see conducting polyers possessing high bipolar (p- and n-type) electrical conductivities within a single bulk doped organic polymer without the assistant of gate voltage. Here, we report a novel approach to provide high performance n-type materials by p-type doping. More importantly, the bipolar electrical conductivities of the donor-acceptor conducting polymer are high, resulting high bipolar power factors among the solution-processable ambipolar D-A copolymers. A fully organic p-n junction is created in a planar film, exhibiting a high rectification ratio of 2 x 102 at ±5 V with a high current density of 3 A/cm2. Structural and spectroscopic tests have been performed to provide a fundamental understanding of the polarity switching mechanism. The results open the opportunity of making p- and n-type modules with a single conducting polymer for future modern organic electronics. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Conducting polymers

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MgO and Au nanoparticle Co-modified g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts for enhanced photoreduction of CO_(2)with H_(2)O

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2021年第5期42卷 781-794页

作者： Naixu Li Meiyou Huang Jiancheng Zhou Maochang Liu Dengwei Jing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189JiangsuChina International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Material Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsChinese Academy of ForestryNanjing 210042JiangsuChina Suzhou Academy of Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou 215123JiangsuChina

The photoreduction of CO_(2)to achieve high-value-added hydrocarbons under simulated sunlight irradiation is advantageous,but *** this study,a series of MgO and Au nanoparticle-co-modified g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts were synthesized and subsequently applied for the photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)with H2O under simulated solar *** best photocatalytic performance was demonstrated by the Au and 3%MgO-co-modified g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts with CO,CH_(4),CH3OH,and CH3CHO yields of 423.9,83.2,47.2,and 130.4μmol/g,respectively,in a 3-h *** investigated the effects of MgO and Au as cocatalysts on photocatalytic behaviors,*** characterizations and experimental results showed that the enhanced photocatalytic activity was due to the synergistic effect among the components of the ternary *** cocatalyst MgO can activate CO_(2)(adsorbed at the interface between the MgO and Au particles),and the Mg-N bonds formed in the MgO-CN nanosheets played an important role in the charge ***,the Au particles that were modified into MgO/g-C_(3)N_(4)can increase the absorption of visible light via the surface plasmon resonance effect and further reduce the activation energies of the photoreduction of CO_(2)using *** study provided an effective method for the modification of traditional primary photocatalysts with promising performance for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.

关键词： CO2 photoreduction MgO Au g-C3N4 Photocatalysis Synergistic effect Cocatalyst

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Development of typical processes and key devices for direct air CO2 capture

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Meitan Xuebao/Journal of the China Coal Society 2024年第10期49卷 4203-4221页

作者： Yu, Binpeng Tan, Lei Wang, Ding Wang, Limin Xiang, Xiaofeng Wang, Zhichao Jin, Zhonghua Yang, Bolun Wu, Zhiqiang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Shaanxi Province Energy and Chemical Process Intensification Key Laboratory Xi’an710049 China School of Engery and Powerl Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an710049 China Shaanxi Engineering Research Center if Coal Fired Boiler Environmental Protection Xi’an710054 China

Conventional carbon capture and storage technologies and carbon capture, utilization and storage technologies mainly target CO2 emissions from fixed sources, while direct air capture CO2 (DAC) technology, as an emerging negative carbon emission technology, can capture CO2 emissions from distributed sources and further reduce the global atmospheric CO2 concentration. In this paper, the development process of DAC's typical liquid absorption process, solid adsorption process and the construction of relevant demonstration projects are introduced, the technical characteristics of emerging DAC processes are analyzed, and the key equipment schemes and future development trends of existing DAC processes are discussed. The DAC liquid absorption process has the characteristics of low cost of absorbent raw materials and high selectivity, which can realize a large-scale continuous capture, but high energy consumption in the regeneration process. The DAC solid adsorption process has the characteristics of modularity, low investment cost, and relatively low energy consumption in the regeneration process, but requires a regular replacement of adsorption materials and maintenance of adsorption equipment, which is suitable for small-scale DAC application scenarios. Two typical DAC process absorption/adsorption materials are reviewed. In the DAC electric oscillation adsorption process, CO2 is chemically captured in the solid electrode, and CO2 desorption is achieved by changing the polarity of the solid electrode with applied electric field. This process has a higher efficiency than that of the heat or pressure-based separation process. The CO2 in the air is selected through the DAC separation membrane to achieve an efficient carbon capture. The DAC process achieves the CO2 absorption and desorption through the change of humidity, which breaks through the high energy consumption limit of conventional variable temperature/pressure swing adsorption. The DAC bio-absorption process absor

关键词： Adsorption

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Study on Heat and Mass Transfer Distance of Water-Film Evaporation in Limited Space Using Dual-Wavelength Digital Holographic Interference

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liu, Jing-Nan Zhang, Meng-Meng Zhang, Lin-Xin Di, Jiang-Lei Zhao, Jian-Lin Gao, Ming Sun, Yue-Dong Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University Shaanxi Xi’an710129 China Advanced Institute of Photonics Technology School of Information Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou51006 China

To study the heat and mass transfer between evaporating water film and air in limited space, the temperature and humidity distributions of air near the flowing water film was measured using dual-wavelength digital holographic interference (DHI). The holograms were recorded by CMOS with two different wavelengths of 532 nm and 671 nm. We derived the relationships between the phase changes reconstructed from the holograms and the air temperature and humidity changes based on the Edlen formulas. A experimental model was built to generate steady water film and demonstrate the heat and mass transfer in air countercurrent to the water film, which flows down on the copper plate. The model has two symmetrical tunnels isolated by a copper plate in the middle, allowing to compare the cases of heat mass transfer with and without evaporation. The relative measurement errors of temperature and humidity are less than x% and y%, respectively, by comparing the reconstructed results with the sensor measured values. Based on the measurement results, the concept, feature transfer distance (FTD), is proposed, which characterizes the intensity of heat and mass transfer. By analyzing FTD, the main influencing factors of heat and mass transfer were obtained. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Evaporation

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High loading cotton cellulose-based aerogel self-standing electrode for Li-S batteries

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Science Bulletin 2020年第10期65卷 803-811,M0003页

作者： Heng Mao Limin Liu Lei Shi HuWu Jinxin Lang Ke Wang Tianxiang Zhu Yiyang Gao Zehui Sun Jing Zhao Guoxin Gao Dongyang Zhang Wei Yan Shujiang Ding Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of ScienceXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries have attracted considerable attention due to their high energy density(2600 Wh kg-1). However, its commercialization is hindered seriously by the low loading and utilization rate of sulfur cathodes. Herein, we designed the cellulose-based graphene carbon composite aerogel(CCA) self-standing electrode to enhance the performance of Li-S batteries. The CCA contributes to the mass loading and utilization efficiency of sulfur, because of its unique physical structure: low density(0.018 g cm-3), large specific surface area(657.85 m2 g-1), high porosity(96%), and remarkable electrolyte adsorption(42.25 times). Compared to Al(about 49%), the CCA displayed excellent sulfur use efficiency(86%) and could reach to high area capacity of 8.60 mAh cm-2 with 9.11 mgS loading. Meanwhile,the CCA exhibits the excellent potential for pulse sensing applications due to its flexibility and superior sensitivity to electrical response signals.

关键词： Cellulose-based graphene aerogel Self-standing electrode High sulfur loading Lithium-sulfur battery Pulse sensing

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Customizable Ligand Exchange for Tailored Surface Property of Noble Metal Nanocrystals

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 292-303页

作者： Qikui Fan Hao Yang Juan Ge Shumeng Zhang Zhaojun Liu Bo Lei Tao Cheng Youyong Li Yadong Yin Chuanbo Gao Frontier Institute of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710054China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&DevicesJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215123China Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaRiversideCalifornia 92521USA

It is highly desirable,while still challenging,to obtain noble metal nanocrystals with custom capping ligands,because their colloidal synthesis relies on specific capping ligands for the shape control while conventional ligand exchange processes suffer from“the strong replaces the weak”limitation,which greatly hinders their ***,we report a general and effective ligand exchange approach that can replace the native capping ligands of noble metal nanocrystals with virtually any type of ligands,producing flexibly tailored surface *** key is to use diethylamine with conveniently switchable binding affinity to the metal surface as an intermediate *** a strong ligand,it in its original form can effectively remove the native ligands;while protonated,it loses its binding affinity and facilitates the adsorption of new ligands,especially weak ones,onto the metal *** this means,the irreversible order in the conventional ligand exchange processes could be *** efficacy of the strategy is demonstrated by mutual exchange of the capping ligands among cetyltrimethylammonium,citrate,polyvinylpyrrolidone,and *** novel strategy significantly expands our ability to manipulate the surface property of noble metal nanocrystals and extends their applicability to a wide range of fields,particularly biomedical applications.

关键词： properties replace mutual

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MXene-derived Ni/TiO2-x/Ti3C2 catalyst for enhanced photothermal CO2 methanation: Unraveling the roles of photoexcited carriers

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Chemical engineering Journal 2025年 515卷

作者： Sun, Fan Xin, Yu Xing, Xueli Lou, Jiahui Wang, Qiliang Hong, Hui International Research Center for Renewable Energy & State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute Beijing102209 China Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology Jinan250100 China Department of Architecture and Built Environment University of Nottingham NottinghamNG7 2RD United Kingdom

Photothermal catalysis has emerged as a promising approach for CO2 conversion, which combines photo and thermal energy to drive catalytic reactions efficiently. While light can lower activation barriers and enhance reaction rates, the interplay between light and heat within the catalytic framework remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the critical role of photogenerated carriers in enhancing catalytic performance under solar irradiation, unraveling their contribution to the CO2-to-CH4 conversion process. A multilayer accordion-like Ni/TiO2-x/Ti3C2 catalyst, which exhibits excellent photothermal and photoelectric response characteristics was fabricated for efficient photothermal CO2 methanation. Experimental results demonstrated that introduction of light during thermal catalysis markedly enhanced the CO2 conversion rate, with a 55 % increase achieved at 548 K. Furthermore, the required temperature for maximum CO2 conversion rate was reduced by 50 K compared to the thermal-driven process. Meanwhile, the effects of concentrated ratio and incident wavelength on CO2 conversion were also examined, revealing a synergistic effect between photogenerated carriers and thermal energy. Further characterizations, including steady-state and transient photoluminescence spectroscopy, in-situ XPS, in-situ EPR, in-situ DRITFs, were employed to elucidate the enhancement mechanisms of photogenerated carriers in the catalytic reaction. At the same time, an outdoor experimental prototype was developed to verify the feasibility of photogenerated carrier-thermal synergistically driven CO2 methanation. Our findings provide valuable insights into the role of photo-generated carriers in photothermal CO2 methanation, offering new perspectives for the design of efficient photothermal catalysts and advancing solar catalytic CO2 conversion technologies. © 2025

关键词： Activation energy

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Thermal-mechanical coupling behavior analysis of solid-state constrained component in advanced nuclear energy system

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Energy 2025年 330卷

作者： Xuan Yang Quan Li Jing Zhang Yingwei Wu Yanan He Chenxi Li Mingjun Wang Kailun Guo Chenglong Wang G.H. Su Wenxi Tian Suizheng Qiu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu 610213 China

With the advantage of phase change heat transfer, heat pipes have the potential to replace flowing coolants for removing fission heat from nuclear reactors. However, the solid-state constrained heat transfer configuration poses mutual constraints between mechanical properties and heat transfer, and their long-term thermal-mechanical coupling behavior requires further investigation. Currently, research on long-term behavior is limited to either individual/local system components or a single physical field. In this paper, an analysis method for coupled thermal-mechanical behavior is proposed and verified, comprehensively considering thermal-mechanical properties, interactions between components, and the fission gas release. This method is employed to analyze the operating characteristics of a solid-state constrained component. The results indicate that prolonged operation leads to complete contact between structural components, generating high contact pressure that enhances heat transfer but increases creep. The release of gaseous fission products, accumulated over operating time, results in a synchronous increase in both gap and external contact pressures, reaching 5.2 MPa and 4.8 MPa, respectively. This process reduces the gas gap conductance, leading to elevated system peak temperatures and a reduction in temperature safety margins by 43 K. After heat pipe failure, continued operation significantly increases the local creep strain, up to 3.9 times that under normal conditions. The gap size and fuel gap pressure should be optimized to enhance gap heat transfer and reduce component creep. Excessive fission gas release should be avoided in fuel configuration. Reducing the system power following a single heat pipe failure can mitigate component creep and extend the operational lifespan.

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Mxene-Derived Ni/Tio2-X/Ti3c2 Catalyst for Enhanced Photothermal Co2 Methanation: Unraveling the Roles of Photoexcited Carriers

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Sun, Fan Xin, Yu Xing, Xueli Lou, Jiahui Wang, Qiliang Hong, Hui International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute Beijing102209 China Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology Jinan250100 China Department of Architecture and Built Environment University of Nottingham NottinghamNG7 2RD United Kingdom Institute of Engineering Thermophysics China

Photothermal catalysis has emerged as a promising approach for CO2 conversion, which combines photo and thermal energy to drive catalytic reactions efficiently. While light can lower activation barriers and enhance reaction rates, the interplay between light and heat within the catalytic framework remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the critical role of photoexcited carriers in enhancing catalytic performance under solar irradiation, unraveling their contribution to the CO2-to-CH4 conversion process. A multilayer accordion-like Ni/TiO2-x/Ti3C2 catalyst, which exhibits excellent photothermal and photoelectric response characteristics was fabricated for efficient photothermal CO2 methanation. Experimental results demonstrated that introduction of light during thermal catalysis markedly enhanced the CO2 conversion rate, with a 55% increase achieved at 275 ºC. Furthermore, the required temperature for maximum CO2 conversion rate was reduced by 50 ºC compared to the thermal-driven process. Meanwhile, the effects of concentrated ratio and incident wavelength on CO2 conversion were also examined, revealing a synergistic effect between photogenerated carriers and thermal energy. Further characterizations, including steady-state and transient photoluminescence spectroscopy, in-situ XPS, in-situ EPR, in-situ DRITFs, were employed to elucidate the enhancement mechanisms of photogenerated carriers in the catalytic reaction. At the same time, an outdoor experimental prototype was developed to verify the feasibility of photogenerated carrier-thermal synergistically driven CO2 methanation. The findings provide valuable insights into the role of photo-generated carriers in photothermal CO2 methanation, offering new perspectives for the design of efficient photothermal catalysts and advancing solar catalytic CO2 conversion technologies. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Methanation

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Research on control strategies for rapid load decrease events in fluoride salt reactor-supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle systems

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Nuclear engineering and Design 2025年 439卷

作者： Shichang, Yun Xinyu, Li Dalin, Zhang Ping, Song Wenxi, Tian Suizheng, Qiu Guanghui, Su State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Marine Thermal Power Technology Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan China

This study delves into the control strategies for the Fluoride-salt-cooled High-temperature Reactor-Supercritical CO2 (SCO2) Brayton cycle power generation system under rapid grid load reduction scenarios. By developing a dynamic simulation model, the system's dynamic response characteristics under rapid load changes were analyzed, and a combined control strategy emphasizing safety, speed, and economic efficiency was proposed. The research first compared the dynamic response characteristics and steady-state performance of different bypass configurations under load rejection conditions. The computational results indicate that all three bypass control systems exhibit excellent load-following capabilities, effectively responding to a 50 % load step change within 10 s. However, significant differences were observed in their steady-state thermodynamic performance: the upper cycle bypass control achieves the highest steady-state efficiency (η = 29.92 %), followed by the turbine bypass control (η = 27.50 %), with the heat source bypass control showing relatively lower efficiency (η = 26.49 %). Although the upper cycle bypass offers superior efficiency, it leads to a substantial increase in the working fluid flow through the compressor (ΔQ = 15 %) during operation, raising the risk of compressor blockage and necessitating additional flow restriction and anti-blocking interlock control systems. Considering system safety, control complexity, and engineering feasibility, the turbine bypass system, with its relative independence and lower operational risk, is deemed more suitable as the primary control strategy for load rejection conditions. Building on this, the study proposes a combined control strategy that leverages the strengths of both bypass control and inventory control. During the initial phase of rapid load reduction, the bypass control system quickly adjusts the turbine bypass valve opening to promptly respond to grid load changes, ensuring system frequency stability

关键词： Frequency stability

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