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SSRN 2023年

作者： He, Qian Xu, Chaokai Tan, Shengdong Tang, Yaxin Xi, Shibo Yao, Bingqing Wade, Austin Zhao, Binbin Lu, Shangchen Tian, Mingjiao He, Chi Ma, Lu Fu, Xingjie Shi, Jiwei Lu, Jiong Howe, Alexander G.R. Dai, Sheng Luo, Guangfu Du, Yankun Department of Material Science and Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 EA #03-09 Singapore117575 Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island 627833 Singapore Thermo Fisher Scientific 5350 NW Dawson Creek Drive HillsboroOR United States State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 12 Science Drive 2 117549 Singapore Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai200237 China

We investigated the industrially important PtSn/Al2O3 catalysts prepared with uniform particle sizes (~ 1 nm) and varied compositions using molecular complexes of Pt(II) and Sn(II). Our best catalyst, with a Sn:Pt ratio of around 2, exhibited a high initial propylene productivity of about 1.1 mol C3H6 (g catalyst)-1 h-1. Elaborate electron microscopy studies revealed significant compositional variations in the catalyst, highlighting the practical challenges in achieving or confirming the theoretically predicted optimum Sn:Pt ratio. It is also found that the catalytic activities correlate well with the Pt dispersion, suggesting the structure-insensitive nature of the dehydrogenation reaction applies in these ultrasmall Pt-Sn nanoparticles. The presence of Pt-rich particles in the catalysts did not produce noticeable degradations in the reaction selectivity, indicating a wide composition range for Pt-Sn nanoparticles to be effective at the 1 nm size range. These findings emphasize the importance of detailed analysis of compositional distributions for understanding nanoalloys. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electron microscopy

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Facile Synthesis of Bulk Au-Co-Coox-Ceox@Iron Ball and its Photocatalytic Application in 4-Nitrophenol Degradation

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sun, Li Qiao, Zhili Zhi, Yuan Zhang, Hua Dou, Binlin Shan, Yuejin Huang, Weijia School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Jun Gong Road 516 Shanghai200093 China R&D Department Shanghai Minrula Biotechnology Co.Ltd Building 15 Haji Sixth Road 218 Shanghai201306 China Department of Material and Environmental Chemistry Research Division of Functional Materials Design Utsunomiya University Yoto 7-1-2 Utsunomiya321-8585 Japan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering China

Bulk noble metal-semiconductor composites can be chosen as photocatalysts to carry out the continuous-flow (C-F) degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) whereas their preparation is complex and uncontrollable. Here, bulk Au/Co-CC@iron ball is designed and prepared by a facile and controllable route without any toxic chemical. The bulk Au/Co-CC@iron ball shows excellent photocatalytic activity and reusability for the 4-NP degradation, which can be ascribed to the synergistic action of active components and foliated iron ball surface. Furthermore, the highly active Au/Co-CC@iron ball is used as packing material to construct a new-type of packed reactor, by which the C-F degradation of 4-NP is successfully achieved. As-fabricated packed reactor and its tandem module exhibit superior photocatalytic performance for the C-F degradation of 4-NP. Noteworthy, based on the tandem module with six reactors, the removal rate of 4-NP can reach up to 2750 µmol/h. Meanwhile, the reactor and its module display satisfactory operational stability and reusability in the C-F degradation of 4-NP. Clearly, the provided route is effective for the preparation of bulk noble metal-semiconductor composites with exceptional performance, which can also be a prospective strategy to obtain bulk packing materials to serve for the C-F degradation. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Precious metals

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Rationally Engineered Reox-Cuso4/Tio2 Catalyst with Superior Nh3-Sco Efficiency and Remarkably Boosted So2 Tolerance: Synergy of Acid Sites and Surface Adsorbed Oxygen

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yu, Yanke Wei, Desheng Tong, Zhaojian Wang, Jinxiu Chen, Jinsheng He, Chi Department of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen361021 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'An710049 China National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China

Ammonia (NH3) is a critical component causing environmental problems like haze and water pollution. Selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia (NH3-SCO) to N2 and H2O is a promising method to abate NH3 emission. However, inferior SO2 tolerance is still a tremendous challenge to be conquered for present NH3-SCO catalysts regarding practical applications. Application of materials which was difficult to be sulfated by SO2 should be an effective pathway to solve this problem. Here, a ReOx-CuSO4/TiO2 catalyst which coupled the advantages of ReOx (Rhenium oxides, supplying highly active adsorbed surface oxygen for enhancing NH3-SCO reaction) and CuSO4 (providing Brønsted acid sites for inhibiting the formation of N2O) was rationally fabricated. Results indicated that ReOx-CuSO4/TiO2 catalyst performed excellent catalytic performance in NH3-SCO with almost 100% of NH3 oxidized at 300 °C (N2 selectivity as high as 96%). Crucially, the composite catalyst exhibited incredible activity and stability under harsh reaction conditions toward SO2 (600 ppm) and H2O (4.0 vol.%) owing to the superior inhibition capability for SO2 adsorption. In situ DRIFTS, in situ Raman and in situ XPS demonstrated that the NH3-SCO reaction over ReOx-CuSO4/TiO2 catalyst mainly obeyed a N2H4 reaction mechanism and oxidation-reduction circle between Re7+ and Re6+ played a vital role. In addition, SO2 would not affect this reaction mechanism on ReOx-CuSO4/TiO2 catalyst. The knowledge and understanding reported could provide critical insights for the design and optimization of efficient materials for industrial NH3 oxidative elimination. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Experimental and modeling study of low temperature ignition characteristics of methylcyclohexane/ethanol binary fuel 12

Experimental and modeling study of low temperature ignition ...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Liu, Yang Tang, Chenglong Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of ethanol blending into methylcyclohexane during the ignition at low temperatures. The ignition delay times of the binary fuels with ethanol blending ratio varied from 0% to 100% at = 1.0, Pc = 20 bar, Tc = 680 - 890 K were measured with the rapid compression machine, and the mechanism of Bissoonauth et al. (Proc Combust Inst 2018) well predicts the experimental results. Based on the high quality of the model, the effects of ethanol blending on the pressure and heat release are studied. Both of the maximum pressure and the heat release during the ignition decrease with the ethanol blending ratio increases. The interaction of MCH and ethanol happens in the competition of active radicals like OH, and MCH dominates the ignition process as it occupies about two thirds of the OH to form the fuel radical. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Ethanol

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Thermal management matters in photovoltaic–electrocatalysis for solar hydrogen production

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EcoEnergy 2024年

作者： Jie Chen Xin Chen Jie Sun Jingkuo Qu Xiangjiu Guan Shaohua Shen School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

Photovoltaic–electrolysis (PV-EC) system currently exhibits the highest solar to hydrogen conversion efficiency (STH) among various technical routes. This perspective shifts the focus from the materials exploration in photovoltaics and electrolysis to the critical aspect of thermal management in a PV-EC system. Initially, the theoretical basis that elucidates the relationships between temperature and the performance of both photovoltaics and electrolyzers are presented. Following that, the impact of thermal management on the performance of PV-EC for solar hydrogen production is experimentally demonstrated by designing variables-controlling experiments. It is observed that while utilizing identical PV and EC cells under varying thermal conditions, the highest STH can reach 22.20%, whilst the lowest is only 15.61%. This variation underscores the significance of thermal management in optimizing PV-EC systems. Finally, increased efforts to enhancing heat transfer and optimizing heat distribution are proposed, thus facilitating the design of more efficient PV-EC systems with minimized thermal energy losses.

关键词： device design photovoltaic-electrolysis solar to hydrogen thermal management water electrolyzer

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Experimental and numerical investigation on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of lead-bismuth eutectic through a helical single rod and four-rod bundle

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International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2025年 251卷

作者： Dianqiang Jiang Yiwen Chen Dalin Zhang Kunfeng Li Jian Deng Qi Lu Xiaoli Wu Ting Zhang Wenxi Tian State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China Nuclear Power Institute of China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Chengdu 610213 China

The flow and heat transfer performance of nuclear fuel are critical factors influencing the safety and economic efficiency of nuclear reactor systems. This study investigates a novel helical fuel design for lead-bismuth eutectic-cooled reactors. Experiments are performed in three different test sections to evaluate flow resistance, convective heat transfer, transverse mixing, and flow distribution. key experimental parameters, including temperature, pressure drop, and volumetric flow rate, are measured. The results demonstrate that, at a constant Reynolds number ( Re ) and constant Péclet number ( Pe ), the inlet temperature has negligible influence on both the resistance coefficient and Nusselt number ( Nu ). The flow resistance correlation is found to be consistent across fuel rods similar to helical cruciform geometry. Besides, transverse mixing experiments in the four-rod test section demonstrate that transverse mixing efficiency across subchannels is influenced by experimental parameters. Moreover, flow distribution results indicate that the flow distribution ratio (average = 1.89) between inside and outside channels remains independent of Re in turbulent regions. These experiments provide a comprehensive dataset for validating numerical models. Based on these data, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed. The predictions using the Realizable two-layer k − ε turbulence model show excellent agreement with experimental data.

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Surface sulfurization activating hematite nanorods for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Science Bulletin 2019年第17期64卷 1262-1271页

作者： Lianlian Mao Yu-Cheng Huang Yanming Fu Chung-Li Dong Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Physics Tamkang University Tamsui 25137 Taiwan China

Surface treatment is an effective method to improve the photoelectrochemical(PEC) performance of photoelectrodes. Herein, we introduced a novel strategy of surface sulfurization to modify hematite(a-Fe2 O3)nanorods grown in an aqueous solution, which triggered encouraging improvement in PEC *** comparison to the solution-grown pristine a-Fe2 O3 nanorod photoanode that is PEC inefficient and always needs high temperature(>600 °C) activation, the surface sulfurized a-Fe2 O3 nanorods show photocurrent density increased by orders of magnitude, reaching 0.46 mA cmà2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE(reversible hydrogen electrode) under simulated solar illumination. This improvement in PEC performances should be attributed to the synergy of the increased carrier density, the reduced surface charge carrier recombination and the accelerated water oxidation kinetics at the a-Fe2 O3/electrolyte interface, as induced by the incorporation of S ions and the formation of multi-state S species(Fe-Sx-Oy) at the surface of a-Fe2 O3 nanorods. This study paves a new and facile approach to activate a-Fe2 O3 and even other metal oxides as photoelectrodes for improved PEC water splitting performances, by engineering the surface structure to relieve the bottlenecks of charge transfer dynamics and redox reaction kinetics at the electrode/electrolyte interface.

关键词： Photoelectrochemical Water splitting Hematite nanorods Photoanodes Surface sulfurization

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Thermodynamic insight into the integration of supercritical water gasification and solid oxide fuel cells for waste plastic energy recovery

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Energy 2025年 332卷

作者： Bin Bai Xinyue Yu Yujie Wang Jianlong Sun Weihong Zhou Hui Jin School of Civil Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan City 114051 Liaoning China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (SKLMF) Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an City 710049 Shaanxi China

Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) offers a viable approach for recycling waste plastics by converting them into hydrogen-rich combustible gas. However, the high flammability and explosion risk associated with hydrogen pose critical challenges for practical application. This study proposes an integrated system that couples SCWG with solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), enabling the direct conversion of hydrogen-rich gas into safe electrical energy. To evaluate the system's performance, a thermodynamic analysis was conducted to examine exergy transfer across different process units. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the impact of key process parameters on output performance, while an environmental impact assessment was carried out to determine the system's sustainability. Results indicated that primary exergy losses were attributable to irreversibility arising from thermal transfer, heat dissipation and electrochemical conversion. Among the examined parameters, feedstock concentration was the most significant impact on system output and environmental impact, whereas pressure exhibited a negligible effect, and process temperature had a moderate effect. Finally, a multi-criteria optimization identified the optimal operating conditions as 850 °C, 23 MPa, and 5 wt% feedstock concentration, resulting in a net power output of 197.59 kW with an energy efficiency of 55.16 % and exergy efficiency of 53.52 %.

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PREFACE: SPECIAL ISSUE FOR THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THERMAL-FLUID DYNAMICS (ISTFD2021)

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Heat Transfer Research 2022年第8期53卷 V-VI页

作者： Cheng, Lixin Bai, Bofeng Guo, Zhixiong School of Energy and Power Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Department of Engineering and Mathematics Sheffield Hallam University SheffieldS1 1WB United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers The State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854 United States

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Light-Enhanced Thermochemical Production of Solar Fuels from Methane Via Nickel-Based Redox Cycle

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liu, Mingkai Zhang, Jinrui Yang, Tianlong Rao, Qiong Gai, Zhongrui Zhao, Jianxiong Pan, Ying Su, Dong Jin, Hongguang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Thermochemical methane reforming driven by solar energy is one of the efficient ways to store the renewable energy and to simultaneously reduce greenhouse gas emission. We report reaction reactivity of steam reforming of methane using nickel-based oxygen carrier driven by pure thermal heating and direct light irradiation in the same reactor. We find that the light-driven steam methane reforming system show improved conversion and reaction rate compared to that driven by pure thermal heating. We observed that illuminated NiO/NiAl2O4 achieved the same methane conversion rates and the H2 production rate comparable to those obtained on the same samples operated with only a thermal energy input, but at temperatures up to ~50 K lower. Based on in situ diffuse reflectance Infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTs) experiments, we postulate that light on the nickel oxide surface act to activate CH4 desorption and facilitate CHxO species evolution. By the combined effects of selection of chemical looping reactions and operation conditions, the solar-to-fuel efficiency of 16% was achieved. The results showcase the design of more energy-efficient chemical processes with a significant fraction of energy input provided in the form of direct sunlight irradiation as a potent pathway that can complement extremely high-temperature thermochemistry efforts in the quest for more efficient solar fuel production. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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