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A novel mid-temperature chemical looping system with near-zero carbon emissions for hydrogen and power coproduction

Energy 2025年 329卷

作者： Li, Yang Fang, Yu Liu, Mingkai Liu, Kai Gai, Zhongrui Shen, Yuanhui Zhang, Ruqi Pan, Ying Jin, Hongguang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy & State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Designing an efficient system for conversion of fossil fuel to hydrogen with lower environmental impact represents a promising strategy to meet the demands of a low-carbon future society. This study introduces an integrated chemical looping system combining hydrogen production and combustion for low-carbon fossil fuel conversion. The system achieves hydrogen production at 600 °C, significantly lower than conventional steam methane reforming (850 °C). Moreover, chemical looping combustion is employed to enable efficient CO2 capture. The proposed system is investigated from key reactions, system performance, and economic feasibility aspects. Experimental results show 80 % methane conversion, a hydrogen yield of 2.6 in the hydrogen production process, and nearly 100 % CO2 purity from purge gas combustion. Thermodynamic analysis reveals the energy and exergy efficiencies of 74.3 % and 68.9 %, surpassing the reference system by 3.6 % and 4.1 %, respectively. Economic assessment indicates a 10 % reduction in the levelized cost of hydrogen compared to the reference system. 1000 consecutive cycles confirm the outstanding stability of the oxygen carrier particles for the system. This study demonstrates the system's feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and potential for sustainable hydrogen production with minimal environmental impact, introducing a promising method for the efficient utilization of fossil fuels. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Differential thermal analysis

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Function-switchable metal/semiconductor junction enables efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting with selective water oxidation products

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Science Bulletin 2020年第16期65卷 1389-1395,M0004页

作者： Daixing Wei Yubo Tan Yiqing Wang Tingting Kong Shaohua Shen Samuel S.Maoc International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Shiyou UniversityXi'an 710054China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

A novel metal/semiconductor photocatalyst,Cu nanoparticles(NPs)modified TiO2 hollow spheres(Cu/TiO2),was designed for efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting(POWS)under both ultraviolet(UV)and visible(Vis)*** Cu/TiO2 photocatalyst possesses excellent POWS performance under Vis light at the highest level among the reported TiO2-based ***,the metal/semiconductor junction formed between Cu and TiO2 enables controlled water-oxidation product selectivity(H2O2 or O2)via different reaction pathways regulated by irradiation *** UV light,the electrons excited in TiO2 are captured by Cu NPs through the Cu/TiO2 Schottky interface for H2 production,with the photoholes in TiO2 producing H2O2 through a two-electron process;whilst under Vis light,Cu NPs act as plasmon to inject hot electrons to TiO2 for H2 production,while O2 is produced by hot holes on Cu NPs via a four-electron *** rational design of function-switchable metal/semiconductor junction may be helpful to understand the mechanisms for POWS with desired gas/liquid water-oxidation products.

关键词： Photocatalysis Water splitting Product selectivity Reaction pathway Metal/semiconductor junction

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Performance of different flocculants for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris by dissolved air flotation and sedimentation

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Bioresource technology 2025年 433卷 132743页

作者： X Wei N R H Rao S Tyagi W Thielemans W Cao L J Guo K Muylaert State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China Laboratory of Aquatic Biology KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium. Laboratory of Aquatic Biology KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium Sustainable Materials Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium. Electronic address: n.hanumanthrao@unsw.edu.au. Sustainable Materials Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China. Electronic address: caowenxjtu@***. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China. Electronic address: lj-guo@***. Laboratory of Aquatic Biology KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium. Electronic address: koenraad.muylaert@kuleuven.be.

This study systematically evaluated the performance of dissolved air flotation and sedimentation for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris using eight different flocculants. Significant variation was observed in both the maximum harvesting efficiency and the minimum effective flocculant dose across different flocculant-process combinations. Among the tested flocculants, pyridinium modified cellulose nanocrystals achieved the highest harvesting efficiency of 99 % in both dissolved air flotation and sedimentation, while chitosan required the lowest minimum flocculant dose (∼2 mg·g) to induce flocculation. The impact of floc size formed during the flocculation step on harvesting performance was also investigated, revealing that large flocs significantly favored sedimentation-based microalgae harvesting. A preliminary cost analysis highlighted the importance of integrating economic considerations into the selection of both flocculant and harvesting method. The findings suggest that optimal flocculant and process selection should be based not only on harvesting efficiency but also on cost-effectiveness for microalgal biomass recovery.

关键词： Cationic flocculants Dissolved air flotation optimization Floc size distribution Microalgal recovery Water treatment

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Lattice Boltzmann simulation on adsorption of sulfuric acid vapor by ash particles

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Fuel 2025年 401卷

作者： Jiyun Ren Chongjun Jiang Fangfang Hu Hui Wang Yunhao Shao Xinyu Liu Zhang Wu Feng Pan Qidong Yang Lei Deng Defu Che State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing 102249 China China Energy Engineering Group Shaanxi Electric Power Design Institute Co. Ltd. Xi’an 710054 China West Pipeline Company of PipeChina Urumchi 830000 China

In the low-low temperature flue gas systems, sulfuric acid vapor is adsorbed onto the ash particles. Based on the SEM images of ash particles, the OpenCV library in C++ is employed for image binarization, which aids in developing a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) that incorporates convection–diffusion and surface adsorption. The adsorption process of sulfuric acid vapor by ash particles with different chemical compositions is simulated and evaluated. The results indicate that sulfuric acid vapor exits through the ash particles at 5.1 μs, and stabilizes after 51 μs, reaching a maximum velocity of 0.29 m s –1 . Without chemical additives, the ash particles undergo a rapid adsorption phase within the initial 1000 μs, achieving nearly 78.92 % saturation with an average adsorption amount of 1.31 mg g –1 . At 10200 μs, most ash particles approach saturation adsorption, ranging from 1.6 to 1.8 mg g –1 . For all ash particles with added chemical components, adsorption preferentially occurs on the left side at both 5.1 μs and 51 μs. At 510 μs, nearly half of the ash particles with 7.1 % K 2 CO 3 reach adsorption saturation, while approximately one-half of those with 9.2 % Na 2 CO 3 achieve the same. Following the addition of 18.4 % Na 2 CO 3 , smaller ash particles approach saturation at a faster adsorption rate compared to those with 14.2 % K 2 CO 3 , with less than half of the region reaching an adsorption amount of 3.5mg g −1 . At 1000 μs, the ash particles containing 9.2 % and 18.4 % Na 2 CO 3 , along with 7.1 % and 14.2 % K 2 CO 3 , achieve saturation adsorption amounts of 96.14, 96.73 %, 95.45 %, and 93.87 %, respectively. The adsorption rate is high during the first 1000 μs but significantly declines after 1500 μs, nearing saturation by 3000 μs. The addition of 18.4 % Na 2 CO 3 results in porosity of up to 73.65 % and fewer large particles, allowing for faster mainstream velocity and mass transfer within the pores, thereby facilitating the vapor adsorption. By integrat

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PRELIMINARY NEUTRONIC/THERMAL-HYDRAULIC AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF PRESSURIZED WATER REACTOR LOADED WITH FULLY CERAMIC MICROENCAPSULATED FUEL

PRELIMINARY NEUTRONIC/THERMAL-HYDRAULIC AND SAFETY ASSESSMEN...

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2020 International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal Hydraulics, ATH 2020

作者： Wu, Di Gui, Minyang Zhang, Dalin Wang, Chenglong Wu, Yingwei Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng Tian, Wenxi Yang, Hongfa Peng, Jingyang Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an710049 China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213 China Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China Beijing100082 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487774

As one of the accident tolerant fuels (ATFs), fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) fuel shows superior safety performance in accidents, which has the characteristics of high melting point, excellent heat transfer ability and strong nuclear proliferation resistance. Based on the neutronic analysis of Chinese advanced three loop pressurized water reactor (PWR), the assemblies and cores of FCM-SiC and UO2-Zr were designed, power distributions and cycle lengths were obtained, and the power was adjusted to ensure the annual refueling requirements. By using system analysis code, station blackout (SBO) accident in FCM-SiC and UO2-Zr was analyzed, where the steam-driven auxiliary feedwater (AFW) in secondary loop failed to be supplied in time. Assuming that the AFW system couldn't be put into operation immediately after accident, the critical time could be calculated, that is to say, fuel centerline temperature (FCT) and peak cladding temperature (PCT) wouldn't exceed corresponding limits during accident once the AFW was provided within the critical time. It is found that the critical time of FCM-SiC is 9000s and higher than that of UO2-Zr (7000s), which shows the advantages of ATFs. This work could provide reference for the optimized design of the reactor safety system in the future. © ATH 2020 - International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal *** rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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High-Ni Low-Co High-Capacity Li-Rich Cathode Materials Via Adjusting Li2mno3 Content and Li/Ni Mixing Structures

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wu, Zhen Zou, Kunyang Dai, Xin Zhang, Yu-Han Zhang, Xudong Wang, Hao Hou, Zhufeng Ma, Lijing Liu, Yan Chen, Yuanzhen Guo, Shengwu Liu, Yongning State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao266101 China Center for High Performance Computing Network Information Center Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Hefei Advanced Computing Center Operation Management Corp Ltd Hefei230088 China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou350002 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) are considered as the promising cathode materials for next-generation high energy density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, severe voltage fade and capacity decay hinder their commercial applications. Increasing the Ni content in LLOs effectively improves the stability and discharge voltage, but shows reduced capacities, typically © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium compounds

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A subcooled boiling model developed for narrow rectangular channels based on the CFD method 18

A subcooled boiling model developed for narrow rectangular c...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Li, Linfeng Wang, Mingjun Zhang, Dalin Tian, Wenxi Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

The accurate prediction of subcooled boiling phenomena in narrow rectangular channels is of great importance for the plate type fuel reactor core safety analysis during some critical scenarios. Serious of experimental studies on subcooled boiling in narrow rectangular channels indicate that a bubble may slide on the heating surface after nucleation and then lift to the main flow, merging with not-yet-fully-grown bubble and disrupting local boundary layer. In this paper, the influence of sliding bubbles is taken into consideration in wall boiling model and implanted into the CFD code to simulate boiling in narrow rectangular channel. Bubble dynamics is used in calculating the relevant bubble diameters during ebulletin cycle. The feasibility of this proposed model is validated with existed experimental data by comparing wall superheat. This work could promote the development of CFD two-phase flow simulation capacity in the plate type fuel nuclear reactor. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Low to intermediate temperature ignition delay times of nitromethane 12

Low to intermediate temperature ignition delay times of nitr...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Yang, Meng Tang, Chenglong Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

In this work, the auto-ignition experiments of nitromethane at the low to intermediate temperature, fuel concentration of 2%, pressure of 30 bar and different equivalence ratios have been investigated by using rapid compression machine. The pressure profiles of nitromethane ignition were observed. Results show that a distinct two-stage heat release process is found at ? = 0.5. And multi-stage heat release is also observed with temperature decreasing. Subsequently, the effect of equivalence ratio on the nitromethane ignition is performed. The results show that the dependence of nitromethane ignition on the equivalence ratio is weak. In addition, the experimental data are used to validate the recent developed mechanisms of nitromethane. Relative large deviations are observed between experiments and predictions. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Combustion

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Removal and recovery of SO2and NO in oxy-fuel combustion flue gas by calcium-based slurry 5

Removal and recovery of SO2and NO in oxy-fuel combustion flu...

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2020 5th International Conference on Advances in Energy and Environment Research, ICAEER 2020

作者： Cai, Yuyang Ding, Xiaohan Li, Wei Liu, Dunyu Chen, Jun Ni, Mingguo Xu, Kailong Jin, Jing School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Department of Computer Science George Mason University Commonwealth of Virginia United States Dongfang Turbine Co. Ltd Deyang618000 China

This study investigates the use of calcium-based slurry for simultaneous removal NO and SO2 from oxy-fuel combustion flue gas, and recovery of the sulfur and nitrogen species in resulting solutions. The experiments were performed in a bubbling reactor in a transient mode under the pressure of 20 bar. The various influencing factors including the CaO amount, carrier gas (N2/CO2), and absorption time on the simultaneous NO and SO2 removal process, and the solution products were studied comprehensively. The results show that the NO2 removal efficiency can be improved by the presence of CO2, and the gas phase HNO2 produces in this process. The addition of CaO has positive effects not only on the NO2 removal efficiency but also on the formation of stable HNO3. With the presence of CO2, CaCO3 is formed in a solution initially. With the decrease of pH, CaCO3 is gradually converted to CaSO4, and in particular CaCO3 can be fully avoided through decreasing the pH of an absorption solution to 1.14. At the same time, the formation of unstable S(IV) and NO2- can be prevented when the solution pH is lower than 1.37. The nitrogen and sulfur compounds in the absorption solution (at pH 1.14) were further separated by the addition of different amounts of CaO. In particular, 95% of SO42- finally can be recovered in the form of CaSO4.2H2O with nitrogen in solution existing as NO3- by controlling the Ca/S ratio at 4.70. The effectiveness of calcium-based slurry on the removal and recovery of SO2 and NO is confirmed. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2020.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

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Degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP) plastics in seawater

DeCarbon

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DeCarbon 2023年 1卷

作者： Meixin Guan Hui Jin Wenwen Wei Mi Yan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (SKLMF) Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang China

The world's marine litter consists mainly of plastic, and 99% of it does not float on the surface of the sea but on the seabed. The plastic carbon footprint necessarily includes the extraction or manufacture of raw materials, the conversion process, the distribution of products, the consumption of specific types of products and the disposal of the final product, as all these stages release carbon into the atmosphere. This work, inspired by marine microplastics and investigates how plastic waste is degraded and transformed in high-pressure, low-temperature seawater, this paper investigates the corrosion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP) plastics in seawater at high-pressure, using artificial seawater temperatures to simulate ocean temperatures of approximately 4 °C and time settings of 1 day–7 days. The results show that increasing the time enhances the degradation of the plastics and that changing the pressure has little effect on the degradation effect. Understanding its degradation in seawater can help us to better treat plastic waste and thus reduce the carbon footprint of the disposal process.

关键词： PET PP High-pressure seawater Degradation

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