We have investigated the influence of low temperature wafer bonding on the elec.rical and structural characteristics of InAlAs/InGaAs n-p heterojunction structures with similar structure to an emitter-base junction of...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780374789
We have investigated the influence of low temperature wafer bonding on the elec.rical and structural characteristics of InAlAs/InGaAs n-p heterojunction structures with similar structure to an emitter-base junction of InAlAs/InGaAs HBTs. Those n-p junction heterostructures were grown on an InP (100) substrate by solid source MBE. The effect of the wafer bonding process on the structural properties of the epitaxial layers was studied by comparing triple crystal x-ray diffraction measurements and simulations before and after bonding. In addition, the influence of the bonding process on the elec.rical properties of the heterojunction structures was assessed through SIMS analysis of both the bonded and non-bonded samples and an analysis of the I-V characteristics of diodes fabricated on both the bonded and non-bonded sample. These analyses show that the structural and elec.rical properties of the as-grown epitaxial layers were negligibly changed by the low temperature wafer transfer process.
In this paper we investigate the performance of channel estimation based equalizers. We introduce two different channel estimation algorithms. Our first channel estimation sch.me is a novel structured channel impulse ...
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In this paper we investigate the performance of channel estimation based equalizers. We introduce two different channel estimation algorithms. Our first channel estimation sch.me is a novel structured channel impulse response (CIR) estimation method for sparse multipath channels. We call this novel CIR estimation method Blended Least Squares (BLS) which uses symbol rate sampled signals, based on blending the least squares based channel estimation and the correlation and thresholding based channel estimation methods. The second CIR estimation is called Variable Thresholding (VT), and is based on improving the output of the correlation and thresholding based estimation method. We then use these two CIR estimates to calculate the Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) tap weights. Simulation examples are drawn from the ATSC digital TV 8-VSB system [1] The delay spread for digital TV systems can be as long as several hundred times the symbol duration;however digital TV channels are, in general, sparse where there are only a few dominant multipaths.
This paper reports an investigation on the economic aspects of a typical hybrid energy system for remote islands in Thailand. In addition to the utilization of renewable energy, the study has based on different elec.r...
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This paper reports an investigation on the economic aspects of a typical hybrid energy system for remote islands in Thailand. In addition to the utilization of renewable energy, the study has based on different elec.rical load profiles simulating typical usage within a year. The simulation study and the optimization of hybrid energy system are based on a computer program called HOMER, as the simulation tool. From the economic analysis, the capital cost, net present cost and cost of energy are determined for different types of system configuration. Results from the study will be useful to aid business and investment decisions on choosing the most appropriate system for the island resorts.
This paper presents a new ocean wind vector measurement technique that uses the combined passive and active microwave measurements respectively from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave mager (TMI)...
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This paper presents a new ocean wind vector measurement technique that uses the combined passive and active microwave measurements respectively from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave mager (TMI) and the Precipitation Radar (PR). The wind speed is inferred by TMI over a wide swath that includes the narrower PR swath. The PR scans cross-track ±18°;and near the swath edges, where the radar backscatter responds to both the magnitude and direction of the surface wind, we use the microwave radiometer estimate of wind speed and the measured sigma-0 at incidence angles greater than 15 degrees to derive wind direction. Because the PR provides only a single azimuth look, multiple possible wind direction solutions exist. The ability to selec. the proper (single) direction is beyond the scope of this paper;but comparisons are presented between the "closest" retrieved TRMM wind vectors and near-simultaneous wind vectors measured by the QuikSCAT satellite scatterometer to demonstrate the potential for measuring ocean surface vector winds.
The convergence detection in classification task of knowledge discovery was discussed. An adaptive incremental k-fold cross-validation method was used for this purpose. Three criteria in form of mathematical equations...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1890843067
The convergence detection in classification task of knowledge discovery was discussed. An adaptive incremental k-fold cross-validation method was used for this purpose. Three criteria in form of mathematical equations that constituted convergence detection test were developed.
SnO2nanoparticles, undoped and doped with 1, 2 and 5 mol% Fe2O3}, were synthesized by mechanochemical processing. XRD analysis, for heat treatment at 600°C, revealed the average crystallite size to decrease progr...
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SnO2nanoparticles, undoped and doped with 1, 2 and 5 mol% Fe2O3}, were synthesized by mechanochemical processing. XRD analysis, for heat treatment at 600°C, revealed the average crystallite size to decrease progressively from 9.5 nm for undoped SnO2, to 5.3 nm for SnO2doped with 5% Fe2O3. HRTEM imaging revealed the presence of a number of crystal defects. Thin films for elec.rical characterisation were prepared by spin coating and subsequent annealing, with the response to O2measured. The resistance increased for increasing dopant concentration. The response to 1000 ppm, 1% and 10% O2was measured, with the highest response found for the 2%-doped sample. The 5%-doped sample exhibited a weak p-type response at 400°C and below, with a transition to n-type at 450°C. The thin films prepared from the Fe2O3-doped SnO2nanopowders have potential for the development of gas sensors.
In this paper, we introduce a new approach to fingerprint classification based on the extraction and analysis of pseudo ridges. Since noise exists in most fingerprint images including those in the NIST databases, it i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1864671149
In this paper, we introduce a new approach to fingerprint classification based on the extraction and analysis of pseudo ridges. Since noise exists in most fingerprint images including those in the NIST databases, it is difficult to get the correct number and position of the singularities such as core or delta points which are widely used in current structural classification methods. By extracting the pseudo ridges and analyzing such traced curves, our method focuses on the extraction of the global ridge pattern. This method has been tested on the NIST-4 fingerprint database. For the 4000 images in this database, the classification accuracy is 85.4% with a 26.2% reject rate for the 4-class problem (combining Arch and Tented Arch as one class).
In this paper, infinite and finite sample properties of set membership identification are investigated in a stochastic setting. In particular, the size of the membership set in the presence of not only disturbance but...
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In this paper, infinite and finite sample properties of set membership identification are investigated in a stochastic setting. In particular, the size of the membership set in the presence of not only disturbance but also parameter uncertainty is estimated. The bounds of the disturbance and the parameter uncertainty are assumed to be tight as well as known, where tight means that the disturbance and the parameter uncertainty take a value around their extreme points with nonzero probability. The following results are obtained. (i) Infinite sample case: The size of the membership set converges to zero with probability one as the number of samples tends to infinity if the regressor is persistently exciting and the bounds of the disturbance and the parameter uncertainty are tight. This means that the membership set converges to the true but unknown parameter. (ii) Finite sample case: For a given number of samples, the size of the membership set can be estimated with a probabilistic confidence if the regressor is periodic and persistently exciting, and the bounds of the disturbance and the parameter uncertainty are tight. This result also clarifies the necessary number of samples such that the size of the membership set is less than a specified bound with a specified probability.
This paper presents an approach for stereo image matching that results in a dense and non-smooth disparity map. In the first step, a feature-based matching technique is applied and the obtained sparse disparity map is...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0970789017
This paper presents an approach for stereo image matching that results in a dense and non-smooth disparity map. In the first step, a feature-based matching technique is applied and the obtained sparse disparity map is interpolated. In the second step the disparities in the smooth interpolated map are iteratively adjusted using an area-based matching technique and the disparity gradient. The obtained results show that disparities for non-smooth surfaces can be more accurately determined improving the description of three-dimensional scenes.
Power quality monitoring system is the cornerstone of power quality analysis, diagnosis and improvement. Power Quality (PQ) measurement concepts are evolving from instantaneous metering to continuous monitoring and re...
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Power quality monitoring system is the cornerstone of power quality analysis, diagnosis and improvement. Power Quality (PQ) measurement concepts are evolving from instantaneous metering to continuous monitoring and recent developments in measurement technology make PQ monitoring system more powerful. That is, now it is possible to construct more flexible, reliable, fast and economical PQ monitoring system. So this paper presents an improved PQ monitoring system with central processing sch.me. Proposed system basically consists of one PQ analyzer and multiple PQ meters. PQ meter only acts as raw data acquisition system and PQ analyzer performs all calculations and analysis algorithm. The proposed system is very economical especially for large-scale system because the price of PQ meter can be dramatically lowered in this sch.me. PQ monitoring algorithms to catch steady-state trends and to detect PQ events are also proposed. The prototype of this system is constructed and real-time tests are performed using this system.
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