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Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing

作者： Shin, Yongwon Kong, Sangwon Fisch.r, Thomas R. Son, Changyong Lee, Yongbeom Telecommunication R and D Center Samsung Electronics Co. Suwon Korea Republic of Sch. of Elec. Eng. and Comp. Science Hanyang Univ. Ansan Korea Republic of Sch. of Elec. Eng. and Comp. Science Washington State Univ. Pullman WA 99163 United States Human and Computer Interaction Lab. Samsung Advanced Inst. of Tech. Kiheung-Eup Yongin Korea Republic of

In this paper, low-complexity block-constrained trellis coded quantization (BC-TCQ) structures are introduced, and a predictive BC-TCQ encoding method is developed for quantization of line spectrum frequencies (LSF) parameters for wideband speech coding applications. The performance is compared to the linear predictive coding (LPC) vector quantizers used in the AMR-WB (ITUG.722.2) speech coding standard, demonstrating reduction in spectral distortion and significant reduction in encoding complexity.

关键词： Speech processing

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Modeling dissolution in aluminum alloys

Modeling dissolution in aluminum alloys

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Multiphase Phenomena and CFD Modeling and Simulationin Materilas Processes

作者： Zoeller, Tracie Sanders Jr., T.H. Neitzel, G. Paul Woodruff Sch. of Mech. Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 801 Ferst Drive Atlanta GA 30332-0405 United States Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Tech. 771 Ferst Drive Atlanta GA 30332-0245 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0873395700

As-cast aluminum alloy microstructures are highly segregated. Coring occurs when solute is rejected during solidification resulting in a non-uniform solute distribution across the dendrite arms. Furthermore, coarse constituent phases are formed in the interdendritic channels as a result of coring. These constituents are either soluble or insoluble and can form from the major solute elements, or the impurity elements iron and silicon. The dissolution of these constituents, or precipitates, is an important consideration in determining the microstructural evolution of an alloy. The properties of an alloy are significantly affected by the morphology of the precipitates. Precipitates can be either beneficial or detrimental to the properties of the alloy. Regardless of the nature of the precipitates present, it is useful to understand the dissolution process. A diffusion-limited dissolution model for planar precipitates is presented and compared to an analytical solution and to models in the literature. Experimental data for the dissolution of Al2Cu precipitates in a dilute alloy are compared to the proposed model, and found to have good agreement.

关键词： Aluminum alloys

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WordNet ontology based model for information retrieval

WordNet ontology based model for information retrieval

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Proceedings of the International Conference on Communications in Computing, CIC'04

作者： Moravec, Pavel Snášel, Václav Smid, Jan Obitko, Marek Department of Computer Science VSB - Tech. University of Ostrava 17. listopadu 15 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba Czech Republic Department of Computer Science Sch. of Comp. Math. and Nat. Sci. Morgan State University Cold Spring Lane Baltimore MD 21251-0002 Department of Cybernetics Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Technicka 2 166 27 Prague 6 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)193241536X

In the area of information retrieval, the dimension of document vectors plays an important role. Firstly, with higher index dimensions the indexing structures suffer from the "curse of dimensionality" and their efficiency rapidly decreases. Secondly, we may not use exact words when looking for a document, thus we miss some relevant documents. LSI (Latent Semantic Indexing) is a numerical method, which discovers latent semantic in documents by creating concepts from existing terms. In this article we present a basic method of mapping LSI concepts on given ontology (WordNet), used both for retrieval recall improvement and dimension reduction. We offer experimental results for this method on a subset of TREC collection, consisting of Los Angeles Times articles.

关键词： Information retrieval

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Corrosion prevention during acid cleaning of pulping equipment

Corrosion prevention during acid cleaning of pulping equipme...

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11th International Symposium on Corrosion in the Pulp and Paper Industry

作者： Perdomo, Jorge J. Conde, Pablo R. Singh, Preet M. Wekesa, Moses Engineering Services Division Smurfit-Stone Container Co. Carol Stream IL 60188-2130 Inst. of Paper Sci. and Technology Georgia Tech. Atlanta GA 30332-0620 Sch. of Mat. Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0245

Kraft digesters and evaporators are typically acid cleaned to remove scales that precipitate from chemical species present in liquors. Their removal by chemical methods can detrimentally affect the base metal where they grow on. Scale removal may in turn affect the condition and integrity of the equipment by causing general or localized corrosion, which may lead to unexpected failures. Previous work has addressed acid cleaning methods by looking at a number of variables that affect scale removal as well as corrosion. However, no published work is available in terms of the removal of actual scales. The objective of this work is to show how optimal cleaning practices developed in the laboratory for Kraft digesters, evaporators and other pulping equipment work on simulated scales grown on different base metals. The results of this study will help minimizing cleaning costs, maximizing its effectiveness, and to ultimately minimizing corrosion (metal loss) during scale removal.

关键词： Corrosion prevention

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Identification of charge-transfer transition between Gd3+ to O2- in gadolinium-containing oxide phosphors in VUV region

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Journal of the Society for Information Display 2004年第4期12卷 495-499页

作者： Wang, Yu Hua Endo, Tadashi Guo, Xuan Murakami, Yukio Ushirozawa, Mizumoto Department of Materials Science Sch. of Phys. Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Tohoku University Sendai Japan NHK Sci. and Tech. Res. Laboratories Japan

The broad bands at around 155 nm for GdAl3(BO3) 4:Eu, at 184 nm for Ca4GdO(BO3)3:Eu, at 183 nm for Gd2SiO5:Eu, and at 170 nm for GdAlO 3:Eu were observed. These bands were assigned to the charge-transfer (CT) transition of Gd3+-O2-. In the excitation spectrum of (Gd,Y)BO3:Eu, a broadened excitation band was observed in VUV region. It could be considered that this band was composed of two bands at about 160 and 166 nm. The preceding band was assigned to the BO3 group absorption. The later one at about 166 nm could be assigned to the CT transition of Gd3+-O2-, according to the result of GdAl 3(BO3)4:Eu, Ca4GdO(BO 3)3:Eu, Gd2SiO5:Eu, and GdAlO 3:Eu. The excitation spectra overlapped between the CT transition of Gd3+-O2- and BO3 groups absorption. It caused the emission of Eu3+ to take place effectively in the trivalent europium-doped (Gd,Y)BO3 host lattice under 147-nm excitation.

关键词： Phosphors

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Updated data dissemination in Ad hoc networks

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2004年 3272卷 28-42页

作者： Hayashi, Hideki Kara, Takahiro Nishio, Shojiro Dept. of Multimedia Eng. Grad. Sch. of Information Science and Tech. Osaka Univ. 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan

In this paper, we propose two updated data dissemination methods to update old replicas efficiently in ad hoc networks where each data item is updated at irregular intervals. The first method disseminates the updated data item to all connected mobile hosts when a mobile host holding an original data item updates the data item. In the other method, when two mobile hosts are connected, they disseminate updated data items. Our proposed methods reduce the number of accesses to old replicas and improve data accessibility. © Springer-Verlag 2004.

关键词： Mobile telecommunication systems

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Influence of geometrical design and flow conditions on the performance of a microatomiser

Influence of geometrical design and flow conditions on the p...

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Proceedings of the 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis - 2004

作者： Kong, L.X. Gao, W.M. Evans, A.M. Wang, B. Milne, R.W. Centre for Adv Mfg Research University of South Australia Mawson Lakes SA 5095 Australia Sch. Pharmaceut. Molec. Biomed./S. UniSA Adelaide SA 5000 Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Manchester Institute of Science and Tech. Manchester UB10 8QR United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0791841731

There are many domestic applications where a small amount of liquid needs to be applied to a defined small area under strict conditions. In some cases, the sprayed materials are toxic and expensive, and excessive spray will lead to potential damage to other materials and harm to human beings. A controlled micro atomizer is designed by integrating an electronic and mechanical system with adjustable capability to tune the volume. The geometrical dimension of the atomizer is optimized to deliver a right amount of liquid to a predetermined area. To study the influence of atomizer design and air velocity, the sprays issuing from different atomizers of various dimensions are investigated theoretically and computationally under various external flow conditions. It is found that a controlled atomizer can be developed by optimizing the nozzle design.

关键词： Atomizers

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Fabrication of 3-D Gelatin-Patterned Glass Substrates With Layer-by-Layer and Lift-Off (LbL-LO) tech.ology

Fabrication of 3-D Gelatin-Patterned Glass Substrates With L...

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作者： Li, Mengyan Kondabatni, Kishore K. Cui, Tianhong McShane, Michael J. Biomedical Engineering Department College of Engineering and Science Louisiana Tech. University Ruston LA 71272 United States Sch. Biomed. Eng. Sci./Hlth. Syst. Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 United States Cimex Biotech L.L.C. Covington LA 70435 United States Electrical Engineering Department College of Engineering and Science Louisiana Tech. University Ruston LA 71272 United States Mech. Eng./Nanofabrication Center University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 United States

The assembly of multilayer films of gelatin onto glass substrates using layer-by-layer and lift-off (LbL-LO) tech.ology to modify the surface topography and chemistry properties of in vitro cell culture scaffolds is described. The ability to generate such nanoscale systems containing cell-adhesive materials on optically transparent substrates with microscale lateral dimensions, nanoscale vertical dimensions, molecular vertical precision, and flexibility in material selection has important implications for tissue engineering, drug discovery, and basic research in cell biology. Toward this goal, a systematic study on the electrostatic adsorption properties of fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate-gelatin B (FITC-gelatin) was completed. In addition, the integration of protein nanoassembly with microlithographic feature definition was used to pattern three-dimensional FITC-gelatin nanofilms on planar glass substrates. The experimental results indicate that FITC-gelatin is negatively charged at pH 9 and can be alternately assembled with a positively charged polyion, poly(diallyldimethy-Iammonium chloride) (PDDA), to form multilayer films on solid templates with thickness of 5-10 nm per bilayer. Furthermore, images of protein/polymer nanocomposites indicate that LbL-LO is an efficient way to realize the designed substrates. These findings will benefit future research on cell culture and tissue engineering that require methods of generating protein patterns to fabricate novel in vitro cell culture systems.

关键词： Glass

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Efficient call admission control methods in DiffServ architecture

Efficient call admission control methods in DiffServ archite...

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Mediterranean Electrotech.ical Conference (MELECON)

作者： A. Michalas M. Louta V. Loumus National Technical University of Athens School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Athens GREECE National Technical University of Athens Athens GR Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng. Athens Nat. Tech. Univ. Greece

In order to achieve absolute QoS guarantees in the DiffServ architecture, admission control procedures have been developed. Their role is to ensure that the admittance of a new flow into the network does not violate service commitments of already established flows and the network could satisfy the constraints of the new flow. In this paper we discuss related work of parameter and measurement based admission control tech.iques, while a set of results indicative of their performance is provided.

关键词： Call admission control Diffserv networks Admission control Scalability Communication system traffic control IP networks Traffic control computer architecture Telecommunication traffic Delay

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Negative stiffness of a layer with topologically interlocked elements

Negative stiffness of a layer with topologically interlocked...

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作者： Estrin, Y. Dyskin, A.V. Pasternak, E. sch.are, S. Stanchits, S. Kanel-Belov, A.J. Inst. Werkstoffkunde/Werkstofftech. Tech. Universität Clausthal Agricolastrasse 6 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany Sch. of Civ./Resource Engineering University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia Dept. 3.2 GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam Telegrafenberg D425 14473 Potsdam Germany School of Engineering and Science International University of Bremen P.O. Box 750561 28725 Bremen Germany

Unusual mechanical response of a structure with topologically interlocked elements is discussed. Under point loading, it behaves pseudo-plastically, with a negative stiffness in part of the unloading curve. This effect is inherent in the structure and is attributed to changing contact conditions due to rotation of the elements. © 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Materials science

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