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Multistage microcellular waterborne polyurethane composite with optionally low-reflection behavior for ultra-efficient electromagnetic interference shielding

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第5期208卷 132-140页

作者： Jianming Yang Hu Wang Hexin Zhang Peng Lin Hong Gao Youyi Xia Xia Liao School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243032China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with superior shielding efficiency and low-reflection properties hold promising potential for utilization across electronic components,precision in-struments,and fifth-generation communication *** this study,multistage microcellular wa-terborne polyurethane(WPU)composites were constructed via gradient induction,layer-by-layer cast-ing,and supercritical carbon dioxide *** gradient-structured WPU/iron-cobalt loaded reduced graphene oxide(FeCo@rGO)foam serves as an impedance-matched absorption layer,while the highly conductive WPU/silver loaded glass microspheres(Ag@GM)layer is employed as a reflection *** to the incorporation of an asymmetric structure,as well as the introduction of gradient and porous con-figurations,the composite foam demonstrates excellent conductivity,outstanding EMI SE(74.9 dB),and minimal reflection characteristics(35.28％)in 8.2-12.4 GHz,implying that more than 99.99999％of elec-tromagnetic(EM)waves were blocked and only 35.28％were reflected to the external ***-terestingly,the reflectivity of the composite foam is reduced to 0.41％at 10.88 GHz due to the resonance for incident and reflected EM *** that,the composite foam is characterized by low density(0.47 g/cm3)and great stability of EMI shielding *** work offers a viable approach for craft-ing lightweight,highly shielding,and minimally reflective EMI shielding composites.

关键词： Electromagnetic interference shielding Supercritical carbon dioxide(ScCO2) foaming Low reflectivity Multilayered structure Microcellular

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Transition metal sulfides in alkaline hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis:Re-exploring their structure and composition evolution and its correlation with activity

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Nano Research 2025年第3期18卷 153-168页

作者： Chengqi Wu Jiaqi Liu Yiwei Tan State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

Herein,the activity and stability evolution of transition metal sulfides used as electrocatalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)are studied during a prolonged HER *** have thoroughly characterized and analyzed the composition and structure of NiV_(2)S_(4),NiS,Ni_(3)S_(2),and VS_(2)prior to HER and after the HER for 2-20 h at a constant current density of−100 mA·cm^(−2).It is found that all these metal sulfides in KOH electrolyte are gradually degraded to the corresponding amorphous metal hydroxy salts/oxysulfides(i.e.,a-KNi(OH)3/a-NiO_(x)S_(y)and a-KV(OH)_(6)/a-VO_(x)S_(y))and finally to amorphous metal hydroxy salts/oxides(i.e.,a-KNi(OH)_(3)and a-KV(OH)_(6)/a-V_(2)O_(3))from surface to bulk with elongating HER ***,the morphologies of the derived metal hydroxy salts/oxysulfides(oxides)are significantly different from the corresponding metal sulfide precursors,especially those containing metal ions(for example,V3+in NiV2S4 and Ni+in Ni_(3)S_(2))in intermediate valence states due to the modification of chemical bonds to an extensive extent invoked by their capability of facilely accepting and donating *** stability and structural evolution of these metal sulfides are substantiated by the calculated Pourbaix diagrams of Ni-S-H_(2)O and Ni-V-S-H_(2)O *** the HER at−100 mA·cm^(−2)for 20 h,compared to the corresponding pristine metal sulfides,the apparent HER activities of all the derived metal hydroxy salts/oxide decrease due to the diminution of their electrochemically active surface areas(ECSAs).On the contrary,their specific activities increase due to the enriched structural defects caused by the amorphous structures and changes in valence state of the metal ions.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction transition metal sulfides alkaline water electrolysis amorphous structures metal hydroxy salts Pourbaix diagrams

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A self-adaptive inorganic in-situ separator by particle crosslinking for nonflammable lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 469-480页

作者： Jiarui Yang Jiuzhou Liu Wenrui Cai Ziyu Zhao Shan Wang Lu He Shanshan Lv Zhiwei Zhu Zhongfeng Ji Guojiang Wen Hua Li Yuanming Zhai Xuewei Fu Wei Yang Yu Wang College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina

All-safe liquid-state lithium-ion batteries(ASLS-LIBs) is of great interest as they can potentially combine the safety of all-solid-state batteries with the high performance and low manufacturing cost of traditional liquid-state LIBs. However, the practical success of ASLS-LIBs is bottlenecked by the lack of advanced separator technology that can simultaneously realize high performances in puncturing-tolerability,fire-resistance, and importantly, wetting-capability with non-flammable liquid-electrolytes. Here, we propose a concept of inorganic in-situ separator(IISS) by hybrid-sol physical crosslinking directly onto the electrode surface to address the above challenges. Particularly, the hybrid-sol is designed with silica nanoparticles as the building block and poly(vinylidene difluoride) nanoparticles as the crosslinking agent. The critical factors for controlling the IISS microstructures and properties have been systematically investigated. The advantages of the IISS have been confirmed by its fast wetting with various fireresistant liquid-electrolytes, customizable thickness and porous structures, robust interface with planar or three-dimensional(3D)-structured electrodes, and importantly, unexpected self-adaptability against puncturing. Enabled by the above merits, a fire-resistant ASLS-LIB is successfully assembled and demonstrated with stable electrochemical performance. This sol-crosslinked IISS may open an avenue for the studies on the next-generation separator technology, cell assembling, solid electrolyte processing as well as non-flammable secondary batteries.

关键词： Safe liquid-state lithium-ion batteries In-situ separator technology Hybrid-sol physical crosslinking Electrode coating Inorganic nonflammable separator

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Rapid and high-resolution 3D printing via photoacid generator induced cationic RAFT polymerization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第5期68卷 2010-2016页

作者： Bowen Zhao Jiajia Li Chongyang Yang Xiangqiang Pan Zhengbiao Zhang Jian Zhu State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationSuzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision SynthesisDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University

Vinyl ethers, while being typical monomers for living cationic polymerization, have limited commercial use due to the poor mechanical properties of their polymers at room temperature. We explored the use of photoacid generators to induce cationic reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer（RAFT） polymerization for the rapid high-resolution three-dimensional（3D） printing of various vinyl ethers. The process demonstrated controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions（MWD）, with monomer conversions exceeding 90% in minutes. Incorporating a crosslinker enabled 3D printing at speeds up to 8.46 cm h-1with layer thicknesses as thin as 50 μm. The mechanical properties of the printed objects were tunable by adjusting resin components, allowing for a range of material characteristics from brittle to elastomeric（tensile strength ranging from 13.9 to 31.7 MPa, Young's modulus ranging from 185.6 to 992.7 MPa and elongation at break ranging from 2.8%to 68.3%）. Moreover, polymer welding facilitated the creation of gradient materials, showcasing the potential for engineered applications of poly（vinyl ethers）(PVEs).

关键词： 3D printing cationic RAFT polymerization vat photopolymerization vinyl ether

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Highly electrically conductive MOF/conducting polymer nanocomposites toward tunable electromagnetic wave absorption

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第2期205卷 258-269页

作者： Xin Wu Peiyuan Kang Yinghan Zhang Haocheng Guo Shuoying Yang Qi Zheng Lianjun Wang Wan Jiang State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology Ministry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Institute of Functional Materials Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted significant interest as self-templates and precursors for the synthesis of carbon-based composites aimed at electromagnetic wave(EMW)***,the utilization of high-temperature treatments has introduced uncertainties regarding the compositions and microstructures of resulting ***,complete carbonization has led to diminished yields of the produced carbon composites,significantly limiting their practical ***,the exploration of pristine MOF-based EMW absorbers presents an intriguing yet challenging endeavor,primarily due to inherently low electrical *** this study,we showcase the utilization of struc-turally robust Zr-MOFs as scaffolds to build highly conductive Zr-MOF/PPy composites via an inner-outer dual-modification approach,which involves the production of conducting polypyrrole(PPy)both within the confined nanoporous channels and the external surface of Zr-MOFs via post-synthetic *** interconnection of confined PPy and surface-lined PPy together leads to a consecutive and extensive conducting network to the maximum *** therefore entails outstanding conductivity up to～14.3 S cm-1 in Zr-MOF/PPy composites,which is approximately 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that for conductive MOF nanocomposites constructed from either inner or outer *** from the strong and tunable conduction loss,as well as the induced dielectric polarization originated from the porous structures and MOF-polymer interfaces,Zr-MOF/PPy exhibits excellent microwave attenuation capabilities and a tunable absorption frequency ***,with only 15 wt.％loading,the mini-mum reflection loss(RLmin)can reach up to-67.4 dB,accompanied by an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)extending to 6.74 ***,the microwave absorption characteristics can be tailored from the C-band to the Ku-band by adjusting the loading of *** work provide

关键词： Conductive mof nanocomposites Electromagnetic wave absorption MOF/conducting polymer Electrical conductivity Zr-MOF/PPy

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Methyl Groups Pendant on Triphenylmethane Toward Modulating Thermal Stability and Dielectric Properties of the Crosslinkable Fluorinated Polyimide Films with High Transparency

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2025年第2期43卷 316-327页

作者： Wen Yang Liang Yuan Kai Gong Ruo-Han Zhang Lan Lei Hui Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MaterialsUniversity of JinanJinan250022China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China

It is urgent to develop high-performance polyimide(PI)films that simultaneously exhibit high transparency,exceptional thermal stability,mechanical robustness,and low dielectric to fulfil the requirements of flexible display ***,a series of fluorinated polyimide films(FPIs)were fabricated by the condensation of 5,5′-(perfluoropropane-2,2-diyl)bis(isobenzofuran-1,3-dione)(6FDA)and the fluorinated triphenylmethane diamine monomer(EDA,MEDA and DMEDA)with heat-crosslinkable tetrafluorostyrene side groups,which was incorporated by different numbers of methyl groups pendant in the ortho position of amino ***,the FPI films underwent heating to produce crosslinking FPIs(C-FPIs)through the self-crosslinking of double bonds in the *** transparency,solvent resistance,thermal stability,mechanical robustness and dielectric properties of FPI and C-FPI films can be tuned by the number of methyl groups and crosslinking,which were deeply investigated by virtue of molecular dynamics(MD)simulations and density functional theory(DFT).As a result,all the films exhibited exceptional optically colorless and transparent,with transmittance in the visible region of 450-700 nm exceeding 79.9%,and the cut-off wavelengths(λ_(off))were nearly 350 *** thermal decomposition temperatures at 5% weight loss(T_(d5%))for all samples exceeded 504℃.These films exhibited a wide range of tunable tensile strength(46.5-75.1 MPa).Significantly,they showed exceptional dielectric properties with the dielectric constant of 2.3-2.5 at full frequency(10^(7)-20 Hz).This study not only highlights the relationship between the polymer molecular structure and properties,but offer insights for balancing optical transparency,heat resistance and low dielectric constant in PI films.

关键词： Crosslinkable fluorinated polyimide Methyl group Triphenylmethane Transparency Thermal stability Low dielectric constant

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Efficient design of non-shrinkage xerogels via metal coordination and triazine steric hindrance for activated carbon xerogels with interconnected hierarchical structure

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第3期206卷 153-163页

作者： Kunming Li Xuepeng Ni Dong Li Jiaoli Hu Huifang Chen Yonggen Lu Anqi Ju State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620PR China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620PR China Key Laboratory of High-Performance Fibers & Products Ministry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620PR China

Designing xerogels at the molecular level to overcome volume shrinkage is a promising strategy for car-bon xerogels with desirable structure and ***,we design a xerogel with non-shrinkage by introducing ZnCl2 into resorcinol-melamine-formaldehyde *** gel network consist-ing of micrometer pores and large particles(0.26-1.35 μm)is constructed by the coordination of Zn2+with oxygen/nitrogen-containing groups,which is attributed to the structural support of the rigid triazine skeleton with large steric ***,the reinforced gel network possesses enough strength to withstand capillary forces during atmospheric drying,and special drying and solvent exchange are *** xerogels show non-shrinkage and a short preparation time of 24 *** resulted activated carbon xerogels with interconnected hierarchically micro-meso-macropores exhibit an optimal specific surface area of 1520 m2/g(through xerogels pyrolysis and the pore-forming of ZnCl2),high adsorption(methylene blue,I-,Cu2+,etc.),and repeated adsorption *** work provides novel thought for porous nanomaterials with non-shrinkage and desirable structures in adsorption and energy storage.

关键词： Xerogels Non-shrinkage Resorcinol-melamine-formaldehyde Zinc chloride Activated carbon xerogels

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High Latent Heat and Recyclable Phase-Change materials for Photothermoelectric Conversion

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ACS Applied materials and Interfaces 2025年第18期17卷 27155-27166页

作者： Zeng, Xiaohui Chen, Silong Liao, Yansheng Liu, Tianren Liu, Zhimeng Jiang, Liang Lei, Yuan Lei, Jingxin Fu, Xiaowei State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China

Realizing organic phase-change material networks with excellent recyclability while maintaining high latent heat still faces great challenges due to the difficult trade-off between network composition. Herein, the high latent heat and recyclable phase-change materials (RPCMs) were developed by integrating linear poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) multimers as phase-change components and the dynamic covalent cross-linking polyurethane network components in a semi-interpenetrating polymer network structure. The latent heat (54.7-145.0 J/g) can be readily tuned by the weight fraction of linear PEG multimers and the molecular weight of PEGs used in RPCMs. The RPCMs have excellent recyclability/reprocessability with activation energy of 81.23-125.84 kJ/mol by introducing dynamic disulfide bonds in the cross-linking network structure components in RPCMs while enabling the adjustable mechanical stress (10.72-14.04 MPa) and strain (7.40-266.22%), high thermal reliability, and high thermal stability. Efficient photothermal RPCMs were realized by introducing polydopamine particles in the RPCM matrix. The thermal management system and the photothermoelectric generator were designed based on the advantages of high latent heat and efficient photothermal ability of RPCMs and further demonstrated the excellent thermal management ability and photothermoelectric properties. © 2025 American chemical Society.

关键词： Activation energy

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MXene Nanosheet-enhanced Ionotronic Hydrogels for Wireless Powering and Noncontact Sensing

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2025年第4期43卷 572-580页

作者： Yao-Qian Han Zhou-Yue Lei Pei-Yi Wu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCenter for Advanced Low-DimensionMaterialsDonghuaUniversityShanghai201620China

Smart actuators and wearable and implantable devices have attracted much attention in healthcare and environmental *** electronic and ionic materials are the two main approaches used to construct these *** them,hydrogel-based ionic materials offer unique advantages,such as biocompatibility and adaptable mechanical ***,ionic hydrogels encounter challenges in achieving wirelessly powered and noncontact *** address this,we introduce MXene nanosheets to construct ionotronic *** the rich surface charges and electronic conductivity of MXene nanosheets,ionotronic hydrogels can harvest vibrational and electromagnetic waves as electrical energy and enable noncontact *** ultrasound,it can continuously generate voltages up to 85 V and light up lightemitting diodes,promising wireless charging of implanted *** addition,it achieves an absorption coefficient of 0.2 for 915 MHz electromagnetic waves,enabling noncontact sensing through radio frequency ***,the physically crosslinked network of the MXenebased hydrogels maintained structural and performance stability under ultrasonic stimulation and exhibited self-healing *** when cut into two halves,the self-healing hydrogel fully regenerates its original *** study provides insight into the development of ionotronic hydrogels for wirelessly powered and noncontact sensing in smart actuators and wearable and implantable applications.

关键词： Hydrogels lonotronics MXene nanosheets Energy harvesting Noncontact sensing

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Novel electriferous charge-mosaic S(TMC@Lys-Li)separator towards efficient Li^(+)fast-transfer for high-energy density and long-duration lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第3期102卷 197-207页

作者： Lei Ding Dandan Li Sihang Zhang Zhaoyang Wang Pengfang Zhang Fanghui Du Shuyue Zhao Daoxin Zhang Feng Yang Shuo Zhang Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and New Battery Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLiaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000ShandongChina School of Food Science and Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042ShandongChina

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries with attractive capacity give remarkable potential for prospective high-capacity application scenarios but suffer a fatal flaw of short cyclability before large-scale commercialization especially owing to polysulfide(Li_(2)S_(n))transmembrane *** efficiently restrain chronic Li_(2)S_(n) shuttle and expedite Li^(+)transfer,herein,a novel electriferous charge-mosaic S(TMC@Lys-Li)separator preparation approach is *** polymerizations of lithiated lysine and trimesoyl chloride establish an electriferous charge-mosaic polyamide functional *** Li within the charge-mosaic layer offers transition or replacement sites for smoothing Li^(+)migrations,which constructs efficient Li^(+)fast-transfer private channels and accelerates the Li^(+)transfer rate to 9.4 *** charged polyamide skeleton synchronously heightens Li_(2)S_(n) rejections by combining Donnan and steric effects.S(TMC@Lys-Li)replenishes Li for homogenizing Li nucleation and growth,endowing stable plating/stripping behaviors over 250 cycles for Li-Cu *** Li-S cells thus exhibit excellent specific capacity and cyclability at multiple application scenarios such as long periods,high areal capacity,and fast charge,holding 78.1%retention after 500 cycles at 1 *** superior thermal stability and self-discharge of S(TMC@Lys-Li)dramatically strengthen battery thermal runaway resistance even at155℃,which ensures security for Li-S battery high-power and high-temperature *** alluring features enable charge-mosaic separators to be potentially adopted in practical Li-S batteries demanding strict security,high-capacity density,and fast charge technology.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery separator Polysulfide barrier Li*fast-transfer private channels Multifunctional

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