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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Wu, Yu-Chang Lyu, Shen-Huan Shang, Haopu Wang, Xiangyu Qian, Chao National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University China Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology Ministry of Water Resources Hohai University China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University China

Selective classification enables models to make predictions only when they are sufficiently confident, aiming to enhance safety and reliability, which is important in high-stakes scenarios. Previous methods mainly use deep neural networks and focus on modifying the architecture of classification layers to enable the model to estimate the confidence of its prediction. This work provides a generalization bound for selective classification, disclosing that optimizing feature layers helps improve the performance of selective classification. Inspired by this theory, we propose to explicitly improve the selective classification model at the feature level for the first time, leading to a novel Confidence-aware Contrastive Learning method for Selective Classification, CCL-SC, which similarizes the features of homogeneous instances and differentiates the features of heterogeneous instances, with the strength controlled by the model's confidence. The experimental results on typical datasets, i.e., CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, CelebA, and ImageNet, show that CCL-SC achieves significantly lower selective risk than state-of-the-art methods, across almost all coverage degrees. Moreover, it can be combined with existing methods to bring further improvement. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Proportional Feature Pyramid Network for Lane Detection 4

Proportional Feature Pyramid Network for Lane Detection

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4th International Conference on computer, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, ICCBD+AI 2023

作者： Hui, Jiapeng Lian, Guoyun Wu, Jiansheng Ge, Shuting Yang, Jinfeng Shenzhen Polytechnic University Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Shenzhen China University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Anshan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373233

Lane detection under extreme conditions presents a highly challenging task that requires capturing each crucial pixel to predict the complex topology of lane lines and differentiate the various lane types. Existing methods predominantly rely on deep feature extraction networks with substantial parameters or the fusion of multiple prediction modules, resulting in large model sizes, embedding difficulties, and slow detection speeds. This paper proposes a Proportional Feature Pyramid Network(P-FPN) through fusing the weights into the FPN for lane detection. In our method, the high-level features are explored to predict lanes coarsely while local- detailed features are leveraged to improve localization accuracy. Extensive experiments on the widely used lane detection dataset, CULane dataset, demonstrate that the proposed method achieves the competitive results compared with several state-of-the-art approaches. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Security and Privacy in Solar Insecticidal Lamps Internet of Things:Requirements and Challenges

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 58-73页

作者： Qingsong Zhao Lei Shu Kailiang Li Mohamed Amine Ferrag Ximeng Liu Yanbin Li the College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210031 the State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023 the State Key Laboratory of Cryptology Beijing 100878China IEEE the School of Engineering University of LincolnLincoln LN67TSUK the Artificial Intelligence and Digital Science Research Center Technology Innovation InstituteMasdar City 9639UAE the College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

Solar insecticidal lamps(SIL) can effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides. Combining SIL and Internet of Things(IoT) has formed a new type of agricultural IoT,known as SIL-IoT, which can improve the effectiveness of migratory phototropic pest control. However, since the SIL is connected to the Internet, it is vulnerable to various security *** issues can lead to serious consequences, such as tampering with the parameters of SIL, illegally starting and stopping SIL,etc. In this paper, we describe the overall security requirements of SIL-IoT and present an extensive survey of security and privacy solutions for SIL-IoT. We investigate the background and logical architecture of SIL-IoT, discuss SIL-IoT security scenarios, and analyze potential attacks. Starting from the security requirements of SIL-IoT we divide them into six categories, namely privacy, authentication, confidentiality, access control, availability,and integrity. Next, we describe the SIL-IoT privacy and security solutions, as well as the blockchain-based solutions. Based on the current survey, we finally discuss the challenges and future research directions of SIL-IoT.

关键词： Challenges Internet of Things(IoT) privacy and security security requirements solar insecticidal lamps(SIL)

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DearLLM: Enhancing Personalized Healthcare via Large Language Models-Deduced Feature Correlations 39

DearLLM: Enhancing Personalized Healthcare via Large Languag...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Xu, Yongxin Jiang, Xinke Chu, Xu Qiu, Rihong Feng, Yujie Ding, Hongxin Zhao, Junfeng Wang, Yasha Xie, Bing School of Computer Science School of Software & Microelectronics Peking University Beijing China Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies Ministry of Education Beijing China National Engineering Research Center For Software Engineering Peking University Beijing China Center on Frontiers of Computing Studies Peking University Beijing China Peking University Information Technology Institute Binhai Tianjin China Nanhu Laboratory Jiaxing China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Exploring the correlations between medical features is essential for extracting patient health patterns from electronic health records (EHR) data, and strengthening medical predictions and decision-making. To constrain the hypothesis space of pure data-driven deep learning in the context of limited annotated data, a common trend is to incorporate external knowledge, especially knowledge priors related to personalized health contexts, to optimize model training. However, most existing methods lack flexibility and are constrained by the uncertainties brought about by fixed feature correlation priors. In addition, in utilizing knowledge, these methods overlook the knowledge informative for personalized healthcare. To this end, we propose DearLLM, a novel and effective framework that leverages feature correlations deduced by large language models (LLMs) to enhance personalized healthcare. Concretely, DearLLM captures and learns quantitative correlations between medical features by calculating the conditional perplexity of LLMs’ deduction based on personalized patient backgrounds. Then, DearLLM enhances healthcare predictions by emphasizing knowledge that carries unique patient information through a feature-frequency-aware graph pooling method. Extensive experiments on two real-world benchmark datasets show significant performance gains brought by DearLLM. Furthermore, the discovered findings align well with medical literature, offering meaningful clinical interpretations. © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Electronic health record

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CLGT: A Graph Transformer for Student Performance Prediction in Collaborative Learning 37

CLGT: A Graph Transformer for Student Performance Prediction...

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37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2023

作者： Peng, Tianhao Liang, Yu Wu, Wenjun Ren, Jian Pengrui, Zhao Pu, Yanjun State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China Beijing Engineering Research Center for IoT Software and Systems Beijing University of Technology China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781577358800

Modeling and predicting the performance of students in collaborative learning paradigms is an important task. Most of the research presented in literature regarding collaborative learning focuses on the discussion forums and social learning networks. There are only a few works that investigate how students interact with each other in team projects and how such interactions affect their academic performance. In order to bridge this gap, we choose a software engineering course as the study subject. The students who participate in a software engineering course are required to team up and complete a software project together. In this work, we construct an interaction graph based on the activities of students grouped in various teams. Based on this student interaction graph, we present an extended graph transformer framework for collaborative learning (CLGT) for evaluating and predicting the performance of students. Moreover, the proposed CLGT contains an interpretation module that explains the prediction results and visualizes the student interaction patterns. The experimental results confirm that the proposed CLGT outperforms the baseline models in terms of performing predictions based on the real-world datasets. Moreover, the proposed CLGT differentiates the students with poor performance in the collaborative learning paradigm and gives teachers early warnings, so that appropriate assistance can be provided. Copyright © 2023, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Attention-guided CenterNet deep learning approach for lung cancer detection

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 186卷 109613-109613页

作者： Dawood, Hussain Nawaz, Marriam Ilyas, Muhammad U. Nazir, Tahira Javed, Ali School of Computing Skyline University College Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Software Engineering University of Engineering and Technology-Taxila Punjab 47050 Pakistan School of Computer Science University of Birmingham Dubai United Arab Emirates Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science Riphah International University Gulberg Green Campus Islamabad Pakistan

Lung cancer remains a significant health concern worldwide, prompting ongoing research efforts to enhance early detection and diagnosis. Prior studies have identified key challenges in existing approaches, including limitations in feature extraction, interpretability, and computational efficiency. In response, this study introduces a novel deep learning (DL) framework, termed the Improved CenterNet approach, tailored specifically for lung cancer detection. The primary importance of this work lies in its innovative integration of ResNet-34 with an attention mechanism within the CenterNet architecture, addressing critical limitations identified in previous studies. By augmenting the base network with an attention mechanism, our framework offers improved feature extraction capabilities, enabling the model to learn relevant patterns associated with lung cancer amidst complex backgrounds and varying environmental conditions. This enhancement facilitates more accurate and interpretable predictions while reducing computational complexity and inference times. Through extensive experimental evaluations conducted on standard datasets, our proposed approach demonstrates promising results, highlighting its potential to advance the field of lung cancer detection and diagnosis. Specifically, we have acquired the precision, recall, and F1-Score of 99.89 %, 99.82 %, and 99.85 % on the LUNA-16 dataset, and 98.33 %, 98.02 %, and 98.17 % for the Kaggle data sample, respectively which is showing the efficacy of our approach. One limitation of the work is that it cannot effectively locate the samples with intense light variations. Therefore, future research work is focused on overcoming this challenge. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Lung cancer

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Application Deployment in Mobile Edge Computing Environment Based on Microservice Chain 25

Application Deployment in Mobile Edge Computing Environment ...

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25th IEEE International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2022

作者： Li, Haiyan Tang, Bing Xu, Wei Guo, Feiyan Zhang, Xiaoyuan Hunan University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan Laboratory for Service Computing and Novel Software Technology Xiangtan411201 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665405270

Mobile edge computing (MEC) has become an extremely hot topic in recent years. Mobile edge cloud relies on storage and computing resources on network edge to provide users with delay-sensitive services. However, the transmission delay among microservices and the load of the servers tend to increase due to improper service placement and unreasonable resource allocation under MEC. In this paper, an edge service placement strategy based on an improved fast non-domination sorted genetic algorithm is proposed. First, a microservice placement optimization model is built with the goal of minimizing the average transmission delay and the load balance degree. Then, a genetic algorithm-based microservice placement approach called GA-MSP using improved NSGA-II is studied under the premise that a single service instance is deployed only on one container. The experiments show that the proposed GA-MSP approach is able to achieve low delay and load balance effectively, and ultimately deploy services based on the resulting sets after convergence, which outperforms several other existing representative methods. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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Analyze and identify the composition of glass products based on statistical analysis methods 4

Analyze and identify the composition of glass products based...

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4th International Conference on Machine Learning and computer Application, ICMLCA 2023

作者： Zhu, Huilin Wu, Jiaqing Zhou, Shiji Guangxi Normal University Mathematics and Statistics Guilin China Guangxi Normal University Computer Science and Engineering/School of Software Guilin China Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Communication and Information Engineering Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709449

Through the statistical analysis of the existing data, this paper mainly uses the chi-square test to analyze the chemical composition of glass cultural relics products, the relationship between weathering and the inherent properties of glass, and obtains the law of chemical composition of the two major glass categories, and selects the appropriate chemical composition classification based on this, constructs the characteristic quantity of chemical composition, and passes K-means++ the subclass division methods of high potassium glass and lead barium glass were studied in clustering, and finally the model sensitivity analysis was performed. Therefore, based on the above method, the type of unknown category glass products can be identified by chemical composition. The final results show that the model effect is stable, the feasibility is high, and the designed method is accurate for the analysis and identification of glass products. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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MNLEA-Multi-Modal Neighbor Context Learning for Entity Alignment

MNLEA-Multi-Modal Neighbor Context Learning for Entity Align...

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computer science, engineering, and Education (CSEE), International Conference on

作者： Rongzhen Shan Ming Sun Rong Yang School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (数字)9798331505165

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505172

Multi-modal entity alignment (MMEA) plays a crucial role in Multi-modal Knowledge Graphs (MMKGs), aiming to identify entities in different graphs that represent the same meaning in real world. MMEA has gained significant attention in various domains and have driven the development of numerous downstream applications. However, current MMEA algorithms rely on the entities themselves, which ignores the importance of neighbor contextual features, thus compromising robustness against noise and making them challenging to handle newly emerging entities in real world graphs. In this work, we introduce MNLEA, a multi-modal neighbor context learning approach for MMEA, which uses a new Neighbor Attention Network (NAN) to learn the neighbor context for each entity and employs a cross-modal fusion strategy to aggregate entity features for MMEA. MNLEA can effectively align entities that have never appeared during training strategy owing to the NAN module. We conducted extensive experimental validation on several commonly used MMEA datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our model can indeed improve the performance of MMEA in multiple scenarios.

关键词： Training computer science Aggregates Noise Knowledge graphs Robustness Graph neural networks

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DarkSAM: Fooling Segment Anything Model to Segment Nothing 38

DarkSAM: Fooling Segment Anything Model to Segment Nothing

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Zhou, Ziqi Song, Yufei Li, Minghui Hu, Shengshan Wang, Xianlong Zhang, Leo Yu Yao, Dezhong Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System China Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Australia

Segment Anything Model (SAM) has recently gained much attention for its outstanding generalization to unseen data and tasks. Despite its promising prospect, the vulnerabilities of SAM, especially to universal adversarial perturbation (UAP) have not been thoroughly investigated yet. In this paper, we propose DarkSAM, the first prompt-free universal attack framework against SAM, including a semantic decoupling-based spatial attack and a texture distortion-based frequency attack. We first divide the output of SAM into foreground and background. Then, we design a shadow target strategy to obtain the semantic blueprint of the image as the attack target. DarkSAM is dedicated to fooling SAM by extracting and destroying crucial object features from images in both spatial and frequency domains. In the spatial domain, we disrupt the semantics of both the foreground and background in the image to confuse SAM. In the frequency domain, we further enhance the attack effectiveness by distorting the high-frequency components (i.e., texture information) of the image. Consequently, with a single UAP, DarkSAM renders SAM incapable of segmenting objects across diverse images with varying prompts. Experimental results on four datasets for SAM and its two variant models demonstrate the powerful attack capability and transferability of DarkSAM. Our codes are available at: https://***/CGCL-codes/DarkSAM. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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