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Camouflaged Variational Graph AutoEncoder against Attribute Inference Attacks for Cross-Domain Recommendation

IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data engineering 2025年第07期37卷 3916-3932页

作者： Xiong, Yudi Guo, Yongxin Pan, Weike Yang, Qiang Ming, Zhong Zhang, Xiaojin Yu, Han Lin, Tao Tang, Xiaoying Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen518060 China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen518172 China Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong WeBank Shenzhen China Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering 639798 Singapore Westlake University School of Engineering Hangzhou China

Cross-domain recommendation (CDR) aims to alleviate the data sparsity problem by leveraging the benefits of modeling two domains. However, existing research often focuses on the recommendation performance while ignores the privacy leakage issue. We find that an attacker can infer user attribute information from the knowledge (e.g., user preferences) transferred between the source and target domains. For example, in our experiments, the average inference accuracies of attack models on gender and age attributes are 0.8323 and 0.3897. The best-performing attack model achieves accuracies of 0.8847 and 0.4634, exceeding a random inference by 25.10% and 64.04%. We can see that the leakage of user attribute information may significantly exceed what would be expected from random inference. In this paper, we propose a novel recommendation framework named CVGAE (short for camouflaged variational graph autoencoder), which effectively models user behaviors and mitigates the risk of user attribute information leakage at the same time. Specifically, our CVGAE combines the strengths of VAEs in capturing latent features and variability with the ability of GCNs in exploiting high-order relational information. Moreover, to ensure against attribute inference attacks without sacrificing the recommendation performance, we design a user attribute protection module that fuses user attribute-camouflaged information with knowledge transfer during cross-domain processes. We then conduct extensive experiments on three real-world datasets, and find our CVGAE is able to achieve strong privacy protection while making little sacrifices in recommendation accuracy. © 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Recommender systems

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Bias analysis of AI models for undergraduate student admissions

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第12期37卷 7785-7795页

作者： Van Busum, Kelly Fang, Shiaofen Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Butler University IndianapolisIN United States Computing and Engineering Indiana University Luddy School of Informatics Indiana University Indianapolis IndianapolisIN United States

Bias detection and mitigation is an active area of research in machine learning. This work extends previous research done by the authors Van Busum and Fang (Proceedings of the 38th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing, 2023) to provide a rigorous and more complete analysis of the bias found in AI predictive models. Admissions data spanning six years was used to create an AI model to determine whether a given student would be directly admitted into the school of science under various scenarios at a large urban research university. During this time, submission of standardized test scores as part of a student’s application became optional which led to interesting questions about the impact of standardized test scores on admission decisions. We developed and analyzed AI models to understand which variables are important in admissions decisions, and how the decision to exclude test scores affects the demographics of the students who are admitted. We then evaluated the predictive models to detect and analyze biases these models may carry with respect to three variables chosen to represent sensitive populations: gender, race, and whether a student was the first in his/her family to attend college. We also extended our analysis to show that the biases detected were persistent. Finally, we included several fairness metrics in our analysis and discussed the uses and limitations of these metrics. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Students

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ViF-SD2E: a robust weakly-supervised framework for neural decoding

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第9期37卷 6645-6661页

作者： Feng, Jingyi Luo, Yong Song, Shuang Hu, Han National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

Neural decoding plays a vital role in the interaction between the brain and the outside world. Our task in this paper is to decode the movement track of a finger directly based on the neural data. Existing neural decoding solutions primarily perform some preprocessing operations on neural data before feeding them into existing models (such as LSTM) for decoding. However, these solutions either are prone to overfitting or cannot well exploit the spatial and temporal information. In our previous observations, there is a symmetrical phenomenon between the unsupervised decoded trajectory and the ground truth trajectory within the activity space. This precisely motivates us to propose (or derive) a robust weakly-supervised framework (or model structure), called ViF-SD2E, for neural decoding. In particular, it consists of a space-division (SD) module and an exploration–exploitation (2E) strategy, to effectively exploit both the spatial information of the outside world and the temporal information of neural activity, where the SD2E output is analogized with the weak 0/1 vision feedback (ViF) label for training. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, which can sometimes be comparable to supervised counterparts. Therefore, we redirect our attention to the information (hidden in data) ViF-SD2E conveys to us. In other words, we believe that the advantage of ViF-SD2E lies in the fact that its processing steps are objectively determined by the inherent attributes (i.e., symmetry) of the neural data, or rather, the model structure is fixed. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Space division multiple access

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In silico prediction methods of self-interacting proteins:an empirical and academic survey

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Frontiers of computer science 2023年第3期17卷 199-216页

作者： Zhanheng CHEN Zhuhong YOU Qinhu ZHANG Zhenhao GUO Siguo WANG Yanbin WANG College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China Institute of Machine Learning and Systems Biology School of Electronics and Information EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China School of Cyber Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In silico prediction of self-interacting proteins(SIPs)has become an important part of *** is an urgent need to develop effective and reliable prediction methods to overcome the disadvantage of high cost and labor intensive in traditional biological wet-lab *** goal of our survey is to sum up a comprehensive overview of the recent literature with the computational SIPs prediction,to provide important references for actual work in the *** this review,we first describe the data required for the task of DTIs ***,some interesting feature extraction methods and computational models are presented on this topic in a timely ***,an empirical comparison is performed to demonstrate the prediction performance of some classifiers under different feature extraction and encoding ***,we conclude and highlight potential methods for further enhancement of SIPs prediction performance as well as related research directions.

关键词： proteomics self-interacting proteins feature extraction prediction model

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A New End-to-End Image Contrastive Clustering Based on Mining Latent Positive Samples 7

A New End-to-End Image Contrastive Clustering Based on Minin...

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7th International Conference on Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing, MLNLP 2024

作者： Feng, Bo Yan, Xi Yan, Li Luo, Bing Pei, Zheng School of Science Xihua University Chengdu China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Xihua University Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354973

The integration of the contrastive learning paradigm into deep clustering has led to enhanced performance in image clustering. However, in existing researches, the samples in the class of the target may be still treated as negative samples, this means that more semantic sample pairs cannot be constructed and the intra-class compactness may be compromised. In this paper, we propose a new contrastive clustering method based on mining latent positive samples (CCLPS), which utilizes the nearest neighbor relationship between samples to mine semantic positive samples in the same class. In more detail, by mining latent positive samples in both the feature and cluster spaces, CCLPS can obtain more cluster-friendly feature representation of samples to enhance clustering performance. Samples mined from the feature space fuel the cluster-level contrastive learning task, while samples mined from the cluster space fuel the instance-level task. Three image datasets CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet are employed to experimentally demonstrate usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed method in image clustering, and transfer learning based on mining latent positive samples is also discussed and comparisons are made with 19 representative clustering methods on the datasets. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can serve as a pre-training model for transfer learning and exhibits commendable feature modeling capabilities. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Neural Operator-Based Framework for Time Efficient Denoising of Displacement Fields in Ultrasound Elastography

Neural Operator-Based Framework for Time Efficient Denoising...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Zhu, Yihong Peng, Bo School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu610500 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

In ultrasound elastography, the noise present in the measured displacement fields has been a critical factor affecting the quality of the strain or elastic distribution reconstruction. Existing partial differential equation (PDE) based denoising algorithms can effectively remove noise to some extent but are limited by slow solving speeds. To address this challenge, we introduce a neural operator-based framework for denoising measured displacement fields in ultrasound elastography. By utilizing neural operators to learn a general solution operator for the denoising equation, the framework aims to achieve fast and accurate denoising of displacement fields. Experiments conducted on simulated data and tissue-mimicking phantom data demonstrate that this method performs comparably to traditional methods across various metrics. In particular, the proposed approach achieves processing speeds approximately 30 to 577 times faster than the finite difference method (FDM) in various data dimensions, making it a highly effective solution for rapid and scalable data processing in ultrasound elastography. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonic applications

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Applied Technology Research on the Construction of Bidirectional Knowledge Graph Curriculum System Based on SmartKG 6

Applied Technology Research on the Construction of Bidirecti...

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6th International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Education, WAIE 2024

作者： Jiang, Su Luo, Wei Cui, Hengji School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Dalian Neusoft University of Information Dalian China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378894

Amidst the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence technology, it is imperative to apply these technological developments to the realm of education to enhance information-based teaching methodologies. This article introduces a knowledge management framework that aims to visualize curriculum knowledge systems using knowledge graphs in the educational sector. Taking courses like Fundamentals of computer Systems as exemplars, the article demonstrates the techniques for constructing knowledge graphs. Additionally, SmartKG's ease of deployment and application allows students to construct their own visual knowledge graphs, fostering a deeper comprehension of knowledge and fostering the profound integration of AI and teaching. Through the analysis of the curriculum system and students' self-constructed knowledge graphs, the efficacy of utilizing knowledge graphs in learning has been validated, propelling the application and practice of intelligent classroom teaching. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Spatial Correlation Module for Classification of Multi-Label Ocular Diseases Using Color Fundus Images

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 133-150页

作者： Ali Haider Khan Hassaan Malik Wajeeha Khalil Sayyid Kamran Hussain Tayyaba Anees Muzammil Hussain Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Computer SciencesLahore Garrison UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Computer Science School of Systems and TechnologyUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science&Information Technology University of Engineering and Technology(UET)PeshawarPakistan Department of Computer Science TIMES InstituteMultan60000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering School of Systems and TechnologyUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan

To prevent irreversible damage to one’s eyesight,ocular diseases(ODs)need to be recognized and treated *** fundus imaging(CFI)is a screening technology that is both effective and *** to CFIs,the early stages of the disease are characterized by a paucity of observable symptoms,which necessitates the prompt creation of automated and robust diagnostic *** traditional research focuses on image-level diagnostics that attend to the left and right eyes in isolation without making use of pertinent correlation data between the two sets of *** addition,they usually only target one or a few different kinds of eye diseases at the same *** this study,we design a patient-level multi-label OD(PLML_ODs)classification model that is based on a spatial correlation network(SCNet).This model takes into consideration the relevance of patient-level diagnosis combining bilateral eyes and multi-label ODs ***_ODs is made up of three parts:a backbone convolutional neural network(CNN)for feature extraction i.e.,DenseNet-169,a SCNet for feature correlation,and a classifier for the development of classification *** DenseNet-169 is responsible for retrieving two separate sets of attributes,one from each of the left and right *** then,the SCNet will record the correlations between the two feature sets on a pixel-by-pixel *** the attributes have been analyzed,they are integrated to provide a representation at the patient *** the whole process of ODs categorization,the patient-level representation will be *** efficacy of the PLML_ODs is examined using a soft margin loss on a dataset that is readily accessible to the public,and the results reveal that the classification performance is significantly improved when compared to several baseline approaches.

关键词： Ocular disease multi-label spatial correlation CNN eye disease

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Application of optimized deformable convolution in underwater biological detection algorithm 3

Application of optimized deformable convolution in underwate...

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3rd International Symposium on computer Applications and Information Systems, ISCAIS 2024

作者： Zhuang, Hongwei Liu, Weisheng School of Computer and Software Engineering Liaoning University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510681316

Underwater target detection is an important method for marine life detection. However, the accuracy of target detection and recognition is affected by the problems of image occlusion, blurred water quality and complex background of underwater targets. An improved YOLOV7 underwater biological target detection method is proposed to address the above problems. Firstly, the DCN structure is improved by incorporating the residual structure into the DCN, with new jump connections and 1×1 convolutional branches, so that the network can learn the residual information between the input and the output. It can improve the expressive ability of the model, reduce the number of parameters, and enhance the adaptability to the shape of the object. Finally, COT3 is integrated, which utilises a self-attention mechanism to weight the input feature maps so that the model can focus on important contextual information around the target and improve the model's ability to handle complex scenes. The experimental results show that the improved YOLOv7 model achieves an average detection accuracy mAP value of 80.4%, which is 2.8% higher than the original algorithm, and the algorithm is better than the original YOLOv7 algorithm in terms of detection accuracy and speed, which is more suitable for the detection of underwater targets. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Water quality

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ACDD: Automated COVID Detection using Deep Neural Networks

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2023年第6期12卷 518-525页

作者： Raza, Ghulam Musa Shoaib, Muhammad Kim, Byung-Seo Department of Software and Communications Engineering Hongik University Sejong Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

December 2019 witnessed the outbreak of a novel coronavirus, thought to have started in the Chinese city of Wuhan. The situation worsened owing to its quick spread across the globe, leading to a worldwide pandemic that became known as COVID-19. To suppress the pandemic, early detection of positive COVID-19 patients has become highly important. There is a lack of precise automated tool kits available for use in diagnosing medical conditions, so auxiliary diagnostic tools are in high demand. Important information about this virus can be extracted from X-ray images, which can be used in conjunction with advanced artificial intelligence. This study addresses the unavailability of physicians in remote areas, and the complex algorithm proposed in this study can find potential matches for patients in rural areas who need care. This could help to improve access to care for those who need it most. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel model that can automatically detect COVID-19 by utilizing chest X-ray images. The proposed model incorporates binary and multi-class classification and can be employed by radiologists for timely detection of the COVID-19 virus in an effective manner. © 2023 The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers.

关键词： COVID-19

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