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A Dangerous Driving Behavior Detection Method Based on Improved YOLOv8s

engineering Letters 2025年第3期33卷 721-731页

作者： Zhou, Tong Zhang, Xiaoxia Chen, Huilong School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoNing Anshan114051 China

Detecting dangerous driving behavior is a critical research area focused on identifying and preventing actions that could lead to traffic accidents, such as smoking, drinking, yawning, and drowsiness, through technical methods. Advanced computer vision and machine learning technologies enable efficient detection models to monitor and analyze driver behavior, improving road safety. Due to challenges posed by complex environments, this paper introduces an enhanced detection algorithm, YOLOv8s-CDS, to improve the identification of dangerous driving behaviors. First, the ConvNeXt V2 module is integrated with the C2f module to form C2fNeb2, optimizing feature extraction for behaviors like smoking or phone use. Second, the DASI (Dimension-Aware Selective Integration) module enhances detection accuracy through multi-scale fusion and dimension perception. Additionally, the SCConv module replaces the Conv module in the Bottleneck, forming C2fSCConv, which reduces spatial redundancy and improves detection efficiency.A comprehensive experimental analysis of dangerous driving image datasets demonstrates that the mean average precision (mAP) of the YOLOv8s-CDS algorithm is 91.20%, which is 2.4% higher than that of the YOLOv8s algorithm. Compared to other object detection algorithms, such as Faster R-CNN, YOLOv5s, YOLOv7s, YOLOX and YOLOv8, YOLOv8s-CDS demonstrates greater practicality in detecting dangerous driving behaviors, contributing to a reduction in traffic accidents and enhancing the safety of life and property. © 2025, International Association of Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Highway accidents

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Converse Attention Knowledge Transfer for Low-Resource Named Entity Recognition

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International Journal of Crowd science 2024年第3期8卷 140-148页

作者： Lyu, Shengfei Sun, Linghao Yi, Huixiong Liu, Yong Chen, Huanhuan Miao, Chunyan School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore

In recent years, great success has been achieved in many tasks of natural language processing (NLP), e.g., named entity recognition (NER), especially in the high-resource language, i.e., English, thanks in part to the considerable amount of labeled resources. More labeled resources, better word representations. However, most low-resource languages do not have such an abundance of labeled data as high-resource English, leading to poor performance of NER in these low-resource languages due to poor word representations. In the paper, we propose converse attention network (CAN) to augment word representations in low-resource languages from the high-resource language, improving the performance of NER in low-resource languages by transferring knowledge learned in the high-resource language. CAN first translates sentences in low-resource languages into high-resource English using an attention-based translation module. In the process of translation, CAN obtains the attention matrices that align word representations of high-resource language space and low-resource language space. Furthermore, CAN augments word representations learned in low-resource language space with word representations learned in high-resource language space using the attention matrices. Experiments on four low-resource NER datasets show that CAN achieves consistent and significant performance improvements, which indicates the effectiveness of CAN. © The author(s) 2024.

关键词： Labeled data

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The Improved Unet Semantic Segmentation Network for Remote Sensing Images

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2025年第4期52卷 1187-1195页

作者： Zhu, Hang Zhao, Ji School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China

With the development of artificial intelligence, deep learning has been increasingly used to achieve automatic detection of geographic information, replacing manual interpretation and improving efficiency. However, remote sensing images themselves have the issue of slight inter-class variance and significant intra-class variance, making it challenging to extract valuable information. Additionally, the increasing resolution and size of remote sensing images in recent years have introduced more complexity in the types of information, further increasing the difficulty of extracting valuable data. This paper proposes an improved Unet semantic segmentation network (referred to as RAUnet). First, in the encoder, continuous convolutional blocks are enhanced to extract features. At the same time, the EMAM multi-scale attention module is employed for cross-channel learning, capturing information from different feature channels of the target and using the surrounding feature information to assist in distinguishing target information. To capture multi-directional long-range dependencies, the Lo2 module is used for long-range modeling, which captures not only local contextual information but also long-range dependencies. In the decoder, a Dysample upsampling module is used to restore feature details, and in the skip connection layer, features are added for feature fusion. Experimental results show that compared to mainstream models, the proposed method achieves superior segmentation results on the Potsdam and Vihingen datasets. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Biometrics 2.0 for the Security of Smart Cities

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第6期21卷 1121-1144页

作者： Wei Jia Zhecheng Zhang Yang Zhao Hai Min Shujie Li School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China

In modern society,an increasing number of occasions need to effectively verify people's *** is the most ef-fective technology for personal *** research on automated biometrics recognition mainly started in the 1960s and *** the following 50 years,the research and application of biometrics have achieved fruitful *** 2014-2015,with the successful applications of some emerging information technologies and tools,such as deep learning,cloud computing,big data,mobile communication,smartphones,location-based services,blockchain,new sensing technology,the Internet of Things and federated learning,biometric technology entered a new development ***,taking 2014-2015 as the time boundary,the development of biometric technology can be divided into two *** addition,according to our knowledge and understanding of biometrics,we fur-ther divide the development of biometric technology into three phases,i.e.,biometrics 1.0,2.0 and *** 1.0 is the primary de-velopment phase,or the traditional development *** 2.0 is an explosive development phase due to the breakthroughs caused by some emerging information *** present,we are in the development phase of biometrics *** 3.0 is the future development phase of *** the biometrics 3.0 phase,biometric technology will be fully mature and can meet the needs of various *** 1.0 is the initial phase of the development of biometric technology,while biometrics 2.0 is the advanced *** this paper,we provide a brief review of biometrics ***,the concept of biometrics 2.0 is defined,and the architecture of biometrics 2.0 is *** particular,the application architecture of biometrics 2.0 in smart cities is *** challenges and perspectives of biometrics 2.0 are also discussed.

关键词： Biometrics smart city security application architecture

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Dual strategy for single image denoising and generation using deep neural network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第18期84卷 1-17页

作者： Ranjith, J. Sarobin, Vergin Raja Bhargavi, Renta Chintala School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India

Removing noise in the real-world scenario has been a daunting task in the field of natural language processing. Research has shown that Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have proven to be very useful in terms of noise generation in order to synthesize noise and clean image couples in order to train the deep denoiser architectures. In our work, we develop a method that denoises an image while dealing hand in hand with image generation tasks so as to facilitate the former and reduce the load on the denoiser. We use a probabilistic model by learning the joint distribution of the noisy and clean image couples. To be more specific, we use an approximation of the above-mentioned probabilistic distribution by using two different forms, one that can map clean images to noisy, hereafter referred to as the generator, and the vice versa, i.e., mapping a noisy image to a clean image hereafter referred to as the image denoiser. The advantage of this method is that as compared to traditional models where manual design of the images beforehand and deducing information on the noise assumption was critical, the learned probabilistic joint distribution now implicitly holds the required details related to the clean and noisy images. The main aim of the symmetric generator is to enhance the performance of the denoiser by generating synthetic noisy images from the same dataset itself. The evaluation of the denoiser was done using two evaluation metrics, peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and the structural similarity index (SSIM). The entire experiment was conducted using the publicly available Smartphone Image Denoising Dataset (SIDD). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Privacy-preserving recommendation with coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 66-81页

作者： Lei CHEN Chen GAO Jiahuan LEI Xiaoyi DU Xinlei SHI Hengliang LUO Depeng JIN Yong LI Meng WANG Department of Electronic Engineering BNRist Tsinghua University Meituan Inc. School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology

The behavior of users on online life service platforms like Meituan and Yelp often occurs within specific finegrained spatiotemporal contexts(i.e., when and where). Recommender systems, designed to serve millions of users, typically operate in a fully server-based manner, requiring on-device users to upload their behavioral data, including fine-grained spatiotemporal contexts, to the server, which has sparked public concern regarding privacy. Consequently, user devices only upload coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts for user privacy protection. However, previous research mostly focuses on modeling fine-grained spatiotemporal contexts using knowledge graph convolutional models, which are not applicable to coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts in privacy-constrained recommender systems. In this paper, we investigate privacy-preserving recommendation by leveraging coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts. We propose the coarse-grained spatiotemporal knowledge graph for privacy-preserving recommendation(CSKG), which explicitly models spatiotemporal co-occurrences using common-sense knowledge from coarse-grained contexts. Specifically, we begin by constructing a spatiotemporal knowledge graph tailored to coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts. Then we employ a learnable metagraph network that integrates common-sense information to filter and extract co-occurrences. CSKG evaluates the impact of coarsegrained spatiotemporal contexts on user behavior through the use of a knowledge graph convolutional network. Finally, we introduce joint learning to effectively learn representations. By conducting experiments on two real large-scale datasets,we achieve an average improvement of about 11.0% on two ranking metrics. The results clearly demonstrate that CSKG outperforms state-of-the-art baselines.

关键词： privacy-preserveing coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts recommender systems

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A Comprehensive Survey on Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) Detection Techniques

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2675-2719页

作者： Singamaneni Krishnapriya Sukhvinder Singh Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and TechnologyPondicherry UniversityKalapet605014India

The increase in number of people using the Internet leads to increased cyberattack *** Persistent Threats,or APTs,are among the most dangerous targeted *** attacks utilize various advanced tools and techniques for attacking targets with specific *** countries with advanced technologies,like the US,Russia,the UK,and India,are susceptible to this targeted *** is a sophisticated attack that involves multiple stages and specific ***,TTP(Tools,Techniques,and Procedures)involved in the APT attack are commonly new and developed by an attacker to evade the security ***,APTs are generally implemented in multiple *** one of the stages is detected,we may apply a defense mechanism for subsequent stages,leading to the entire APT attack *** detection at the early stage of APT and the prediction of the next step in the APT kill chain are ongoing *** survey paper will provide knowledge about APT attacks and their essential *** follows the case study of known APT attacks,which will give clear information about the APT attack process—in later sections,highlighting the various detection methods defined by different researchers along with the limitations of the *** used in this article comes from the various annual reports published by security experts and blogs and information released by the enterprise networks targeted by the attack.

关键词： Advanced persistent threats APT cyber security intrusion detection cyber attacks

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VKFQ:A Verifiable Keyword Frequency Query Framework with Local Differential Privacy in Blockchain

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4205-4223页

作者： Youlin Ji Bo Yin Ke Gu School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China

With its untameable and traceable properties,blockchain technology has been widely used in the field of data *** to preserve individual privacy while enabling efficient data queries is one of the primary issues with secure data *** this paper,we study verifiable keyword frequency(KF)queries with local differential privacy in *** the numerical and the keyword attributes are present in data objects;the latter are sensitive and require privacy ***,prior studies in blockchain have the problem of trilemma in privacy protection and are unable to handle KF *** propose an efficient framework that protects data owners’privacy on keyword attributes while enabling quick and verifiable query processing for KF *** framework computes an estimate of a keyword’s frequency and is efficient in query time and verification object(VO)size.A utility-optimized local differential privacy technique is used for privacy *** data owner adds noise locally into data based on local differential privacy so that the attacker cannot infer the owner of the keywords while keeping the difference in the probability distribution of the KF within the privacy *** propose the VB-cm tree as the authenticated data structure(ADS).The VB-cm tree combines the Verkle tree and the Count-Min sketch(CM-sketch)to lower the VO size and query *** VB-cm tree uses the vector commitment to verify the query *** fixed-size CM-sketch,which summarizes the frequency of multiple keywords,is used to estimate the KF via hashing *** conduct an extensive evaluation of the proposed *** experimental results show that compared to theMerkle B+tree,the query time is reduced by 52.38%,and the VO size is reduced by more than one order of magnitude.

关键词： Security data sharing blockchain data query privacy protection

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Code context-based reviewer recommendation

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Frontiers of computer science 2025年第1期19卷 97-108页

作者： Dawei YUAN Xiao PENG Zijie CHEN Tao ZHANG Ruijia LEI School of Computer Science and Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China Faculty of Science University of AmsterdamAmsterdam WB 1018Netherlands

Code review is a critical process in software development, contributing to the overall quality of the product by identifying errors early. A key aspect of this process is the selection of appropriate reviewers to scrutinize changes made to source code. However, in large-scale open-source projects, selecting the most suitable reviewers for a specific change can be a challenging task. To address this, we introduce the Code Context Based Reviewer Recommendation (CCB-RR), a model that leverages information from changesets to recommend the most suitable reviewers. The model takes into consideration the paths of modified files and the context derived from the changesets, including their titles and descriptions. Additionally, CCB-RR employs KeyBERT to extract the most relevant keywords and compare the semantic similarity across changesets. The model integrates the paths of modified files, keyword information, and the context of code changes to form a comprehensive picture of the changeset. We conducted extensive experiments on four open-source projects, demonstrating the effectiveness of CCB-RR. The model achieved a Top-1 accuracy of 60%, 55%, 51%, and 45% on the Android, OpenStack, QT, and LibreOffice projects respectively. For Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR), CCB achieved 71%, 62%, 52%, and 68% on the same projects respectively, thereby highlighting its potential for practical application in code reviewer recommendation.

关键词： code reviewer recommendation code context pull request

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Towards machine-learning-driven effective mashup recommendations from big data in mobile networks and the Internet-of-Things

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 138-145页

作者： Yueshen Xu Zhiying Wang Honghao Gao Zhiping Jiang Yuyu Yin Rui Li School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi'an710126China School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China

A large number of Web APIs have been released as services in mobile communications,but the service provided by a single Web API is usually *** enrich the services in mobile communications,developers have combined Web APIs and developed a new service,which is known as a *** emergence of mashups greatly increases the number of services in mobile communications,especially in mobile networks and the Internet-of-Things(IoT),and has encouraged companies and individuals to develop even more mashups,which has led to the dramatic increase in the number of *** a trend brings with it big data,such as the massive text data from the mashups themselves and continually-generated usage ***,the question of how to determine the most suitable mashups from big data has become a challenging *** this paper,we propose a mashup recommendation framework from big data in mobile networks and the *** proposed framework is driven by machine learning techniques,including neural embedding,clustering,and matrix *** employ neural embedding to learn the distributed representation of mashups and propose to use cluster analysis to learn the relationship among the *** also develop a novel Joint Matrix Factorization(JMF)model to complete the mashup recommendation task,where we design a new objective function and an optimization *** then crawl through a real-world large mashup dataset and perform *** experimental results demonstrate that our framework achieves high accuracy in mashup recommendation and performs better than all compared baselines.

关键词： Mashup recommendation Big data Machine learning Mobile networks Internet-of-Things

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