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An intelligent hybrid MAC protocol for a sensor-based personalized healthcare system

Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第2期8卷 174-185页

作者： Linbo Deng Jinsong Gui Tian Wang Jiawei Tan Xiong Li School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangSha410083China College of Computer Science and Technology Huaqiao UniversityXiamen361021China Institute for Cyber Security School of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China

Sensors based on personalized healthcare systems have been widely used in the medical ***,energy limitations have greatly hindered the further development of medical *** the traditional Medium Access Control(MAC)protocol,the duration of low-power listening is fixed because it ignores that the available energy of sensors is different in some situations,which leads to a high delay and low energy *** this paper,a Maximum Listening Length MAC(MLL-MAC)protocol is proposed to fully utilize the energy in the sensor-based *** MLL-MAC protocol is an improvement of the Receiver-Initiated(RI)MAC *** main advance is that the sensor node performs the following additional operations:(1)The sender sends a beacon when it wakes up and sends data,thus establishing a communication link with the receiver in the listening state;(2)The receiver keeps listening as long as possible to reduce the delay when it wakes up and listens to the channel,which is different from the previous strategy in which the node turns into a sleep state immediately without receiving ***,the sensor node can dynamically determine whether to send beacons and prolong listening duration according to its available energy *** MLL-MAC protocol is evaluated through theoretical analysis and experimental *** results show that,compared with the RI-MAC protocol,the MLL-MAC protocol can reduce the average end-to-end delay by 41.4%and improve the energy utilization by 15.1%.

关键词： Sensor based system Delay Energy consumption Network lifetime Adaptive listening length

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Online Matching with Stochastic Rewards: Provable Better Bound via Adversarial Reinforcement Learning 41

Online Matching with Stochastic Rewards: Provable Better Bou...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Zhang, Qiankun Shen, Aocheng Zhang, Boyu Jiang, Hanrui Du, Bingqian School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

For a specific online optimization problem, for example, online bipartite matching (OBM), research efforts could be made in two directions before it is finally closed, i.e., the optimal competitive online algorithm is *** is to continuously design algorithms with better *** this end, reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated great success in ***, little is known on the other direction: whether RL helps explore how hard an online problem *** this paper, we study a generalized model of OBM, named online matching with stochastic rewards (OMSR, FOCS 2012), for which the optimal competitive ratio is still *** adopt an adversarial RL approach that trains two RL agents adversarially and iteratively: the algorithm agent learns for algorithms with larger competitive ratios, while the adversarial agent learns to produce a family of hard *** such a framework, agents converge at the end with a robust algorithm, which empirically outperforms the state of the art (STOC 2020).Much more significantly, it allows to track how the hard instances are *** succeed in distilling two structural properties from the learned graph patterns, which remarkably reduce the action space, and further enable theoretical improvement on the best-known hardness result of OMSR, from 0.621 (FOCS 2012) to *** the best of our knowledge, this gives the first evidence that RL can help enhance the theoretical understanding of an online problem. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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A Review of Device-Free Indoor Positioning for Home-Based Care of the Aged:Techniques and Technologies

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2023年第6期135卷 1901-1940页

作者： Geng Chen Lili Cheng Rui Shao Qingbin Wang Shuihua Wang College of Electronic and Information Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China School of Computer Science and Technology Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454000China

With the development of urbanization,the problem of neurological diseases brought about by population aging has gradually become a social problem of worldwide *** leads to gradual degeneration of the central nervous system,shrinkage of brain tissue,and decline in physical function in many elderlies,making them susceptible to neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),stroke,Parkinson’s and major depressive disorder(MDD).Due to the influence of these neurological diseases,the elderly have troubles such as memory loss,inability to move,falling,and getting lost,which seriously affect their quality of *** and positioning of elderly with neurological diseases and keeping track of their location in real-time are necessary and crucial in order to detect and treat dangerous and unexpected situations in *** that the elderly with neurological diseases forget to wear a positioning device or have mobility problems due to carrying a positioning device,device-free positioning as a passive positioning technology that detects device-free individuals is more suitable than traditional active positioning for the home-based care of the elderly with neurological *** paper provides an extensive and in-depth survey of device-free indoor positioning technology for home-based care and an in-depth analysis of the main features of current positioning systems,as well as the techniques,technologies andmethods they employ,fromthe perspective of the needs of the elderly with neurological ***,evaluation criteria and possible solutions of positioning techniques for the home-based care of the elderly with neurological conditions are ***,the opportunities and challenges for the development of indoor positioning technology in 6G mobile networks for home-based care of the elderly with neurological diseases are *** review has provided comprehensive and effective tracking and positioning techniques,technologies

关键词： Home-based care device-free neurological diseases indoor positioning positioning techniques and technologies positioning accuracy

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A Facial Expression Recognition Method Integrating Uncertainty Estimation and Active Learning

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 533-548页

作者： Yujian Wang Jianxun Zhang Renhao Sun School of Computer Science and Engineering Chongqing University of TechnologyChongqing400054China Data Space Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei230088China

The effectiveness of facial expression recognition(FER)algorithms hinges on the model’s quality and the availability of a substantial amount of labeled expression ***,labeling large datasets demands significant human,time,and financial *** active learning methods have mitigated the dependency on extensive labeled data,a cold-start problem persists in small to medium-sized expression recognition *** issue arises because the initial labeled data often fails to represent the full spectrum of facial expression *** paper introduces an active learning approach that integrates uncertainty estimation,aiming to improve the precision of facial expression recognition regardless of dataset scale *** method is divided into two primary ***,the model undergoes self-supervised pre-training using contrastive learning and uncertainty estimation to bolster its feature extraction ***,the model is fine-tuned using the prior knowledge obtained from the pre-training phase to significantly improve recognition *** the pretraining phase,the model employs contrastive learning to extract fundamental feature representations from the complete unlabeled *** features are then weighted through a self-attention mechanism with rank ***,data from the low-weighted set is relabeled to further refine the model’s feature extraction *** pre-trained model is then utilized in active learning to select and label information-rich samples more *** results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms existing approaches,achieving an improvement in recognition accuracy of 5.09%and 3.82%over the best existing active learning methods,Margin,and Least Confidence methods,respectively,and a 1.61%improvement compared to the conventional segmented active learning method.

关键词： Expression recognition active learning self-supervised learning uncertainty estimation

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Learning a Mixture of Conditional Gating Blocks for Visual Question Answering

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Journal of computer science & technology 2024年第4期39卷 912-928页

作者： Qiang Sun Yan-Wei Fu Xiang-Yang Xue School of Statistics and Information Shanghai University of International Business and EconomicsShanghai 201620China Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Data Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Computer Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

As a Turing test in multimedia,visual question answering(VQA)aims to answer the textual question with a given ***,the“dynamic”property of neural networks has been explored as one of the most promising ways of improving the adaptability,interpretability,and capacity of the neural network ***,despite the prevalence of dynamic convolutional neural networks,it is relatively less touched and very nontrivial to exploit dynamics in the transformers of the VQA tasks through all the stages in an end-to-end ***,due to the large computation cost of transformers,researchers are inclined to only apply transformers on the extracted high-level visual features for downstream vision and language *** this end,we introduce a question-guided dynamic layer to the transformer as it can effectively increase the model capacity and require fewer transformer layers for the VQA *** particular,we name the dynamics in the Transformer as Conditional Multi-Head Self-Attention block(cMHSA).Furthermore,our questionguided cMHSA is compatible with conditional ResNeXt block(cResNeXt).Thus a novel model mixture of conditional gating blocks(McG)is proposed for VQA,which keeps the best of the Transformer,convolutional neural network(CNN),and dynamic *** pure conditional gating CNN model and the conditional gating Transformer model can be viewed as special examples of *** quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate McG on the CLEVR and VQA-Abstract *** experiments show that McG has achieved the state-of-the-art performance on these benchmark datasets.

关键词： visual question answering Transformer dynamic network

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Neural Network Modelling of Point-Defect Microcavities in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals 4

Neural Network Modelling of Point-Defect Microcavities in On...

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4th International Conference on computer science and Blockchain, CCSB 2024

作者： Liu, Yuanxiu School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Xiangtan411100 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356502

In a pioneering study, researchers have explored the optical properties of one-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities with point defects, utilizing neural networks to enhance the prediction and optimization of these properties. Leveraging the distinct photonic bandgaps of these crystals, the study highlights how introducing point defects can modulate light through localized modes, pivotal for optical control. Employing the Massachusetts Institute of technology's Photonic-Bands (MPB) software for preliminary band structure simulations, the research seamlessly integrates conventional simulation techniques with cutting-edge machine-learning strategies. A Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model was meticulously trained across diverse photonic crystal configurations to accurately predict crucial characteristics such as bandgap positions and the intensities of localized modes. Subsequent validation through MATLAB affirmed the model's precision, substantially boosting the efficiency and accuracy of optical property predictions. These findings underscore the transformative impact of integrating deep learning with photonic crystal research, heralding a new era of advanced integrated photonic devices and optical sensors. This innovative methodology not only propels forward the field of optical device engineering but also establishes a solid foundation for ongoing advancements in photonic studies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： MATLAB

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The Future of Work: Robotic Process Automation and its Role in Shaping Tomorrow’s Business Landscape

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SN computer science 2025年第2期6卷 1-19页

作者： Bhardwaj, Vivek Yadav, Shveta Kaur, Navjeet Anand, Darpan School of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur India School of Computer Science and Engineering Lovely Professional University Punjab Phagwara India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura India

In the new era of automation, Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has emerged as a powerful suite of tools for automating mundane, repetitive, rule-based, and structured tasks using software bots without disrupting existing infrastructure. Due to its significant potential, RPA has garnered considerable attention in the business world, being both easier and cheaper to implement while enhancing efficiency and productivity. This study begins by examining the characteristics of an RPA system and suitability of processes for RPA. This study delves into the role and impact of RPA in modern businesses, highlighting its transformative potential. It also explores the latest trends in RPA research, providing insights into cutting-edge developments and innovative applications. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges faced in implementing RPA and offers strategies for overcoming these obstacles, aiming to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of RPA deployments in various business contexts. Lastly, RPA software bots were developed to quickly and accurately extract data from various invoices. The results show that, when implemented correctly, an RPA system is both easy to deploy and scalable, while maintaining high accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Business processes Intelligent automation Robotic process automation (RPA) Software bots

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Synthesis of Wideband Bandpass Filter With In-Band Complex Transmission Zeros for Frequency- and Attenuation-Reconfigurable In-Band Notch

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IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 2024年第2期72卷 1162-1175页

作者： Liu, Bin Li, Kun Chi, Pei-Ling Yang, Tao University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Chengdu610054 China National Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan

A novel synthesis method for wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with two in-band conjugate complex transmission zeros is proposed for realizing frequency- and attenuation-reconfigurable in-band notch. A new characteristic function with wideband bandpass response is constructed by merging two BPFs with relatively narrow bandwidths. With the newly constructed characteristic function, complex transmission zeros will be introduced in the filter passband, facilitating the generation and control of the in-band notch. Moreover, quasi-Chebyshev filtering response (with quasi-equal ripple level) is also guaranteed in the whole passband. Based on the new characteristic function, a series of filter topologies can be derived using matrix similarity transformations. By only tuning the resonant frequencies of particular resonators, these topologies can exhibit wideband bandpass responses with frequency- and attenuation-reconfigurable in-band notch. To demonstrate the proposed techniques, one prototype of the wideband BPF using waveguide resonators is designed, simulated, and fabricated. The fabricated wideband BPF exhibits a passband frequency from 8.12 to 11.76 GHz with one transmission zero at 13.36 GHz and a reconfigurable in-band notch with frequency tuning from 9.3 to 10.4 GHz and attenuation tuning from 2 to 60 dB. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement, validating the proposed technique. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Topology

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Data quantity governance for machine learning in materials science

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National science Review 2023年第7期10卷 234-250页

作者： Yue Liu Zhengwei Yang Xinxin Zou Shuchang Ma Dahui Liu Maxim Avdeev Siqi Shi School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing System Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation School of Chemistry The University of Sydney State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Materials Genome Institute Shanghai University

Data-driven machine learning(ML) is widely employed in the analysis of materials structure-activity relationships,performance optimization and materials design due to its superior ability to reveal latent data patterns and make accurate ***,because of the laborious process of materials data acquisition,ML models encounter the issue of the mismatch between a high dimension of feature space and a small sample size(for traditional ML models) or the mismatch between model parameters and sample size(for deep-learning models),usually resulting in terrible ***,we review the efforts for tackling this issue via feature reduction,sample augmentation and specific ML approaches,and show that the balance between the number of samples and features or model parameters should attract great attention during data quantity *** this,we propose a synergistic data quantity governance flow with the incorporation of materials domain *** summarizing the approaches to incorporating materials domain knowledge into the process of ML,we provide examples of incorporating domain knowledge into governance schemes to demonstrate the advantages of the approach and *** work paves the way for obtaining the required high-quality data to accelerate materials design and discovery based on ML.

关键词： machine learning data governance data quantity materials science

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T-SNVAE: Deep probabilistic learning with local and global structure for industrial process monitoring

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第6期6卷 1603-1613页

作者： Huang, Jian Liu, Zizhuo Yang, Xu Liu, Yupeng Lv, Zhaomin Peng, Kaixiang Ersoy, Okan K. University of Science and Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes of Ministry of Education School of Automation and Electrical Engineering China University of Science and Technology Beijing Shunde Innovation School Foshan China Shanghai University of Engineering Science School of Urban Railway Transportation China Purdue University Electrical and Computer Engineering West Lafayette United States

Variational autoencoder is a generative deep learning model with a probabilistic structure, which makes it tolerant to process uncertainties and more suitable for process monitoring. However, the probabilistic model may disrupt the topological structure of data and lead to the loss of neighborhood information. To address this issue, a process monitoring approach based on t-distributed stochastic neighbor variational autoencoder (t- SNVAE) is proposed to capture probabilistic features that elucidate both local and global structures within the raw data. Specifically, the distances between neighboring data points are transformed into joint probabilities by using t-SN Embedding. Through minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence of joint probabilities between the original data and the reconstructed data, variational autoencoder learns Gaussian features containing both local and global neighborhood information. Finally, monitoring statistics are constructed for monitoring. The efficiency of the proposed approach is verified on a multiphase flow facility and a waste-water treatment process. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Embeddings

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