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A Recommendation Algorithm Trading off Performance and Privacy Protection

Hsi-An Chiao Tung Ta Hsueh/Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong university 2021年第7期55卷 117-123页

作者： Ma, Dailusi Zhu, Haiping Tian, Feng Feng, Pei Chen, Yan Ji, Xiangting Li, Yujie Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Satellite and Terrestrial Network Tech. R&D Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Co. Ltd. Beijing100085 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing210094 China

Aiming at the problem of privacy protection in recommender systems, a balanced optimization model between privacy protection parameters and recommendation accuracy is proposed. Taking online learning resource recommender system as an example, this paper builds a matrix factorization model and studies the relationship between privacy protection parameters and recommendation accuracy after introducing differential privacy noise into data input module and model training module. According to the implicit feedback characteristics of online learning resource recommender system data, a negative sampling algorithm by resource-popularity is proposed. The experiment is based on the original and balanced data from the Network College of Xi'an Jiaotong university using Baidu PaddlePaddle platform, and the root mean square error is used as an evaluation index to measure the recommendation accuracy. The results show that negative sampling makes higher prediction accuracy than the original. And the recommendation prediction accuracy is directly proportional to the reciprocal of differential privacy protection parameter. When RMSEs are less than 2.0 and 1.3 and the privacy protection parameter is 7 and 3, respectively, both the input-based algorithm and the model-based algorithm achieve best balance. Moreover, when the privacy protection parameter is no more than 5, the model-based algorithm has a higher recommendation accuracy than the input-based algorithm. © 2021, Editorial Office of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong university. All right reserved.

关键词： Recommender systems

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Waste to Treasure: Electrocatalytic Upcycling of N-Valeraldehyde to Octane by Zn-Co Bimetallic Oxide with Atomic Level Cation Defect

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Qin, Meichun Wang, Mingyuan Lei, Shuangying Liu, Chaolong Tang, Jianguo Institute of Hybrid Materials National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology National Base of International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation on Hybrid Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao266071 China SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education School of Electrical Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China

Bimetallic oxides have been considered as potential catalysts for electrocatalytic n-valeraldehyde oxidation reaction, which is a saving and eco-friendly tactic to control n-valeraldehyde contamination and highly valuable octane production. However, the reactivity and selectivity of bimetallic oxides needs to be further improved. Cationic defect engineering is a well-established strategy, while the construction of cationic defects is always accompanied by the generation of oxygen vacancies. Herein, to eliminate the influence of oxygen vacancies, Zn vacancies were created across the Zn-Co bimetallic oxides (dx-ZnCo2O4) by post-etching and oxygen vacancy filling methods. Atomic level Zn cation defect in dx-ZnCo2O4 was identified by systematic characterizations. Electrochemical experiments results showed that dx-ZnCo2O4 owned a much higher octane yield (1193.4 µmol g−1 h−1) and octane selectivity (octane/butene ≈10). Theoretical calculations demonstrated that the introduction of atomic level Zn vacancies in Zn-Co bimetallic oxide changed the electronic distribution around O, Co and Zn atoms, resulted in an alteration in n-valeraldehyde adsorption sites from Co to Zn, reduced the formation barrier of key intermediate *C4H9 and facilitated the transfer of n-valeraldehyde to octane. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cobalt compounds

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Crystal Structure Prediction by Joint Equivariant Diffusion

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Jiao, Rui Huang, Wenbing Lin, Peijia Han, Jiaqi Chen, Pin Lu, Yutong Liu, Yang Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Tech. Institute for AI Tsinghua University China Institute for AIR Tsinghua University China Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods Beijing China National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China Stanford University United States

Crystal Structure Prediction (CSP) is crucial in various scientific disciplines. While CSP can be addressed by employing currently-prevailing generative models (e.g. diffusion models), this task encounters unique challenges owing to the symmetric geometry of crystal structures—the invariance of translation, rotation, and periodicity. To incorporate the above symmetries, this paper proposes DiffCSP, a novel diffusion model to learn the structure distribution from stable crystals. To be specific, DiffCSP jointly generates the lattice and atom coordinates for each crystal by employing a periodic-E(3)-equivariant denoising model, to better model the crystal geometry. Notably, different from related equivariant generative approaches, DiffCSP leverages fractional coordinates other than Cartesian coordinates to represent crystals, remarkably promoting the diffusion and the generation process of atom positions. Extensive experiments verify that our DiffCSP significantly outperforms existing CSP methods, with a much lower computation cost in contrast to DFT-based methods. Moreover, the superiority of DiffCSP is also observed when it is extended for ab initio crystal generation. Code is available at https://***/jiaor17/DiffCSP. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Geometry

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Crack Catcher AI — Enabling Smart Fracture Mechanics Approach for Damage Control in Thin Silicon Wafers for 3D Semiconductor Integrated Devices/Packages

Crack Catcher AI — Enabling Smart Fracture Mechanics Approa...

引用

Annual International Symposium on Reliability Physics

作者： Gabriel Preston Greer Gonzolez Andrea S. Karnyoto Fitya S. Mozar Matthew M. Henry Mahmud Isnan Kuncahyo S. Nugroho Henry Candra Muhamad Doris Dianing N. N. Putri Tyas K Sari Bens Pardamean Endang Djuana Derrric Speaks Arief S. Budiman Oregon Renewable Energy Center (OREC) Oregon Institute of Technology (Oregon Tech) Klamath Falls OR USA Dept. of Manufacturing & Mechanical Eng. & Tech. (MMET) Oregon Institute of Technology Klamath Falls OR USA Bioinformatics & Data Science Research Center (BDSRC) Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Sci. Dept. BINUS Grad. Program - Master of Computer Sci. Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Center for Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Technology (CAPTIVATE) Universitas TRISAKTI Jakarta Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas TRISAKTI Jakarta Indonesia Industrial Eng. Dept. BINUS Grad. Program – Master of Industrial Eng. Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798331504779

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504786

The importance of silicon cannot be undermined - in photovoltaics (PV) as well as in semiconductor industries. However, silicon is very brittle. Silicon cells/wafers crack easily during manufacturing assembly and/or during device operations. Crack Catcher AI uses novel smart fracture mechanics approach with Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies to predict and control crack/damage evolution in thin silicon cells/wafers. This is critical as semiconductor 3D integration tech.ology calls for wafer-to-wafer bonding with utmost alignment accuracy and yield/reliability.

关键词： Semiconductor device measurement Three-dimensional displays Accuracy Semiconductor device reliability Silicon Artificial intelligence Bonding Stress Three-dimensional integrated circuits Stress measurement

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Text-to-Image Diffusion Models can be Easily Backdoored through Multimodal Data Poisoning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhai, Shengfang Dong, Yinpeng Shen, Qingni Pu, Shi Fang, Yuejian Su, Hang School of Software and Microelectronics Peking University China Department of Computer Science & Technology Tsinghua University China ShengShu Beijing China School of Software and Microelectronics National Engineering Research Center for Software Engineering PKU-OCTA Laboratory for Blockchain and Privacy Computing Peking University Beijing100871 China Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Tech. Institute for AI Tsinghua-Bosch Joint ML Center THBI Lab BNRist Center Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

With the help of conditioning mechanisms, the state-of-the-art diffusion models have achieved tremendous success in guided image generation, particularly in text-to-image synthesis. To gain a better understanding of the training process and potential risks of text-to-image synthesis, we perform a systematic investigation of backdoor attack on text-to-image diffusion models and propose BadT2I, a general multimodal backdoor attack framework that tampers with image synthesis in diverse semantic levels. Specifically, we perform backdoor attacks on three levels of the vision semantics: Pixel-Backdoor, Object-Backdoor and Style-Backdoor. By utilizing a regularization loss, our methods efficiently inject backdoors into a large-scale text-to-image diffusion model while preserving its utility with benign inputs. We conduct empirical experiments on Stable Diffusion, the widely-used text-to-image diffusion model, demonstrating that the large-scale diffusion model can be easily backdoored within a few fine-tuning steps. We conduct additional experiments to explore the impact of different types of textual triggers, as well as the backdoor persistence during further training, providing insights for the development of backdoor defense methods. Besides, our investigation may contribute to the copyright protection of text-to-image models in the future. Our Code: https://***/sf-zhai/BadT2I. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Increment adaptive correlation filter for visual tracking 11

Increment adaptive correlation filter for visual tracking

引用

11th International Symposium on Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition: Pattern Recognition and computer Vision, MIPPR 2019

作者： Chen, Gang Fang, Zhiwen Yue, Zhou Liu, Bo Xiao, Yang Li, Yanan Department of Information Hunan University of Humanities Science and Technology Loudi Hunan China Department of Energy and Electromechanical Engineering Hunan University of Humanities Science and Technology Loudi Hunan China School of Biomedical Engineering Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China National Key Lab of Sci. and Tech. on Multispectral Information Processing School of Automation Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Tech. Wuhan Hubei China School of Computer Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan Hubei China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510636378

Currently, the correlation filter is widely used in visual tracking because of its effectiveness and efficiency. To adapt the representation to changing target appearances, a linear interpolation is used to update tracking models according to a manually designed learning rate. However, The limitation of manually tricks make methods only apply to some special scenes because the threshold parameters are sensitive to different response maps in complex scenes. In this paper, to overcome this problem, an adaptive increment correlation filter based tracker is proposed. Different from traditional linear interpolation depending on a manual learning rate, the increment is learned by linear regression based on the history tracking model and the current training samples. Experimentally, we show that our algorithm can outperform state-of-the-art key point-based trackers. © SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Adaptive filtering

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Understanding the Robustness of 3D Object Detection with Bird'View Representations in Autonomous Driving

Understanding the Robustness of 3D Object Detection with Bir...

引用

Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Zijian Zhu Yichi Zhang Hai Chen Yinpeng Dong Shu Zhao Wenbo Ding Jiachen Zhong Shibao Zheng Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Tech. THBI Lab Institute for AI Tsinghua University BNRist Center Zhongguancun Laboratory Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University SAIC Motor AI Lab

3D object detection is an essential perception task in autonomous driving to understand the environments. The Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) representations have significantly improved the performance of 3D detectors with camera inputs on popular benchmarks. However, there still lacks a systematic understanding of the robustness of these vision-dependent BEV models, which is closely related to the safety of autonomous driving systems. In this paper, we evaluate the natural and adversarial robustness of various representative models under extensive settings, to fully understand their behaviors influenced by explicit BEV features compared with those without BEV. In addition to the classic settings, we propose a 3D consistent patch attack by applying adversarial patches in the 3D space to guarantee the spatiotemporal consistency, which is more realistic for the scenario of autonomous driving. With substantial experiments, we draw several findings: 1) BEV models tend to be more stable than previous methods under different natural conditions and common corruptions due to the expressive spatial representations; 2) BEV models are more vulnerable to adversarial noises, mainly caused by the redundant BEV features; 3) Camera-LiDARfusion models have superior performance under different settings with multi-modal inputs, but BEV fusion model is still vulnerable to adversarial noises of both point cloud and image. These findings alert the safety issue in the applications of BEV detectors and could facilitate the development of more robust models.

关键词：

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Understanding the Robustness of 3D Object Detection with Bird’s-Eye-View Representations in Autonomous Driving

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhu, Zijian Zhang, Yichi Chen, Hai Dong, Yinpeng Zhao, Shu Ding, Wenbo Zhong, Jiachen Zheng, Shibao Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Tech. Institute for AI THBI Lab BNRist Center Tsinghua University China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province China SAIC Motor AI Lab China Zhongguancun Laboratory China

3D object detection is an essential perception task in autonomous driving to understand the environments. The Bird’s-Eye-View (BEV) representations have significantly improved the performance of 3D detectors with camera inputs on popular benchmarks. However, there still lacks a systematic understanding of the robustness of these vision-dependent BEV models, which is closely related to the safety of autonomous driving systems. In this paper, we evaluate the natural and adversarial robustness of various representative models under extensive settings, to fully understand their behaviors influenced by explicit BEV features compared with those without BEV. In addition to the classic settings, we propose a 3D consistent patch attack by applying adversarial patches in the 3D space to guarantee the spatiotemporal consistency, which is more realistic for the scenario of autonomous driving. With substantial experiments, we draw several findings: 1) BEV models tend to be more stable than previous methods under different natural conditions and common corruptions due to the expressive spatial representations;2) BEV models are more vulnerable to adversarial noises, mainly caused by the redundant BEV features;3) Camera-LiDAR fusion models have superior performance under different settings with multi-modal inputs, but BEV fusion model is still vulnerable to adversarial noises of both point cloud and image. These findings alert the safety issue in the applications of BEV detectors and could facilitate the development of more robust models. Code available at https: //***/zzj403/BEV_Robust. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Birds

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FBAR Magnetic Sensor Composed of CMOS Compatible Materials

FBAR Magnetic Sensor Composed of CMOS Compatible Materials

引用

IEEE Electron Devices tech.ology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM)

作者： Xiaofan Yun Wenkui Lin Xiaoyi Wang Zhongming Zeng Xinping Zhang Baoshun Zhang Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics CAS China School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Univ. of Sci. and Tech. of China China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation Technology and Application Guilin University of Electronic Technology China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China

MEMS magnetic sensor has become one of the important research directions. CMOS compatible materials and MEMS tech.ology were used to fabricate FBAR-based magnetic sensor. The sensor composed of the Mo/AlN/Ni acoustic layer stack exhibited a frequency shift of 1.04 MHz (0.042%), which resulted in a DC bias magnetic field sensitivity of 3.068±0.016 kHz / Oe and an effective detection range of -4000e~4000e. The sensor showed a temperature frequency drift coefficient of -62ppm/K.

关键词： Temperature sensors Micromechanical devices Temperature distribution Sensitivity Magnetic sensors Magnetoacoustic effects Nickel

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A Comprehensive Evaluation of Android ICC Resolution tech.iques

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Yan, Jiwei Zhang, Shixin Liu, Yepang Deng, Xi Yan, Jun Zhang, Jian Tech. Center of Software Engineering Institute of Software CAS China Univ. of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Software Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Dept. of Computer Science and Engr. Southern University of Sci. and Tech Shenzhen China State Key Lab. of Computer Science Institute of Software CAS China

Inter-component communication (ICC) is a widely used mechanism in mobile apps, which enables message-based control flow transferring and data passing between Android components. Effective ICC resolution requires precisely identifying entry points, analyzing data values of ICC fields, modeling related framework APIs, etc. Due to various control-flow- and data-flow-related characteristics involved and the lack of oracles for real-world apps, the comprehensive evaluation of ICC resolution tech.iques is challenging. To fill this gap, we collect multiple-type benchmark suites with 4,104 apps, covering hand-made apps, open-source, and commercial ones. Considering their differences, various evaluation metrics, e.g., number count, graph structure, and reliable oracle based metrics, are adopted on-demand. As the oracle for real-world apps is unavailable, we design a dynamic analysis approach to extract the real ICC links triggered during GUI exploration. By auditing the code implementations, we carefully check the extracted ICCs and confirm 1,680 ones to form a reliable oracle set, in which each ICC is labeled with 25 code characteristic tags. The evaluation performed on six state-of-the-art ICC resolution tools shows that 1) the completeness of static ICC resolution results on real-world apps is not satisfactory, as up to 38%-85% ICCs are missed by tools;2) many wrongly reported ICCs are sent from or received by only a few components and the graph structure information can help the identification;3) the efficiency of fundamental tools, like ICC resolution ones, should be optimized in both engineering and research aspects. By investigating both the missed and wrongly reported ICCs, we discuss the strengths of different tools for users and summarize eight common FN/FP patterns in ICC resolution for tool developers. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Graphic methods

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