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Drug-Target Interactions Prediction Based on Signed Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 231-244页

作者： Ming CHEN Yajian JIANG Xiujuan LEI Yi PAN Chunyan JI Wei JIANG College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal University School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Computer Science Department BNU-HKBU United International College

Drug-target interactions(DTIs) prediction plays an important role in the process of drug *** computational methods treat it as a binary prediction problem, determining whether there are connections between drugs and targets while ignoring relational types information. Considering the positive or negative effects of DTIs will facilitate the study on comprehensive mechanisms of multiple drugs on a common target, in this work, we model DTIs on signed heterogeneous networks, through categorizing interaction patterns of DTIs and additionally extracting interactions within drug pairs and target protein pairs. We propose signed heterogeneous graph neural networks(SHGNNs), further put forward an end-to-end framework for signed DTIs prediction, called SHGNN-DTI,which not only adapts to signed bipartite networks, but also could naturally incorporate auxiliary information from drug-drug interactions(DDIs) and protein-protein interactions(PPIs). For the framework, we solve the message passing and aggregation problem on signed DTI networks, and consider different training modes on the whole networks consisting of DTIs, DDIs and PPIs. Experiments are conducted on two datasets extracted from Drug Bank and related databases, under different settings of initial inputs, embedding dimensions and training modes. The prediction results show excellent performance in terms of metric indicators, and the feasibility is further verified by the case study with two drugs on breast cancer.

关键词： Drug-target interactions Signed heterogeneous network Link sign prediction Graph neural networks

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2P3FL:A Novel Approach for Privacy Preserving in Financial Sectors Using Flower Federated Learning

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第8期140卷 2035-2051页

作者： Sandeep Dasari Rajesh Kaluri School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

The increasing data pool in finance sectors forces machine learning(ML)to step into new *** data has significant financial implications and is *** users data from several organizations for various banking services may result in various intrusions and privacy *** a result,this study employs federated learning(FL)using a flower paradigm to preserve each organization’s privacy while collaborating to build a robust shared global ***,diverse data distributions in the collaborative training process might result in inadequate model learning and a lack of *** address this issue,the present paper proposes the imple-mentation of Federated Averaging(FedAvg)and Federated Proximal(FedProx)methods in the flower framework,which take advantage of the data locality while training and guaranteeing global *** improves the privacy of the local *** analysis used the credit card and Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection Evaluation(CICIDS)***,recall,and accuracy as performance indicators to show the efficacy of the proposed strategy using FedAvg and *** experimental findings suggest that the proposed approach helps to safely use banking data from diverse sources to enhance customer banking services by obtaining accuracy of 99.55%and 83.72%for FedAvg and 99.57%,and 84.63%for FedProx.

关键词： Federated learning FedAvg FedProx flower framework privacy preservation financial sectors

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Analysis of IoT Applications in Highly Precise Agriculture Farming

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Recent Patents on engineering 2025年第2期19卷 71-81页

作者： Reddy N, Latha Masila P, Gopinath School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamilnadu Vellore632014 India

Background: The IoT (Internet of Things) assigns to the capacity of Device-to-Machine (D2M) connections, which is a vital component in the development of the digital economy. IoT integration with a human being enables real-time decision-making in communication, collaboration, and technology analytics. Furthermore, environmental factors impacting plants, such as air humidity, temperature, air quality index, and soil wetness, are not frequently documented, emphasizing the development of a data monitoring system for future agricultural research and development. Methods: An IoT-based Intelligent Farming System is proposed. An innovative IoT-based intelligent farming system is developed that integrates real-time data monitoring, machine learning algorithms, and IoT technology to address the identified gaps and challenges. Results: In the face of climate change, extreme weather, and environmental constraints, increased food demand must be satisfied. Intelligent agriculture enabled by IoT technology can reduce waste and increase productivity for producers and farmers, from fertilizer use to tractor trips. Conclusion: In conclusion, this patent paper provides insightful and informative commentary on the progress made in technology within the agriculture industry and the challenges that still need to be overcome to achieve optimal outcomes. © 2025 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： IoT agriculture soil quality weather conditions machine learning environmental constraints

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Nonlinear Filtering With Sample-Based Approximation Under Constrained Communication:Progress, Insights and Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1539-1556页

作者： Weihao Song Zidong Wang Zhongkui Li Jianan Wang Qing-Long Han IEEE the State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Department of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceCollege of Engineering Peking University the Department of Computer Science Brunel University London the School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology the School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology

The nonlinear filtering problem has enduringly been an active research topic in both academia and industry due to its ever-growing theoretical importance and practical *** main objective of nonlinear filtering is to infer the states of a nonlinear dynamical system of interest based on the available noisy measurements. In recent years, the advance of network communication technology has not only popularized the networked systems with apparent advantages in terms of installation,cost and maintenance, but also brought about a series of challenges to the design of nonlinear filtering algorithms, among which the communication constraint has been recognized as a dominating concern. In this context, a great number of investigations have been launched towards the networked nonlinear filtering problem with communication constraints, and many samplebased nonlinear filters have been developed to deal with the highly nonlinear and/or non-Gaussian scenarios. The aim of this paper is to provide a timely survey about the recent advances on the sample-based networked nonlinear filtering problem from the perspective of communication constraints. More specifically, we first review three important families of sample-based filtering methods known as the unscented Kalman filter, particle filter,and maximum correntropy filter. Then, the latest developments are surveyed with stress on the topics regarding incomplete/imperfect information, limited resources and cyber ***, several challenges and open problems are highlighted to shed some lights on the possible trends of future research in this realm.

关键词： Communication constraints maximum correntropy filter networked nonlinear filtering particle filter sample-based approximation unscented Kalman filter

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How graph convolutions amplify popularity bias for recommendation?

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第5期18卷 121-132页

作者： Jiajia CHEN Jiancan WU Jiawei CHEN Xin XIN Yong LI Xiangnan HE School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 250100China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Graphconvolutional networks(GCNs)have become prevalent in recommender system(RS)due to their superiority in modeling collaborative *** improving the overall accuracy,GCNs unfortunately amplify popularity bias-tail items are less likely to be *** effect prevents the GCN-based RS from making precise and fair recommendations,decreasing the effectiveness of recommender systems in the long *** this paper,we investigate how graph convolutions amplify the popularity bias in *** theoretical analyses,we identify two fundamental factors:(1)with graph convolution(i.e.,neighborhood aggregation),popular items exert larger influence than tail items on neighbor users,making the users move towards popular items in the representation space;(2)after multiple times of graph convolution,popular items would affect more high-order neighbors and become more *** two points make popular items get closer to almost users and thus being recommended more *** rectify this,we propose to estimate the amplified effect of popular nodes on each node's representation,and intervene the effect after each graph ***,we adopt clustering to discover highly-influential nodes and estimate the amplification effect of each node,then remove the effect from the node embeddings at each graph convolution *** method is simple and generic-it can be used in the inference stage to correct existing models rather than training a new model from scratch,and can be applied to various GCN *** demonstrate our method on two representative GCN backbones LightGCN and UltraGCN,verifying its ability in improving the recommendations of tail items without sacrificing the performance of popular *** are open-sourced^(1)).

关键词： recommendation graph convolution networks popularity bias

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Road Surface Analysis through Machine Learning Techniques

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2024年第4期13卷 344-353页

作者： Singh, Prabhat Sharma, Shilpi Kamal, Ahmed E. Kumar, Sunil Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amity School of Engineering & Technology Uttar Pradesh Noida India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State University Ames United States Computer Science and Engineering Amity School of Engineering & Technology Uttar Pradesh Noida India

Roads are an important part of transporting goods and products from one place to another. In developing countries, the main challenge is to maintain road conditions regularly. Roads can deteriorate from time to time. Monitoring the conditions of the roads, which may degrade with time, is very difficult, resulting in a delay in transportation and damage to the vehicles moving on the roads. Poor road conditions cause road accidents. A model is being proposed to monitor the conditions of the road surface by smartphone sensors. Accelerometer, gyroscope, and GPS sensors are deployed in the mobile phones, which will help to collect data on the road conditions. After collecting the data about the road conditions, various machine learning approaches, such as supervised, multi-layered, and multiclass, are applied to data filtration. Road conditions are divided into three categories to achieve this methodology: potholes, deep traverse cracks, and smooth roads. This categorization helped in analyzing the road surface condition through smartphone sensors over all three axes instead of taking it over a single axis. Neural networks helped analyze data or road conditions more accurately than Decision Tree and SVM. Copyrights © 2024 The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers.

关键词： Decision trees

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IoT based Predictive Modeling Techniques for Cancer Detection in Healthcare Systems

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Recent Patents on engineering 2025年第2期19卷 82-94页

作者： Ramya, T. Gopinath, M.P. School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India

Background: The main objective of the Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly influenced and altered technology, such as interconnection, interoperability, and sensor devices. To ensure seamless healthcare facilities, it's essential to use the benefits of ubiquitous IoT services to assist patients by monitoring vital signs and automating functions. In healthcare, the current state-of-the-art equipment cannot detect many cancers early, and almost all humans have lost their lives due to this lethal sickness. Hence, early diagnosis of cancer is a significant difficulty for medical experts and researchers. Methods: The method for identifying cancer, together with machine learning and IoT, yield reliable results. In the Proposed model FCM system, the SVM methodology is reviewed to classify either benign or malignant disease. In addition, we applied a recursive feature selection to identify characteristics from the cancer dataset to boost the classifier system's capabilities. Results: This method is being applied in conjunction with fuzzy cluster-based augmentation, and classification can employ continuous monitoring to forecast lung cancer to improve patient care. In the process of effective image segmentation, the fuzzy-clustering methodology is implemented, which is used for the goal of obtaining transition region data. Conclusion: The Otsu thresholding method is applied to help recover the transition region from a lung cancer image. Furthermore, morphological thinning on the right edge and the segmentation-improving pictures are employed to increase segmentation performance. In future work, we intend to design a prototype to ensure real-time analysis to provide enhanced results. Thus, this work may open doors to carry patent-based outcomes. © 2025 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Malware Evasion Attacks Against IoT and Other Devices: An Empirical Study

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Tsinghua science and technology 2024年第1期29卷 127-142页

作者： Yan Xu Deqiang Li Qianmu Li Shouhuai Xu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCO 80918USA

The Internet of Things(loT)has grown rapidly due to artificial intelligence driven edge *** enabling many new functions,edge computing devices expand the vulnerability surface and have become the target of malware ***,attackers have used advanced techniques to evade defenses by transforming their malware into functionality-preserving *** systematically analyze such evasion attacks and conduct a large-scale empirical study in this paper to evaluate their impact on *** specifically,we focus on two forms of evasion attacks:obfuscation and adversarial *** the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first to investigate and contrast the two families of evasion attacks *** apply 10 obfuscation attacks and 9 adversarial attacks to 2870 malware *** obtained findings are as follows.(1)Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)malware detectors are vulnerable to evasion attacks.(2)Adversarial attacks affect COTS malware detectors slightly more effectively than obfuscated malware examples.(3)Code similarity detection approaches can be affected by obfuscated examples and are barely affected by adversarial attacks.(4)These attacks can preserve the functionality of original malware examples.

关键词： Android malware obfuscation adversarial examples

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Supportive particle swarm optimization with time-conscious scheduling (SPSO-TCS) algorithm in cloud computing for optimized load balancing

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International Journal of Cognitive Computing in engineering 2024年第1期5卷 192-198页

作者： Menaka, M. Sendhil Kumar, K.S. School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore632014 India

Task scheduling for virtual machines (VMs) has shown to be essential for the effective development of cloud computing at the lowest cost and fastest turnaround time. A number of research gaps about job schedule optimization are included in the current paper. A thorough analysis of the data generated by this activity is essential to resolving the resource allocation mechanism of the cloud architecture. To fully utilize virtual machines with a similar weight distribution, a strategy-oriented mixed support and load balancing structure has been developed in this work. To minimize make-span time and accomplish initial load balancing, the SPSO-TCS technique combines Time-Conscious Scheduling with Supportive Particle Swarm Optimization. Finding the optimal make span time minimization for each virtual environment is the aim of this stage. Its main objective is to discover the sequence of activities with the least computation time and to reduce the time required to finish each operation. Utilizing the hybrid idea leads to a decrease in makespan and the use of the least amount of energy. © 2024

关键词： Virtual machine

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A Study of Federated Learning with Internet of Things for Data Privacy and Security using Privacy Preserving Techniques

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Recent Patents on engineering 2024年第1期18卷 1-17页

作者： Shakeer, Shaik Mahamad Rajasekhara Babu, M. School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamilnadu Vellore India

To address the privacy concerns that arise from centralizing model training on a large number of IoT devices, a revolutionary new distributed learning framework called federated learning has been developed. This setup of devices works together to train models without compromising the security of individual data streams. To solve machine learning problems, a federated learning architecture relies on many clients working together through a central aggregator. To protect each device's privacy, we only access the training data at random. Because of its focus on decentralized processing and model transmission, federated learning considerably reduces systemic privacy risks and costs in comparison to conventional centralized machine learning systems. All client data is encrypted before being stored in a local database. Each user's device collects data locally for training during a federated learning session, and then uploads the final model to a centralized server. To provide a comprehensive assessment and inspire more research, this paper explores into the inner workings of federated learning from five different vantage points: data partitioning, privacy approaches, machine learning models, communication architectures, and system heterogeneity. Then, suggestions for further research are given, and a list is compiled of the most recent problems in federated learning. We conclude with an examination of the present applications of federated Learning knowledge. © 2024 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Privacy-preserving techniques

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