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An IoMT-based Federated Learning Survey in Smart Transportation

Recent Advances in computer science and Communications 2024年第4期17卷 20-39页

作者： Karnam, Geetha Vani Maddikunta, Praveen Kumar Reddy School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore632014 India

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is a technology that encompasses medical devices, wearable sensors, and applications connected to the Internet. In road accidents, it plays a crucial role in enhancing emergency response and reducing the impact of accidents on victims. Smart Transportation uses this technology to improve the efficiency and safety of transportation systems. The current Artificial Intelligence applications lack transparency and interpretability which is of utmost importance in critical transportation scenarios, such as autonomous vehicles, air traffic control systems, and traffic management systems. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) provides a clear, transparent explanation and actions. Traditional Machine Learning techniques have enabled Intelligent Transportation systems by performing centralized vehicular data training at the server where data sharing is needed, thus introducing privacy issues. To reduce transmission overhead and achieve privacy, a collaborative and distributed machine learning approach called Federated Learning (FL) is used. Here only model updates are transmitted instead of the entire dataset. This paper provides a comprehensive survey on the prediction of traffic using Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and FL. Among these, FL can predict traffic accurately without compromising privacy. We first present the overview of XAI and FL in the introduction. Then, we discuss the basic concepts of FL and its related work, the FL-IoMT framework, and motivations for using FL in transportation. Subsequently, we discuss the applications of using FL in transportation and open-source projects. Finally, we highlight several research challenges and their possible directions in FL. © 2024 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Intelligent systems

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A novel ensemble ARIMA-LSTM approach for evaluating COVID-19 cases and future outbreak preparedness

Health Care Science

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Health Care science 2024年第6期3卷 409-425页

作者： Somit Jain Shobhit Agrawal Eshaan Mohapatra Kathiravan Srinivasan School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreIndia

Background:The global impact of the highly contagious COVID-19 virus has created unprecedented challenges,significantly impacting public health and economies *** research article conducts a time series analysis of COVID-19 data across various countries,including India,Brazil,Russia,and the United States,with a particular emphasis on total confirmed ***:The proposed approach combines auto-regressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)'s ability to capture linear trends and seasonality with long short-term memory(LSTM)networks,which are designed to learn complex nonlinear dependencies in the *** hybrid approach surpasses both individual models and existing ARIMA-artificial neural network(ANN)hybrids,which often struggle with highly nonlinear time series like COVID-19 *** integrating ARIMA and LSTM,the model aims to achieve superior forecasting accuracy compared to baseline models,including ARIMA,Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU),LSTM,and ***:The hybrid ARIMA-LSTM model outperformed the benchmark models,achieving a mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)score of 2.4%.Among the benchmark models,GRU performed the best with a MAPE score of 2.9%,followed by LSTM with a score of 3.6%.Conclusions:The proposed ARIMA-LSTM hybrid model outperforms ARIMA,GRU,LSTM,Prophet,and the ARIMA-ANN hybrid model when evaluating using metrics like MAPE,symmetric mean absolute percentage error,and median absolute percentage error across all countries *** findings have the potential to significantly improve preparedness and response efforts by public health authorities,allowing for more efficient resource allocation and targeted interventions.

关键词： COVID-19 time series ARIMA LSTM GRU prophet ANN proposed model

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Attenuate Class Imbalance Problem for Pneumonia Diagnosis Using Ensemble Parallel Stacked Pre-Trained Models

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 891-909页

作者： Aswathy Ravikumar Harini Sriraman School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India

Pneumonia is an acute lung infection that has caused many fatalitiesglobally. Radiologists often employ chest X-rays to identify pneumoniasince they are presently the most effective imaging method for this ***-aided diagnosis of pneumonia using deep learning techniques iswidely used due to its effectiveness and performance. In the proposed method,the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) approach is usedto eliminate the class imbalance in the X-ray dataset. To compensate forthe paucity of accessible data, pre-trained transfer learning is used, and anensemble Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model is developed. Theensemble model consists of all possible combinations of the MobileNetv2,Visual Geometry Group (VGG16), and DenseNet169 models. MobileNetV2and DenseNet169 performed well in the Single classifier model, with anaccuracy of 94%, while the ensemble model (MobileNetV2+DenseNet169)achieved an accuracy of 96.9%. Using the data synchronous parallel modelin Distributed Tensorflow, the training process accelerated performance by98.6% and outperformed other conventional approaches.

关键词： Pneumonia prediction distributed deep learning data parallel model ensemble deep learning class imbalance skewed data

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Efficient Gait Analysis Using Deep Learning Techniques

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6229-6249页

作者： K.M.Monica R.Parvathi School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600117India

Human Activity Recognition(HAR)has always been a difficult task to *** is mainly used in security surveillance,human-computer interaction,and health care as an assistive or diagnostic technology in combination with other technologies such as the Internet of Things(IoT).Human Activity Recognition data can be recorded with the help of sensors,images,or *** daily routine-based human activities such as walking,standing,sitting,etc.,could be a difficult statistical task to classify into categories and hence 2-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network(2D CNN)MODEL,Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)Model,Bidirectional long short-term memory(Bi-LSTM)are used for the *** has been demonstrated that recognizing the daily routine-based on human activities can be extremely accurate,with almost all activities accurately getting recognized over 90%of the ***,because all the examples are generated from only 20 s of data,these actions can be recognised *** from classification,the work extended to verify and investigate the need for wearable sensing devices in individually walking patients with Cerebral Palsy(CP)for the evaluation of chosen Spatio-temporal features based on 3D foot ***-control research was conducted with 35 persons with CP ranging in weight from 25 to 65 *** Motion Capture(OMC)equipment was used as the referral method to assess the functionality and quality of the foot-worn *** average accuracy±precision for stride length,cadence,and step length was 3.5±4.3,4.1±3.8,and 0.6±2.7 cm *** cadence,stride length,swing,and step length,people with CP had considerably high inter-stride ***-worn sensing devices made it easier to examine Gait Spatio-temporal data even without a laboratory set up with high accuracy and precision about gait abnormalities in people who have CP during linear walking.

关键词： Human activity recognition neural networks gait analysis wearable sensors kinetic analysis cerebral palsy

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Modified MMS: Minimization Approach for Model Subset Selection

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 733-756页

作者： C.Rajathi P.Rukmani School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India

Considering the recent developments in the digital environment,ensuring a higher level of security for networking systems is *** security approaches are being constantly developed to protect against evolving *** ensemble model for the intrusion classification system yielded promising results based on the knowledge of many prior *** research work aimed to create a more diverse and effective ensemble *** this end,selected six classification models,Logistic Regression(LR),Naive Bayes(NB),K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN),Decision Tree(DT),Support Vector Machine(SVM),and Random Forest(RF)from existing study to run as independent *** the individual models were trained,a Correlation-Based Diversity Matrix(CDM)was created by determining their *** models for the ensemble were chosen by the proposed Modified Minimization Approach for Model Subset Selection(Modified-MMS)from Lower triangular-CDM(L-CDM)as *** proposed algorithm performance was assessed using the Network Security Laboratory—Knowledge Discovery in Databases(NSL-KDD)dataset,and several performance metrics,including accuracy,precision,recall,and *** selecting a diverse set of models,the proposed system enhances the performance of an ensemble by reducing overfitting and increasing prediction *** proposed work achieved an impressive accuracy of 99.26%,using only two classification models in an ensemble,which surpasses the performance of a larger ensemble that employs six classification models.

关键词： Ensemble learning intrusion detection minimization model diversity

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Optimized Neural Network for Automated Cardiovascular Disease Classification: Meta-heuristic Enabled Model

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SN computer science 2025年第1期6卷 1-14页

作者： Kusuma, S. Jothi, K.R. Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Data Science) Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Madanapalle India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

Cardiovascular disease remains a major issue for mortality and morbidity, making accurate classification crucial. This paper introduces a novel heart disease classification model utilizing Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The model consists of two main steps: feature extraction using a refined Lion Algorithm with New Mutated evaluation (LA-NM) and classification through an ensemble approach combined with a Neural Network (NN). The proposed model significantly outperforms traditional classifiers. At 80% training data, it achieves accuracy improvements of 8.4% to 3.11% over Neural Network (NN), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and ensemble models. At 90% training data, it shows precision improvements ranging from 1.03% to 0.31% better than the comparison models and specificity improvements ranging from 13.92% to 0.52%. These results underscore the effectiveness of the model and suggest its potential for further development in personalized treatment recommendations based on patient history. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Ensemble models Feature extraction Heart disease classification Neural network Optimization

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An intrusion attack classification using bio-inspired optimization technique and ensemble learning model for edge computing environments

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-28页

作者： Rahamathulla, Mohemmed Yousuf Ramaiah, Mangayarkarasi School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Tamilnadu Vellore India

The phenomenal rise in network traffic across various sectors, driven by advancements in network communication, has led to an explosion of connected devices. While internet-based service providers have enhanced smart environments, these environments remain highly vulnerable to security risks. Due to their resource- constrained nature, Internet of Things (IoT) systems rely on edge servers for processing. Cutting-edge machine learning algorithms have significantly improved the security of edge computing systems by enabling early intrusion detection. However, the dynamic nature of our society demands more sophisticated Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) that can balance the challenge of managing the explosive growth of network traffic data with effectively responding to attacks. This paper proposes a novel NIDS that can train and learn from massive amounts of data in a centralized environment. To identify the best subset of features for improved data representation and classification, a bio-inspired algorithm, the Improved Firefly Optimization Algorithm (IFOA), is employed. Furthermore, a hyper-tuned Extremely Randomized Trees (ERT) attack detection model is developed to accurately identify malicious behavior while minimizing false positives. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior accuracy and execution speed compared to alternative solutions and its baseline versions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Network intrusion

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Enhancing Image Super-Resolution with GANs Featuring Enhanced Deep Super-Resolution and Attention Mechanisms 4

Enhancing Image Super-Resolution with GANs Featuring Enhance...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Techniques in Computational Intelligence, ICETCI 2024

作者： Kumar, G. Aditya Kativar, Aditi Kannan, A. Vellore Institute of Technology Computer Science and Engineering Vellore India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387063

Improving the quality and resolution of low- resolution digital images is an important task with far-reaching implications for a variety of applications, including medical imaging, surveillance, and content retrieval. To solve the high- resolution problem of a single image, this study proposes a new Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) model that includes an Enhanced Deep Super-Resolution (EDSR) generator. Our model includes a sensitivity function and a Squeeze-and- Excitation (SE) block in an EDSR design. These SE blocks directly model channel connections to optimize channel-specific performance responses and improve network capabilities without incurring significant computational costs. After extensive training using complex data processing methods such as rotation, rotation, and rotation, our model shows an impressive ability to enhance image details and traditional culture more accurately. Our strategy outperforms existing models both statistically and qualitatively with better signal-to- noise ratios (PSNRs) on the DIV2K dataset. These results, together with deep learning models, demonstrate the role of attentional processes in improving image resolution and lay the groundwork for further work in this field. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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An Efficient Real Time Decision Making System for Autonomous Vehicle Using Timber Chased Wolf Optimization Based Ensemble Classifier

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Journal of engineering science and technology Review 2023年第1期16卷 75-84页

作者： Jaiswal, Swati Mohan, B. Chandra School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India

An autonomous vehicle is anticipated to increase comfort, safety, energy efficiency, emissions reduction, and mobility. The development of autonomous vehicles depends on decision-making algorithms that can handle complex and dynamic urban intersections. Hence in this research, a TCWO based ensemble classifier-based instantaneous decision-making model involved in driverless vehicles is devised. The ensemble classifier is designed through the combination of the Timber chased wolf optimization (TCWO) for detecting traffic sign along with decision process is performed. The bidirectional long short term (BiLSTM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) is combined to create the hybrid ensemble classifier, which is more effective. The TCWO is developed by hybridizing the characteristics of GWO and COA that helps to optimizing the classifiers and boots the classification performance. The TCWO based GAN helps for finding lane in the data that effectively reduces the problems of misclassification by generating synthetic data and training the data to differentiate the original and the generated data. The TCWO-based ensemble classifier attained the values of 98.88%, 98.36%, 98.88% while detecting the traffic sign, and 2.41%, 2.41%, 7.39% while predicting the lane using TCWO-based GAN, which is significantly higher than the competent technique © 2023 school of science, IHU. All rights reserved

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Elevating IDS Capabilities: The Convergence of SVM, Deep Learning, and RFECV in Network Security 2

Elevating IDS Capabilities: The Convergence of SVM, Deep Lea...

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2nd International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information technology and engineering, ic-ETITE 2024

作者： Kumar, G Aditya Katiyar, Aditi Srinivasan, Kathiravan Computer Science Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328202

By presenting an improved Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that combines deep learning with support vector machines (SVM), this research increases network security. The main goal is to increase the accuracy of SVM detection by using a methodical feature selection and optimization technique that is tailored to the complexity of network intrusions. 35 out of the 42 features were chosen for feature selection using RFECV, an algorithmic feature selection technique in machine learning. To ensure that the features preserved are those that contribute most to the model's predictive capacity and that the redundant features are deleted, techniques such as RFECV and feature priority ranking using ExtraTreesClassifier take the model's performance into account during the feature selection process. To improve classifier performance, optimization strategies such as hyperparameter tuning are used, focusing on important data and cutting down on redundancies. The performance of several SVM kernel functions, including linear, polynomial, RBF, and sigmoid, is compared in the study. The Linear model combined with the deep learning model was shown to perform the best. Our model outperforms current IDS frameworks, as demonstrated by comparative analysis, confirming the efficacy of integrating SVMs with deep learning for real-time threat detection. The KDD Cup 99 dataset, which has been widely used as a benchmark for assessing the performance of different IDS models, was used for the work. It offers a consistent, varied, and large dataset so that researchers may evaluate and contrast their methods. Researchers can experiment with feature selection and reduction strategies to enhance IDS performance because of the dataset's broad set of features. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector machines

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