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A Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient-Based Method for Enforcing Service Fault-Tolerance in MEC

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 899-909页

作者： Tingyan LONG Peng CHEN Yunni XIA Yong MA Xiaoning SUN Jiale ZHAO Yifei LYU College of Computer Science Chongqing University School of Computer and Software Engineering Xihua University School of Computer and Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal University School of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal University

Mobile edge computing(MEC) provides edge services to users in a distributed and on-demand *** to the heterogeneity of edge applications, deploying latency and resource-intensive applications on resourceconstrained devices is a key challenge for service providers. This is especially true when underlying edge infrastructures are fault and error-prone. In this paper, we propose a fault tolerance approach named DFGP, for enforcing mobile service fault-tolerance in MEC. It synthesizes a generative optimization network(GON) model for predicting resource failure and a deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG) model for yielding preemptive migration *** show through extensive simulation experiments that DFGP is more effective in fault detection and guaranteeing quality of service, in terms of fault detection accuracy, migration efficiency, task migration time, task scheduling time,and energy consumption than other existing methods.

关键词： Fault tolerance Multi-access edge computing Processor scheduling Fault detection Image edge detection Fault tolerant systems Quality of service

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Nonparametric Statistical Feature Scaling Based Quadratic Regressive Convolution Deep Neural Network for Software Fault Prediction

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3469-3487页

作者： Sureka Sivavelu Venkatesh Palanisamy School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

The development of defect prediction plays a significant role in improving software quality. Such predictions are used to identify defective modules before the testing and to minimize the time and cost. The software with defects negatively impacts operational costs and finally affects customer satisfaction. Numerous approaches exist to predict software defects. However, the timely and accurate software bugs are the major challenging issues. To improve the timely and accurate software defect prediction, a novel technique called Nonparametric Statistical feature scaled QuAdratic regressive convolution Deep nEural Network (SQADEN) is introduced. The proposed SQADEN technique mainly includes two major processes namely metric or feature selection and classification. First, the SQADEN uses the nonparametric statistical Torgerson–Gower scaling technique for identifying the relevant software metrics by measuring the similarity using the dice coefficient. The feature selection process is used to minimize the time complexity of software fault prediction. With the selected metrics, software fault perdition with the help of the Quadratic Censored regressive convolution deep neural network-based classification. The deep learning classifier analyzes the training and testing samples using the contingency correlation coefficient. The softstep activation function is used to provide the final fault prediction results. To minimize the error, the Nelder–Mead method is applied to solve non-linear least-squares problems. Finally, accurate classification results with a minimum error are obtained at the output layer. Experimental evaluation is carried out with different quantitative metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure, and time complexity. The analyzed results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed SQADEN technique with maximum accuracy, sensitivity and specificity by 3%, 3%, 2% and 3% and minimum time and space by 13% and 15% when compared with the two sta

关键词： Software defect prediction feature selection nonparametric statistical Torgerson-Gower scaling technique quadratic censored regressive convolution deep neural network softstep activation function nelder-mead method

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2P3FL:A Novel Approach for Privacy Preserving in Financial Sectors Using Flower Federated Learning

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第8期140卷 2035-2051页

作者： Sandeep Dasari Rajesh Kaluri School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

The increasing data pool in finance sectors forces machine learning(ML)to step into new *** data has significant financial implications and is *** users data from several organizations for various banking services may result in various intrusions and privacy *** a result,this study employs federated learning(FL)using a flower paradigm to preserve each organization’s privacy while collaborating to build a robust shared global ***,diverse data distributions in the collaborative training process might result in inadequate model learning and a lack of *** address this issue,the present paper proposes the imple-mentation of Federated Averaging(FedAvg)and Federated Proximal(FedProx)methods in the flower framework,which take advantage of the data locality while training and guaranteeing global *** improves the privacy of the local *** analysis used the credit card and Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection Evaluation(CICIDS)***,recall,and accuracy as performance indicators to show the efficacy of the proposed strategy using FedAvg and *** experimental findings suggest that the proposed approach helps to safely use banking data from diverse sources to enhance customer banking services by obtaining accuracy of 99.55%and 83.72%for FedAvg and 99.57%,and 84.63%for FedProx.

关键词： Federated learning FedAvg FedProx flower framework privacy preservation financial sectors

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A hybrid machine learning approach for enhanced anomaly detection in drinking water quality

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International Journal of Environmental Studies 2024年第2期81卷 661-674页

作者： Kalaivanan, K. Vellingiri, J. School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

Machine learning has become important for anomaly detection in water quality prediction. Data anomalies are often caused by the difficulties of analysing large amounts of data, both technical and human, but approaches have been inadequate when water contamination increases. The paper reports an anomaly detection technique based on an autoencoder and an extreme learning machine (AEELM). This approach uses an autoencoder for feature selection and an ELM algorithm for classification purposes. It is estimated using the Cauvery River dataset. The autoencoder-based ELM techniques outperformed other models with 83% accuracy, 77% precision, 83% recall, and 83% F1-level characteristic performance indicators. These results demonstrate its great effectiveness. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Water quality

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Enhanced Acceleration for Generalized Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Learning

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 98-113页

作者： Hengmin Zhang Jian Yang Wenli Du Bob Zhang Zhiyuan Zha Bihan Wen School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau

Matrix minimization techniques that employ the nuclear norm have gained recognition for their applicability in tasks like image inpainting, clustering, classification, and reconstruction. However, they come with inherent biases and computational burdens, especially when used to relax the rank function, making them less effective and efficient in real-world scenarios. To address these challenges, our research focuses on generalized nonconvex rank regularization problems in robust matrix completion, low-rank representation, and robust matrix regression. We introduce innovative approaches for effective and efficient low-rank matrix learning, grounded in generalized nonconvex rank relaxations inspired by various substitutes for the ?0-norm relaxed functions. These relaxations allow us to more accurately capture low-rank structures. Our optimization strategy employs a nonconvex and multi-variable alternating direction method of multipliers, backed by rigorous theoretical analysis for complexity and *** algorithm iteratively updates blocks of variables, ensuring efficient convergence. Additionally, we incorporate the randomized singular value decomposition technique and/or other acceleration strategies to enhance the computational efficiency of our approach, particularly for large-scale constrained minimization problems. In conclusion, our experimental results across a variety of image vision-related application tasks unequivocally demonstrate the superiority of our proposed methodologies in terms of both efficacy and efficiency when compared to most other related learning methods.

关键词： Learning systems Image recognition Minimization Computational efficiency Complexity theory Matrix decomposition Optimization Image reconstruction Singular value decomposition Convergence

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Coarse-to-fine lightweight meta-embedding for ID-based recommendations

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 82-97页

作者： Yang WANG Haipeng LIU Zeqian YI Biao QIAN Meng WANG School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology College of Information and Intelligence Hunan Agricultural University

State-of-the-art recommender systems are increasingly focused on optimizing implementation efficiency, such as enabling on-device recommendations under memory constraints. Current methods commonly use lightweight embeddings for users and items or employ compact embeddings to enhance reusability and reduce memory usage. However, these approaches consider only the coarse-grained aspects of embeddings, overlooking subtle semantic nuances. This limitation results in an adversarial degradation of meta-embedding performance, impeding the system's ability to capture intricate relationships between users and items, leading to suboptimal recommendations. To address this, we propose a novel approach to efficiently learn meta-embeddings with varying grained and apply fine-grained meta-embeddings to strengthen the representation of their coarse-grained counterparts. Specifically, we introduce a recommender system based on a graph neural network, where each user and item is represented as a node. These nodes are directly connected to coarse-grained virtual nodes and indirectly linked to fine-grained virtual nodes, facilitating learning of multi-grained semantics. Fine-grained semantics are captured through sparse meta-embeddings, which dynamically balance embedding uniqueness and memory constraints. To ensure their sparseness, we rely on initialization methods such as sparse principal component analysis combined with a soft thresholding activation function. Moreover, we propose a weight-bridging update strategy that aligns coarse-grained meta-embedding with several fine-grained meta-embeddings based on the underlying semantic properties of users and items. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms existing baselines. The code of our proposal is available at https://***/htyjers/C2F-MetaEmbed.

关键词： lightweight meta-embedding coarse-to-fine learning ID-based recommendations

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Classifying distinct emotions from parents of ASD child using EEG source data by combining Bernoulli–Laplace Prior and graph neural networks

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第12期37卷 7877-7895页

作者： ArulDass, Stephen Dass Jayagopal, Prabhu School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore632014 India

Emotion recognition using biological brain signals needs to be reliable to attain effective signal processing and feature extraction techniques. The impact of emotions in interpretations, conversations, and decision-making, has made automatic emotion recognition and examination of a significant feature in the field of psychiatric disease treatment and cure. The problem arises from the limited spatial resolution of EEG recorders. Predetermined quantities of electroencephalography (EEG) channels are used by existing algorithms, which combine several methods to extract significant data. The major intention of this study was to focus on enhancing the efficiency of recognizing emotions using signals from the brain through an experimental, adaptive selective channel selection approach that recognizes that brain function shows distinctive behaviors that vary from one individual to another individual and from one state of emotions to another. We apply a Bernoulli–Laplace-based Bayesian model to map each emotion from the scalp senses to brain sources to resolve this issue of emotion mapping. The standard low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) technique is employed to instantiate the source signals. We employed a progressive graph convolutional neural network (PG-CNN) to identify the sources of the suggested localization model and the emotional EEG as the main graph nodes. In this study, the proposed framework uses a PG-CNN adjacency matrix to express the connectivity between the EEG source signals and the matrix. Research on an EEG dataset of parents of an ASD (autism spectrum disorder) child has been utilized to investigate the ways of parenting of the child's mother and father. We engage with identifying the personality of parental behaviors when regulating the child and supervising his or her daily activities. These recorded datasets incorporated by the proposed method identify five emotions from brain source modeling, which significantly improves the accurac

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Domain generalization with semi-supervised learning for people-centric activity recognition

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 171-188页

作者： Jing LIU Wei ZHU Di LI Xing HU Liang SONG Academy for Engineering & Technology Fudan University Shanghai East-bund Research Institute on Networking Systems of AI School of Optoelectronic Information and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science & Technology

People-centric activity recognition is one of the most critical technologies in a wide range of real-world applications,including intelligent transportation systems, healthcare services, and brain-computer interfaces. Large-scale data collection and annotation make the application of machine learning algorithms prohibitively expensive when adapting to new tasks. One way of circumventing this limitation is to train the model in a semi-supervised learning manner that utilizes a percentage of unlabeled data to reduce the labeling burden in prediction tasks. Despite their appeal, these models often assume that labeled and unlabeled data come from similar distributions, which leads to the domain shift problem caused by the presence of distribution gaps. To address these limitations, we propose herein a novel method for people-centric activity recognition,called domain generalization with semi-supervised learning(DGSSL), that effectively enhances the representation learning and domain alignment capabilities of a model. We first design a new autoregressive discriminator for adversarial training between unlabeled and labeled source domains, extracting domain-specific features to reduce the distribution gaps. Second, we introduce two reconstruction tasks to capture the task-specific features to avoid losing information related to representation learning while maintaining task-specific consistency. Finally, benefiting from the collaborative optimization of these two tasks, the model can accurately predict both the domain and category labels of the source domains for the classification task. We conduct extensive experiments on three real-world sensing datasets. The experimental results show that DGSSL surpasses the three state-of-the-art methods with better performance and generalization.

关键词： activity recognition deep learning domain generalization semi-supervised learning adversarial training

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An IoMT-based Federated Learning Survey in Smart Transportation

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Recent Advances in computer science and Communications 2024年第4期17卷 20-39页

作者： Karnam, Geetha Vani Maddikunta, Praveen Kumar Reddy School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore632014 India

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is a technology that encompasses medical devices, wearable sensors, and applications connected to the Internet. In road accidents, it plays a crucial role in enhancing emergency response and reducing the impact of accidents on victims. Smart Transportation uses this technology to improve the efficiency and safety of transportation systems. The current Artificial Intelligence applications lack transparency and interpretability which is of utmost importance in critical transportation scenarios, such as autonomous vehicles, air traffic control systems, and traffic management systems. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) provides a clear, transparent explanation and actions. Traditional Machine Learning techniques have enabled Intelligent Transportation systems by performing centralized vehicular data training at the server where data sharing is needed, thus introducing privacy issues. To reduce transmission overhead and achieve privacy, a collaborative and distributed machine learning approach called Federated Learning (FL) is used. Here only model updates are transmitted instead of the entire dataset. This paper provides a comprehensive survey on the prediction of traffic using Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and FL. Among these, FL can predict traffic accurately without compromising privacy. We first present the overview of XAI and FL in the introduction. Then, we discuss the basic concepts of FL and its related work, the FL-IoMT framework, and motivations for using FL in transportation. Subsequently, we discuss the applications of using FL in transportation and open-source projects. Finally, we highlight several research challenges and their possible directions in FL. © 2024 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Intelligent systems

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Privacy-preserving explainable AI: a survey

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 23-56页

作者： Thanh Tam NGUYEN Thanh Trung HUYNH Zhao REN Thanh Toan NGUYEN Phi Le NGUYEN Hongzhi YIN Quoc Viet Hung NGUYEN School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University School of Computer and Communication Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Faculty of Information Technology HUTECH University Department of Computer Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland

As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.

关键词： privacy-preserving explainable AI privacy attacks privacy defences PrivEx PPXAI

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