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Congress on Evolutionary computation

作者： Zhuo Kang Lishan Kang Changhe Li Yuping Chen Minzhong Liu Computation Center Wuhan University of China China School of Computer Science China University of Geoscience China State key Laboratory of Software Engineering Wuhan University of China China School of Computer Science Wuhan University of China China

In the paper, for many-objective optimization problems, the authors pointed out that the Pareto Optimality is unfair, unreasonable and imperfect for Many-objective Optimization Problems (MOPs) underlying the hypothesis that all objectives have equal importance and propose a new evolutionary decision theory. The key contribution is the discovery of the new definition of optimality called E-optimality for MOP that is based on a new conception, so called E-dominance, which not only considers the difference of the number of superior and inferior objectives between two feasible solutions, but also considers the values of improved objective functions underlying the hypothesis that all objectives in the problem have equal importance. Two new evolutionary algorithms for E-optimal solutions are proposed. Because the new relation < E of E-dominance is not transitive, so a new way must be found for consideration of convergence properties of algorithms. A Boolean function better used as a select strategy is defined. The convergence theorems of the new evolutionary algorithms are proved. Some numerical experiments show that the new evolutionary decision theory is better than Pareto decision theory for many-objective function optimization problems.

关键词： Evolutionary computation Optimization Boolean functions

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Multilocus association analysis into susceptibility genes of schizophrenia

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Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (engineering and Technology Edition) 2008年第SUPPL. 2期38卷 205-212页

作者： Zhang, Hong-Li Liu, Yuan-Ning Zhang, Hao Yu, Ya-Qin Yu, Qiong Kou, Chang-Gui Shi, Jie-Ping Meng, Xiang-Fei Tao, Lu Qu, Ting College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun 130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130012 China Research Center for Genomic Medicine School of Public Health Jilin University Changchun 130021 China

A model based on multilocus interaction of schizophrenia was designed. Using the program of MATLAB through a C-language interface, combined with Fisher's exact test, a total of 18 SNPs that came from 9 susceptibility genes of the cPLA2 and PNPLA8 family were analyzed to detect positive sites of schizophrenia in multilocus association analysis. Results show that 4 positive sites at rs3816533, rsl668589, rsl356410 and rs40848 were detected in 13 SNPs, which did not deviate from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). The haplotype significance test of these positive sites indicates that 6 haplotypes passing through rs3816533, rsl668589, rsl356410 and 2 haplotypes passing through rs40848 are associated with schizophrenia.

关键词： MATLAB

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Dynamic watermarking scheme based on the Shamir threshold and branch structure

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Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (engineering and Technology Edition) 2008年第SUPPL. 2期38卷 221-225页

作者： Yin, Ke Wang, Zhi-Quan Zhu, Jian-Qi Dong, Gang School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China Electric Power Simulation and Control Engineering Center Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing 211167 China Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineer College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun 130012 China

A novel dynamic software watermark scheme based on the Shamir threshold and branch structure is presented. First, we split the watermark into a set of shares using the Shamir threshold scheme. Second, these values are encrypted with the DES block cipher that forms the watermark shares to be embedded into different methods of program according to the dynamic behavior of the branch structure. Our scheme can withstand most semantics-preserving attacks and can retrieve the original watermark based on partial information. Simulation tests show that our scheme is very robust, stealthy and has a high price performance rate compared with other methods.

关键词： Semantics

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SimWall:a practical user-friendly stereo tiled display wall system

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science A(Applied Physics & engineering) 2007年第4期8卷 596-604页

作者： XIE Li-jun ZHENG Yao YANG Ting-jun GAO Wen-xuan PAN Ning-he School of Computer Science and Center for Engineering and Scientific Computation Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

SimWall is a user-friendly, stereo tiled display wall system composed of 18 commodity projectors operated by a Linux graphics cluster. Collaborating together, these projectors work as a single logical display capable of giving a high-resolution show, large-scale, and passive stereo scene. In order to avoid tedious system setup and maintenance, software-based automatic geometry and photometric calibration are used. The software calibration is integrated to the system seamlessly by an on-card transform method and is transparent to users. To end-users, SimWall works just as a common PC, but provides super computing, rendering and displaying ability. In addition, SimWall has stereoscopic function that gives users a semi-immersive experience in polarized passive way. This paper presents system architecture, implementation, and other technical issues such as hardware constraints, projectors alignment, geometry and photometric calibration, implementation of passive stereo, and development of overall soft- ware environment.

关键词： Tiled display wall Stereoscopic display Multi-projectors display Parallel rendering Camera-based geometry and photometric calibration

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Single atom doping for quantum device development in diamond and silicon

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Journal of Vacuum science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 2008年第6期26卷 2596-2600页

作者： Weis, C.D. Schuh, A. Batra, A. Persaud, A. Rangelow, I.W. Bokor, J. Lo, C.C. Cabrini, S. Sideras-Haddad, E. Fuchs, G.D. Hanson, R. Awschalom, D.D. Schenkel, T. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94114 United States Technical University Ilmenau D-98684 Ilmenau Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley CA 94720 United States Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 United States School of Physics University of the Witwatersrand Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa Center for Spintronics and Quantum Computation University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 United States Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology P.O. Box 5046 2600 GA Delft Netherlands

The ability to inject dopant atoms with high spatial resolution, flexibility in dopant species, and high single ion detection fidelity opens opportunities for the study of dopant fluctuation effects and the development of devices in which function is based on the manipulation of quantum states in single atoms, such as proposed quantum computers. The authors describe a single atom injector, in which the imaging and alignment capabilities of a scanning force microscope (SFM) are integrated with ion beams from a series of ion sources and with sensitive detection of current transients induced by incident ions. Ion beams are collimated by a small hole in the SFM tip and current changes induced by single ion impacts in transistor channels enable reliable detection of single ion hits. They discuss resolution limiting factors in ion placement and processing and paths to single atom (and color center) array formation for systematic testing of quantum computer architectures in silicon and diamond. © 2008 American Vacuum Society.

关键词： Ion beams

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An EEG-based subject- and session-independent drowsiness detection

An EEG-based subject- and session-independent drowsiness det...

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International Joint Conference on neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Chin-Teng Lin Nikhil R. Pal Chien-Yao Chuang Tzyy-Ping Jung Li-Wei Ko Sheng-Fu Liang Department of Electrical & Control Engineering and Brain Research Center National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Brain Research Center National Chiao Tung University Calcutta India Department of Brain Research Center National Chiao Tung University Taiwan Department of Electrical & Control Engineering and Brain Research Center National Chiao-Tung University and Institute for Neural Computation University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA Department of Electrical & Control Engineering and Brain Research Center National Chiao Tung University Taiwan Department of Brain Research Center National Chiao-Tung University and the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

Monitoring and predicting human cognitive state and performance using physiological signals such as Electroencephalogram (EEG) have recently gained increasing attention in the fields of brain-computer interface and cognitive neuroscience. Most previous psychophysiological studies of cognitive changes have attempted to use the same model for all subjects. However, the relatively large individual variability in EEG dynamics relating to loss of alertness suggests that for many operators, group statistics cannot be used to accurately predict changes in cognitive states. Attempts have also been made to build a subject-dependent model for each individual based on his/her pilot data to account for individual variability. However, such methods assume the cross-session variability in EEG dynamics to be negligible, which could be problematic due to electrode displacements, environmental noises, and skin-electrode impedance. Here first we show that the EEG power in the alpha and theta bands are strongly correlated with changes in the subjectpsilas cognitive state reflected through his driving performance and hence his departure from alertness. Then under very mild and realistic assumptions we derive a model for the alert state of the person using EEG power in the alpha and theta bands. We demonstrate that deviations (computed by Mahalanobis distance) of the EEG power in the alpha and theta bands from the corresponding alert models are correlated to the changes in the driving performance. Finally, for detection of drowsiness we use a linear combination of deviations of the EEG power in the alpha band and theta band from the respective alert models that best correlates with subjectpsilas changing level of alertness, indexed by subjectpsilas behavioral response in the driving task. This approach could lead to a practical system for noninvasive monitoring of the cognitive state of human operators in attention-critical settings.

关键词： Electroencephalography Brain modeling Brain models Distance measurement Correlation Spectral analysis Data models

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A flexible architecture for job management in a grid environment

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science A(Applied Physics & engineering) 2007年第1期8卷 95-105页

作者： LUAN Cui-ju SONG Guang-hua ZHENG Yao ZHANG Ji-fa College of Information Engineering Shanghai Maritime University Shanghai 200135 China School of Computer Science and Center for Engineering and Scientific Computation Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Job management is a key issue in computational grids, and normally involves job definition, scheduling, executing and monitoring. However, job management in the existing grid middleware needs to be improved in terms of efficiency and flexibility. This paper addresses a flexible architecture for job management with detailed design and implementation. Frameworks for job scheduling and monitoring, as two important aspects, are also presented. The proposed job management has the advantages of reusability of job definition, flexible and automatic file operation, visual steering of file transfer and job execution, and adaptive application job scheduler. A job management wizard is designed to implement each step. Therefore, what the grid user needs to do is only to define the job by constructing necessary information at runtime. In addition, the job space is adopted to ensure the security of the job management. Experimental results showed that this approach is user-friendly and system efficient.

关键词： Grid Job management Job definition reuse Steering of job transfer Job space

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Incorporating prior knowledge on features into learning

Incorporating prior knowledge on features into learning

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11th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, AISTATS 2007

作者： Krupka, Eyal Tishby, Naftali School of Computer Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation Hebrew University Jerusalem 91904 Israel Intel Research Israel Israel

In the standard formulation of supervised learning the input is represented as a vector of features. However, in most real-life problems, we also have additional information about each of the features. This information can be represented as a set of properties, referred to as meta-features. For instance, in an image recognition task, where the features are pixels, the meta-features can be the (x, y) position of each pixel. We propose a new learning framework that incorporates meta-features. In this framework we assume that a weight is assigned to each feature, as in linear discrimination, and we use the meta-features to define a prior on the weights. This prior is based on a Gaussian process and the weights are assumed to be a smooth function of the meta-features. Using this framework we derive a practical algorithm that improves generalization by using meta-features and discuss the theoretical advantages of incorporating them into the learning. We apply our framework to design a new kernel for handwritten digit recognition. We obtain higher accuracy with lower computational complexity in the primal representation. Finally, we discuss the applicability of this framework to biological neural networks.

关键词： Pixels

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Uncovering shared structures in multiclass classification 07

Uncovering shared structures in multiclass classification

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24th International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2007

作者： Amit, Yonatan Fink, Michael Srebro, Nathan Ullman, Shimon School of Computer Science and Engineering Hebrew University Israel Center for Neural Computation Hebrew University Israel Toyota Technological Institute Chicago United States Weizmann Institude of Science Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781595937933

This paper suggests a method for multiclass learning with many classes by simultaneously learning shared characteristics common to the classes, and predictors for the classes in terms of these characteristics. We cast this as a convex optimization problem, using trace-norm regularization and study gradient-based optimization both for the linear case and the kernelized setting.

关键词： Learning systems

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Information bottleneck for non co-occurrence data 19

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20th Annual Conference on neural Information Processing Systems, NIPS 2006

作者： Seldin, Yevgeny Slonim, Noam Tishby, Naftali School of Computer Science and Engineering Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics Princeton University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780262195683

We present a general model-independent approach to the analysis of data in cases when these data do not appear in the form of co-occurrence of two variables X, Y, but rather as a sample of values of an unknown (stochastic) function Z(X, Y ). For example, in gene expression data, the expression level Z is a function of gene X and condition Y;or in movie ratings data the rating Z is a function of viewer X and movie Y. The approach represents a consistent extension of the Information Bottleneck method that has previously relied on the availability of co-occurrence statistics. By altering the relevance variable we eliminate the need in the sample of joint distribution of all input variables. This new formulation also enables simple MDL-like model complexity control and prediction of missing values of Z. The approach is analyzed and shown to be on a par with the best known clustering algorithms for a wide range of domains. For the prediction of missing values (collaborative filtering) it improves the currently best known results.

关键词： Collaborative filtering

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