Delay/disruption tolerant networking(DTN) is proposed as a networking architecture to overcome challenging space communication characteristics for reliable data transmission service in presence of long propagation del...
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Delay/disruption tolerant networking(DTN) is proposed as a networking architecture to overcome challenging space communication characteristics for reliable data transmission service in presence of long propagation delays and/or lengthy link disruptions. Bundle protocol(BP) and Licklider Transmission Protocol(LTP) are the main key technologies for DTN. LTP red transmission offers a reliable transmission mechanism for space networks. One of the key metrics used to measure the performance of LTP in space applications is the end-to-end data delivery delay, which is influenced by factors such as the quality of spatial channels and the size of cross-layer packets. In this paper, an end-to-end reliable data delivery delay model of LTP red transmission is proposed using a roulette wheel algorithm, and the roulette wheel algorithm is more in line with the typical random characteristics in space networks. The proposed models are validated through real data transmission experiments on a semi-physical testing platform. Furthermore, the impact of cross-layer packet size on the performance of LTP reliable transmission is analyzed, with a focus on bundle size, block size, and segment size. The analysis and study results presented in this paper offer valuable contributions towards enhancing the reliability of LTP transmission in space communication scenarios.
With the development of communication systems, modulation methods are becoming more and more diverse. Among them, quadrature spatial modulation(QSM) is considered as one method with less capacity and high efficiency. ...
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With the development of communication systems, modulation methods are becoming more and more diverse. Among them, quadrature spatial modulation(QSM) is considered as one method with less capacity and high efficiency. In QSM, the traditional signal detection methods sometimes are unable to meet the actual requirement of low complexity of the system. Therefore, this paper proposes a signal detection scheme for QSM systems using deep learning to solve the complexity problem. Results from the simulations show that the bit error rate performance of the proposed deep learning-based detector is better than that of the zero-forcing(ZF) and minimum mean square error(MMSE) detectors, and similar to the maximum likelihood(ML) detector. Moreover, the proposed method requires less processing time than ZF, MMSE,and ML.
Adaptive multicolor filters have emerged as key components for ensuring color accuracy and resolution in outdoor visual ***,the current state of this technology is still in its infancy and largely reliant on liquid cr...
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Adaptive multicolor filters have emerged as key components for ensuring color accuracy and resolution in outdoor visual ***,the current state of this technology is still in its infancy and largely reliant on liquid crystal devices that require high voltage and bulky structural ***,we present a multicolor nanofilter consisting of multilayered‘active’plasmonic nanocomposites,wherein metallic nanoparticles are embedded within a conductive polymer *** nanocomposites are fabricated with a total thickness below 100 nm using a‘lithography-free’method at the wafer level,and they inherently exhibit three prominent optical modes,accompanying scattering phenomena that produce distinct dichroic reflection and transmission ***,a pivotal achievement is that all these colors are electrically manipulated with an applied external voltage of less than 1 V with 3.5 s of switching speed,encompassing the entire visible ***,this electrically programmable multicolor function enables the effective and dynamic modulation of the color temperature of white light across the warm-to-cool spectrum(3250 K-6250 K).This transformative capability is exceptionally valuable for enhancing the performance of outdoor optical devices that are independent of factors such as the sun’s elevation and prevailing weather conditions.
Cardiovascular disease remains a major issue for mortality and morbidity, making accurate classification crucial. This paper introduces a novel heart disease classification model utilizing Electrocardiogram (ECG) sign...
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The widespread availability of GPS has opened up a whole new market that provides a plethora of location-based ***-based social networks have become very popular as they provide end users like us with several such ser...
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The widespread availability of GPS has opened up a whole new market that provides a plethora of location-based ***-based social networks have become very popular as they provide end users like us with several such services utilizing GPS through our ***,when users utilize these services,they inevitably expose personal information such as their ID and sensitive location to the *** to untrustworthy servers and malicious attackers with colossal background knowledge,users'personal information is at risk on these ***,many privacy-preserving solutions for protecting trajectories have significantly decreased utility after *** have come up with a new trajectory privacy protection solution that contraposes the area of interest for ***,Staying Points Detection Method based on Temporal-Spatial Restrictions(SPDM-TSR)is an interest area mining method based on temporal-spatial restrictions,which can clearly distinguish between staying and moving ***,our privacy protection mechanism focuses on the user's areas of interest rather than the entire ***,our proposed mechanism does not rely on third-party service providers and the attackers'background knowledge *** test our models on real datasets,and the results indicate that our proposed algorithm can provide a high standard privacy guarantee as well as data availability.
The most well-known type of correspondence between people is Discourse and correspondence assumes a vital part for conveying data. The truth of the matter is that each specific person on the planet won't discuss t...
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A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an independent wireless temporary network established by employing a set of mobile nodes (i.e. laptops, smartphones, iPods, etc.) appropriate for the environment in which the network...
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A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an independent wireless temporary network established by employing a set of mobile nodes (i.e. laptops, smartphones, iPods, etc.) appropriate for the environment in which the network infrastructures are not fixed. The most common problems faced by MANET are energy efficiency, high energy consumption, low network lifetime as well as high traffic overhead which create an impact on overall network topology. Hence, it is necessary to provide an energy-effective CH election to take steps against such issues. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel model to enhance the network lifetime and energy efficiency by performing a routing strategy in MANET. In this paper, an optimal CH is selected by proposing a novel Fuzzy Marine White Shark optimization (FMWSO) algorithm which is obtained by integrating fuzzy operation with two optimization algorithms namely the marine predator algorithm and white shark optimizer. The proposed approach comprises three diverse stages namely Generation of data, Cluster Generation and CH selection. A novel FMWSO algorithm is proposed in such a way to determine the CH selection in MANET thereby enhancing the network topology, network lifetime and minimizing the overhead rate, and energy consumption. Finally, the performance of the proposed FMWSO approach is compared with various other existing techniques to determine the effectiveness of the system. The proposed FMWSO approach consumes minimum energy of 0.62 mJ which is lower than other approaches.
As a result of its aggressive nature and late identification at advanced stages, lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer early diagnosis is a serious and difficult challenge that...
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Facial expression recognition is a challenging task when neural network is applied to pattern recognition. Most of the current recognition research is based on single source facial data, which generally has the disadv...
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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising in-context learning capabilities, especially with instructive prompts. However, recent studies have shown that existing large models still face challenges in sp...
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