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Automatic Transportation Mode Classification Using a Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach With Smartphone Sensors

IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 514-533页

作者： Taherinavid, Siavash Moravvej, Seyed Vahid Chen, Yen-Lin Yang, Jing Ku, Chin Soon Yee, Por Lip Iran University of Science and Technology School of Civil Engineering Tehran13114-16846 Iran Isfahan University of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan84156-83111 Iran National Taipei University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei106344 Taiwan Universiti Malaya Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Computer System and Technology Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Department of Computer Science Kampar31900 Malaysia

The increasing dependence on smartphones with advanced sensors has highlighted the imperative of precise transportation mode classification, pivotal for domains like health monitoring and urban planning. This research is motivated by the pressing demand to enhance transportation mode classification, leveraging the potential of smartphone sensors, notably the accelerometer, magnetometer, and gyroscope. In response to this challenge, we present a novel automated classification model rooted in deep reinforcement learning. Our model stands out for its innovative approach of harnessing enhanced features through artificial neural networks (ANNs) and visualizing the classification task as a structured series of decision-making events. Our model adopts an improved differential evolution (DE) algorithm for initializing weights, coupled with a specialized agent-environment relationship. Every correct classification earns the agent a reward, with additional emphasis on the accurate categorization of less frequent modes through a distinct reward strategy. The Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) technique is used for action selection, promoting deep-seated knowledge, and minimizing reliance on chance. A notable innovation in our work is the introduction of a cluster-centric mutation operation within the DE algorithm. This operation strategically identifies optimal clusters in the current DE population and forges potential solutions using a pioneering update mechanism. When assessed on the extensive HTC dataset, which includes 8311 hours of data gathered from 224 participants over two years. Noteworthy results spotlight an accuracy of 0.88±0.03 and an F-measure of 0.87±0.02, underscoring the efficacy of our approach for large-scale transportation mode classification tasks. This work introduces an innovative strategy in the realm of transportation mode classification, emphasizing both precision and reliability, addressing the pressing need for enhanced classification mechanisms in an eve

关键词： Smartphones

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Detecting the symptoms of COVID-19 during pandemic environment using smart spectacle thermal images and deep capsule networks

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 4475-4501页

作者： Dwarakanath, B. Pandimurugan, V. Mohandas, R. Sambath, M. Baiju, B.V. Chinnasamy, A. SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Chennai India Networking and Communications School of Computing SRMIST kattankulathur Chennai India Computational Intelligence School of Computing SRMIST kattankulathur Chennai India Computer Science and Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing SRMIST kattankulathur Chennai India

The pandemic creates a more complicated providence of medical assistance and diagnosis procedures. In the world, Covid-19, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS Cov-2), and plague are widely known pandemic disease desperations. Due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic tragedies, various medical diagnosis models and intelligent computing solutions are proposed for medical applications. In this era of computer-based medical environment, conventional clinical solutions are surpassed by many Machine Learning and Deep Learning-based COVID-19 diagnosis models. Anyhow, many existing models are developing lab-based diagnosis environments. Notably, the Gated Recurrent Unit-based Respiratory Data Analysis (GRU-RE), Intelligent Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-based Covid Data Analysis (Thermal Images) (I-UVAC), and Convolutional Neural Network-based computer Tomography Image Analysis (CNN-CT) are enriched with lightweight image data analysis techniques for obtaining mass pandemic data at real-time conditions. However, the existing models directly deal with bulk images (thermal data and respiratory data) to diagnose the symptoms of COVID-19. Against these works, the proposed spectacle thermal image data analysis model creates an easy and effective way of disease diagnosis deployment strategies. Particularly, the mass detection of disease symptoms needs a more lightweight equipment setup. In this proposed model, each patient's thermal data is collected via the spectacles of medical staff, and the data are analyzed with the help of a complex set of capsule network functions. Comparatively, the conventional capsule network functions are enriched in this proposed model using adequate sampling and data reduction solutions. In this way, the proposed model works effectively for mass thermal data diagnosis applications. In the experimental platform, the proposed and existing models are analyzed in various dimensions (metrics). The comparative results obtained in the experiments just

关键词： COVID-19

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Optimized featured swarm convolutional neural network (OFSCNN) model based dialect recognition system for Bagri Rajasthani language

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年第1期17卷 121-133页

作者： Kukana, Poonam Sharma, Pooja Bhardwaj, Neeru Department of Computer Science and Engineering University School of Engineering & amp Technology Rayat-Bahra University Punjab Mohali India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali India

The dialects of a language hold a significant place in speech processing (SP) applications. The objective of dialect identification is to categorize speech sample data into a specific dialect of a speaker's spoken language. A dialect recognition system must effectively distinguish between different dialects of a standard language, as they tend to possess many similarities. The dialect of a language is not a distinct characteristic, as it can be impacted by the utterer's birthplace. Researchers in the domain of automatic speech recognition (ASR) face difficulties in identifying the speech patterns unique to each dialect or language. The proposed work recognizes the dialects of the Bagri Rajasthani language from undefined expressions of speech. Rajasthani language is one of the eldest and most famous languages in the Indo-Aryan languages. It comprises the different dialects and for recognizing the dialects, it used dissimilar phases of acoustic and spectral characteristics of the speech signal (SS). The spectral and acoustic features of SSs are measured to design the system. As there is no specific speech dataset for Bagri dialects, the database is built, to verify the Bagri dialects of the Rajasthani language. To improve the accuracy rate, and error rate in recognizing the Bagri dialects, the acoustic and spectral characteristics of speech expressions are joined. To verify several Bagri dialects of the Rajasthani language, different simulations for classification and investigation are carried out i.e., OFSCNN model, GA-NN, etc. The outcomes are important and the accuracy of 96.95% for the OFSCNN model, 80.63% for GA-NN, and 93.45% for the SVM method is an achievement. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： CNN (convolutional neural network Dialects MFCC (Mel frequency co-efficient cepstral) OFSCNN (optimized featured swarm convolutional neural network) PSO (particle swarm optimization) Speech Dialect Recognition

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Integration of cloud-based scheme with industrial wireless sensor network for data publishing in privacy of point source

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International Journal of Cloud Computing 2024年第2期13卷 124-138页

作者： Ravindhar, N.V. Sasikumar, S. Bharathiraja, N. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha Engineering College Tamil Nadu India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab India

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are normally conveyed in arbitrary regions with no security. The source area uncovers significant data about targets. In this paper, a plan dependent on the cloud utilising data publishing in privacy of point source is proposed to resolve the issue of source area security. Then, at that point, a cloud-moulded phony area of interest is made to add counterfeit parcels into the WSN to confound the enemy and give a far-reaching protection area. Every important parcel is steered through a way that is very hard for the area of interest finding enemy to discover straightforwardly. Recreation results represent that the plan can forestall antagonistic catch and keep a significant degree of security insurance simultaneously. The energy utilisation in this plan applies restricted impact on the organisation lifetime contrasted and a cloud-based plan and an all-course irregular steering calculation conspire. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Aging decreases the precision of visual working memory

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Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition 2024年第4期31卷 762-776页

作者： Esfahan, Shahrzad M. Nili, Mohammad-Hossein H.K Hatami, Javad Sanayei, Mehdi Rezayat, Ehsan Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS) Tehran Iran Department of Psychology Psychology and Educational Science Faculty University of Tehran Tehran Iran School of Electrical & Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran School of Cognitive Sciences Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) Tehran Iran

Objectives: As individuals age, cognitive abilities such as working memory (WM), decline. In the current study, we investigated the effect of age on WM, and elucidated sources of errors. Method: A total of 102 healthy individuals, aged 18 to 71, participated in this research. We designed and administered a face-based visual WM task, collecting responses via a graded scale in a delayed match-to-sample reproduction task. Results: The error of participants increased significantly as they aged. Our analysis revealed a significant age-related rise in the standard deviation of error distribution. However, there was no significant change in uniform probability with age. Conclusion: We found that WM performance declines through the lifespan. Investigating the sources of error, we found that the precision of WM decreased monotonously with age. The results also indicated that the probability of guessing the response as a measure of random response is not affected by age. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Aging continuous error face working memory working memory task

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ScanSavant: Malware Detection for Android Applications with Explainable AI

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies

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International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies 2024年第19期18卷 171-181页

作者： Navaneethan, S. Udhaya Kumar, S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Tamil Nadu Chennai India

Mobile devices face SQL injection, malware, and web-based threats. Current solutions lack real-time detection. This paper introduces an Android app with advanced algorithms for real-time threat scanning. During testing, our application detected 94% of SQL injection attempts, outperforming the 86% average detection rate in similar studies. For malware analysis, it achieved a 97% detection accuracy on a dataset of infected files, higher than the industry standard of 93%. Additionally, our app can detect 85 malware variants and assign 15 attributes (***.8, ***, ***, ***, ***, ***, ***-2017-0143, ***, ***, Backdoor. DarkComet, ***, ***, ***, ***32. Necurs, and ***) to some malwares, providing detailed analysis for better threat management. The application effectively scans both EXE and APK files, ensuring com-prehensive protection. When assessing website links, the application identified security risks with 96% accuracy, demonstrating its capability in managing web-based threats. This app detects SQL injections, analyses malware, and assesses website security, bolstering cyber defence with user-friendly features and top-notch threat mitigation. © 2024, International Federation of engineering Education Societies (IFEES). All rights reserved.

关键词： Android malware

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Leveraging EfficientNetB3 in a Deep Learning Framework for High-Accuracy MRI Tumor Classification

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 867-883页

作者： Mahesh Thyluru Ramakrishna Kuppusamy Pothanaicker Padma Selvaraj Surbhi Bhatia Khan Vinoth Kumar Venkatesan Saeed Alzahrani Mohammad Alojail Department of Computer Science&Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN(Deemed-to-be University)Bengaluru562112India School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT-AP UniversityAmaravati522241India Department of Computer Science&Technology Madanapalle Institute of Technology&ScienceMadanapalle517325India School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK School of Computer Science Engineering&Information Systems(SCORE) Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)Vellore632014India Management Information System Department College of Business AdministrationKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11531Saudi Arabia Adjunct Research Faculty Centre for Research Impact&OutcomeChitkara UniversityRajpuraPunjab140401India

Brain tumor is a global issue due to which several people suffer,and its early diagnosis can help in the treatment in a more efficient *** different types of brain tumors,including gliomas,meningiomas,pituitary tumors,as well as confirming the absence of tumors,poses a significant challenge using MRI *** approaches predominantly rely on traditional machine learning and basic deep learning methods for image *** methods often rely on manual feature extraction and basic convolutional neural networks(CNNs).The limitations include inadequate accuracy,poor generalization of new data,and limited ability to manage the high variability in MRI *** the EfficientNetB3 architecture,this study presents a groundbreaking approach in the computational engineering domain,enhancing MRI-based brain tumor *** approach highlights a major advancement in employing sophisticated machine learning techniques within computer science and engineering,showcasing a highly accurate framework with significant potential for healthcare *** model achieves an outstanding 99%accuracy,exhibiting balanced precision,recall,and F1-scores across all tumor types,as detailed in the classification *** successful implementation demonstrates the model’s potential as an essential tool for diagnosing and classifying brain tumors,marking a notable improvement over current *** integration of such advanced computational techniques in medical diagnostics can significantly enhance accuracy and efficiency,paving the way for wider *** research highlights the revolutionary impact of deep learning technologies in improving diagnostic processes and patient outcomes in neuro-oncology.

关键词： Deep learning MRI brain tumor cassification EfficientNetB3 computational engineering healthcare technology artificial intelligence in medical imaging tumor segmentation neuro-oncology

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Robust and Explainable Depression Identification from Speech Using Vowel-Based Ensemble Learning Approaches

Robust and Explainable Depression Identification from Speech...

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2024 IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics, BHI 2024

作者： Feng, Kexin Chaspari, Theodora Texas A&m University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas United States Institute of Cognitive Science University of Colorado Boulder Department of Computer Science BoulderCO United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351552

This study investigates explainable machine learning algorithms for identifying depression from speech. Grounded in evidence from speech production that depression affects motor control and vowel generation, pre-trained vowel-based embeddings, that integrate semantically meaningful linguistic units, are used. Following that, an ensemble learning approach decomposes the problem into constituent parts characterized by specific depression symptoms and severity levels. Two methods are explored: a 'bottom-up' approach with 8 models predicting individual Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) item scores, and a 'top-down' approach using a Mixture of Experts (MoE) with a router module for assessing depression severity. Both methods depict performance comparable to state-of-the-art baselines, demonstrating robustness and reduced susceptibility to dataset mean/median values. System explainability benefits are discussed highlighting their potential to assist clinicians in depression diagnosis and screening. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Depression Diagnosis/Screening Ensemble Learning Explainable AI Mental Health Speech

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AR-Light: Enabling Fast and Lightweight Multi-User Augmented Reality via Semantic Segmentation and Collaborative View Synchronization

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IEEE Transactions on computers 2025年第6期74卷 2073-2086页

作者： Wen, Yu Shah, Aamir Bader Cao, Ruizhi Zhang, Chen Chen, Jiefu Wu, Xuqing Xie, Chenhao Fu, Xin University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77204 United States Beihang University School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing100191 China University of Houston Department of Information Science Technology HoustonTX77204 United States

Multi-user Augmented Reality (MuAR) allows multiple users to interact with shared virtual objects, facilitated by exchanging environment information. Current MuAR systems rely on 3D point clouds for real-world analysis, view synchronization, object rendering, and movement tracking. However, the complexity of 3D point clouds leads to significant processing delays, with approximately 80% of overhead in commercial frameworks. This hampers usability and degrades user experience. Our analysis reveals that maintaining the facing side of the real-world scene in a stable environment provides sufficient information for virtual object placement and rendering. To address this, we introduce a lightweight quadtree structure, representing 2D scenes through semantic segmentation and geometry, as an alternative to 3D point clouds. Additionally, we propose a novel correction method to handle potential shifts in virtual object placement during view synchronization among users. Combining all designs, we implement a fast and lightweight MuAR framework named AR-Light and test our framework on commercial AR devices. The evaluation results on real-world applications demonstrate that AR-Light can achieve high performance in various real-world scenes while maintaining a comparable virtual object placement accuracy. © 1968-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Stage-Wise Categorization and Prediction of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Ensemble Learning and 2D-CNN

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第4期36卷 499-514页

作者： N.M.Balamurugan K.Maithili T.K.S.Rathish Babu M.Adimoolam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudurChennaiIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering KG Reddy College of Engineering and Technology(Autonomous)HyderabadTelanganaIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sridevi Women’s Engineering CollegeHyderabadTelanganaIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesThandalamChennaiIndia

Diabetic Eye Disease(DED)is a fundamental cause of blindness in human beings in the medical *** techniques are proposed to forecast and examine the stages in Prognostication of Diabetic Retinopathy(DR).The Machine Learning(ML)and the Deep Learning(DL)algorithms are the predomi-nant techniques to project and explore the images of *** though some solu-tions were adapted to challenge the cause of DR disease,still there should be an efﬁcient and accurate DR prediction to be adapted to reﬁne its *** this work,a hybrid technique was proposed for classiﬁcation and prediction of *** proposed hybrid technique consists of Ensemble Learning(EL),2 Dimensional-Conventional Neural Network(2D-CNN),Transfer Learning(TL)and Correlation ***,the Stochastic Gradient Boosting(SGB)EL method was used to predict the ***,the boosting based EL method was used to predict the DR of *** 2D-CNN was applied to categorize the various stages of DR ***,the TL was adopted to transfer the clas-siﬁcation prediction to training *** this TL was applied,a new predic-tion feature was *** the experiment,the proposed technique has achieved 97.8%of accuracy in prophecies of DR images and 98%accuracy in grading of *** experiment was also extended to measure the sensitivity(99.6%)and speciﬁcity(97.3%)*** predicted accuracy rate was com-pared with existing methods.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy prediction and classiﬁcation ensemble learning conventional neural network diabetic eye disease

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