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2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, DIS 2024

作者： Shiri, Varun Xiong, Maggie Cheng, Jinghui Guo, Jin L.C. Department of Computer and Software Engineering Polytechnique Montreal MontrealQC Canada School of Computer Science McGill University MontrealQC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705830

In modern technology environments, raising users’ privacy awareness is crucial. Existing eforts largely focused on privacy policy presentation and failed to systematically address a radical challenge of user motivation for initiating privacy awareness. Leveraging the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), we proposed design ideas and categories dedicated to motivating users to engage with privacy-related information. Using these design ideas, we created a conceptual prototype, enhancing the current App Store product page. Results from an online experiment and follow-up interviews showed that our design efectively motivated participants to attend to privacy issues, raising both the threat appraisal and coping appraisal, two main factors in PMT. Our work indicated that efective design should consider combining PMT components, calibrating information content, and integrating other design elements, such as visual cues and user familiarity. Overall, our study contributes valuable design considerations driven by the PMT to amplify the motivational aspect of privacy communication. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Motivation

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A Multi-feature Co-distillation Algorithm Based on Human Skeletal Point Behavior Recognition 24

A Multi-feature Co-distillation Algorithm Based on Human Ske...

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2nd International Conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, AAIA 2024

作者： Pan, Xuefeng Tian, Zhiqiang School of Computer Wuhan Qingchuan University Wuhan China School of Information Wuhan Software Engineering Vocational College Wuhan Open University Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712883

Depth model-based behavior estimation of human skeletal points is widely used in the field of behavior recognition. In order to improve the accuracy of behavior recognition, the complexity and computation of the designed network model are increasing, while the mobile platforms have limited arithmetic power and memory, and thus cannot be deployed. To solve the above problems, the AGCN network, a skeletal point-based behavior recognition model, is clipped to compress the network size so that it can support common mobile platforms;and a multi-feature co-distillation method is proposed to efficiently migrate the performance of the original network to the target network, so that the performance of the clipped lightweight network tends to be close to that of the original network. The model training, testing, visualization, and ablation experiments are completed on the NTU-RGB+D60 data set. The experimental results show that the algorithm after lightweighting (clipping network and multi-feature co-distillation), can significantly reduce the computational amount of behavior recognition. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Distillation

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No-Reference Image Quality Assessment via Multibranch Convolutional Neural Networks

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2023年第1期4卷 148-160页

作者： Pan, Zhaoqing Yuan, Feng Wang, Xu Xu, Long Shao, Xiao Kwong, Sam the School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China the College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China the Key Laboratory of Solar Activity National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100012 China the School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China the Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

No-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) aims to evaluate image quality without using the original reference images. Since the early NR-IQA methods based on distortion types were only applicable to specific distortion scenarios, and lack of practicality, it is challenging to designing a universal NR-IQA method. In this article, a multibranch convolutional neural network (MB-CNN) based NR-IQA method is proposed, which includes a spatial-domain feature extractor, a gradient-domain feature extractor, and a weight mechanism. The spatial-domain feature extractor aims to extract the distortion features from the spatial domain. The gradient-domain feature extractor is used to guide the spatial-domain feature extractor to pay more attention to the distortions of the structure information. Particularly, the spatial-domain feature extractor uses the hierarchical feature merge module to realize multiscale feature representation, and the gradient-domain feature extractor uses pyramidal convolution to extract the multiscale structure information of the distorted image. In addition, a position vector is proposed to build the weight mechanism by considering the position relationships between patches and its entire image for improving the final prediction performance. We conduct the experiments on five representative databases: LIVE, TID2013, CSIQ, LIVE MD and Waterloo Exploration Database, and the experimental results show that the proposed NR-IQA method achieves the state-of-the-art performance, which demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed NR-IQA method. The code ofthe proposed MB-CNN will be released at https://***/NUIST-Videocoding/MB-CNN. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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A Fine-Grained Detector of Face Mask Wearing Status Based on Improved YOLOX

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第4期5卷 1816-1830页

作者： Xiao, Hongli Wang, Bingshu Zheng, Jiangbin Liu, Licheng Philip Chen, C.L. Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Software Taicang Campus Suzhou215400 China Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China Hunan University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha410082 China South China University of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou510641 China

The fast outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and rapid proliferation of its variants have continued to pose a huge challenge to people around the world. Wearing medical masks properly in public and private settings can protect people from COVID-19, which brings a growing demand for automatic detection services of face mask wearing conditions. In this article, we propose a fine-grained detector called ECA_YOLOX-S to identify the wearing status of face masks. Efficient channel attention is introduced into YOLOX-S to reach a tradeoff between effectiveness and efficiency. To demonstrate the performance of our proposed method, a Fine-grained Face Mask (FineFM) dataset is created, which covers four classes of mask wearing status. The proposed FineFM dataset has 16 955 annotated images and covers multiple realistic scenarios. To the best of authors' knowledge, it has the largest number of improper mask wearing images among all similar datasets for realistic scenes. Experiments conducted on the FineFM dataset demonstrate that ECA_YOLOX-S achieves an overall mean average precision (mAP)@.50:95 of 86.80% for moderate scenes and an overall mAP@.50:95 of 73.20% for complex scenes, outperforming its benchmark model. Moreover, experiments conducted on other realistic and simulated datasets indicate that the proposed detector has advantages over other methods. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Message Passing on Semantic-Anchor-Graphs for Fine-grained Emotion Representation Learning and Classification

Message Passing on Semantic-Anchor-Graphs for Fine-grained E...

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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Zhang, Pinyi Chen, Jingyang Shen, Junchen Zhai, Zijie Li, Ping Zhang, Jie Zhang, Kai School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired intelligence Fudan University China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Southwest Petroleum University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

Emotion classification has wide applications in education, robotics, virtual reality, etc. However, identifying subtle differences between fine-grained emotion categories remains challenging. Current methods typically aggregate numerous token embeddings of a sentence into a single vector, which, while being an efficient compressor, may not fully capture their complex semantic and temporal distributions. To solve this problem, we propose SEmantic ANchor Graph Neural Networks (SEAN-GNN) for fine-grained emotion classification. It learns a group of representative, multi-faceted semantic anchors in the token embedding space: using these anchors as global reference, any sentence can be projected onto them to form a "semantic-anchor graph", with node attributes and edge weights quantifying semantic and temporal information, respectively. The graph structure is well aligned across sentences and, importantly, allows for generating comprehensive emotion representations regarding K different anchors. Message passing on the anchor graph can further integrate the semantic and temporal information and refine the learned features. Empirically, SEAN-GNN produces meaningful semantic anchors and discriminative graph patterns, with promising classification results on 6 popular benchmark datasets against state-of-the-arts. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Causal Label Enhancement

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IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data engineering 2025年第7期37卷 3933-3946页

作者： Liu, Xinyuan Zhu, Jihua Zheng, Qinghai Li, Zhongyu Tian, Zhiqiang Zhu, Mingchen Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Software Engineering Xi’an710049 China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing210008 China Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350025 China University of California DavisCA95616 United States

Label enhancement (LE) is still a challenging task to mitigate the dilemma of the lack of label distribution. Existing LE work typically focuses on primarily formulating a projection between feature space and label distribution space from discriminative model perspective, which preserves the relevance consistency that the sign of recovered label distribution should be consistent with the logical label. Different from previous algorithms, we formulate this problem from a causal perspective and present a novel LE method via the structured causal model (LESCM). Specifically, the proposed LESCM deliberates establishing the causal graph with assuming that label distribution is a cause of feature and logical label, which naturally satisfies the definition of label distribution learning (LDL). With capturing the underlying causal relationships, we can significantly boost the interpretability and identifiability of label enhancement. Meanwhile, except for the relevance consistency, LESCM are encouraged to sustain the order consistency that assigns higher description degree of the recovered label distribution to the positive labels, as compared with the negative labels. Empirically, sufficient experiments on several label distribution learning data sets validate the effectiveness of LESCM. © 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Competition for roadside camera monocular 3D object detection

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National science Review 2023年第6期10卷 34-37页

作者： Jinrang Jia Yifeng Shi Yuli Qu Rui Wang Xing Xu Hai Zhang Baidu Inc. Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Software Jilin University School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Pazhou Laboratory (Huangpu) School of Mathematics Northwest University

INTRODUCTION Accurate environment perception is a critical topic in autonomous driving and intelligent *** environmental perception methods mostly rely on on-board ***,limited by the installation height,thereare problems such as blind spots and unstable long-range perception in vehicle perceptual ***,with the rapid improvement of intelligent infrastructure,it has become possible to use roadside cameras for traffic environment *** from the increased height when compared with on-boardsensors,roadside cameras can obtain a larger perceptual field of view and realize long-range observation.

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An Air Quality Oriented Convolutional and Interaction Network for Traffic Flow Prediction in VANET 16

An Air Quality Oriented Convolutional and Interaction Networ...

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16th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing, WCSP 2024

作者： Cheng, Hanlin Li, Xuan Zhou, Tianqing Yao, Yu Wang, Kan Zhou, Momiao School of Information and software Engineering East China Jiaotong University Nanchang China School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan University Haikou China School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Technology Xi'an China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390643

To accurately predict traffic flow, it is necessary to take into account not only the volume of road traffic, but also external urban factors. Particularly, the correlations between urban air quality and traffic flow is particularly strong, However, due to the complexity of air composition and its nonlinear characteristics in spatial and temporal sequences, it remains underexplored in current research efforts. In this paper, we propose an air quality oriented convolutional and interaction network for traffic flow prediction in Vehicular ad-hoc network, AQCInet, which captures feature information from both types of data using convolutional block, integrates this feature information with interaction networks, and effectively represents the long-term and short-term dependencies in the sequential data, ulti-mately outputting short-term traffic flow prediction results. The experimental results show that AQCInet can effectively model traffic flow sequences with complex time dynamics by aggregating rich features from multiple resolutions. Compared with existing model, our proposed model significantly improves RMSE, MSE, and MAE through jointly considerations of the relationship between air quality, various air component concentrations, and traffic flow. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicular ad hoc networks

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Fairness with adaptive weight in network attack detection 29

Fairness with adaptive weight in network attack detection

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29th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2023

作者： Wen, Xuezhi Wang, Nan Sun, Yuanlin Xu, Fan Zhang, Dalin Zhao, Xibin Beijing Jiaotong University School of Software Engineering Beijing China University of Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui China Tsinghua University School of Software Engineering Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330717

Network attacks aim to exploit vulnerabilities inherent in network protocols, which is widely used in many real-world applications. In the process of network anomaly detection, most methods train the model by minimizing the average empirical risk of all samples. However, due to the uneven distribution of samples from different protocols, detection models tend to be biased against minority protocols groups. To address this issue, we propose an adaptive weight assignment method for network attack detection, which emphasizes more on error-prone samples in prediction and enhances adequate representation of minority groups for fairness. We conduct experiments on two widely used datasets, KDD and NSLKDD. According to the results, our method achieves better performance than state-of-the-art methods for classification and regression tasks, and is robust to label noise in the test dataset. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive weight Attack detection Fairness

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Few-shot Message-Enhanced Contrastive Learning for Graph Anomaly Detection 29

Few-shot Message-Enhanced Contrastive Learning for Graph Ano...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2023

作者： Xu, Fan Wang, Nan Wen, Xuezhi Gao, Meiqi Guo, Chaoqun Zhao, Xibin University of Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Software Engineering Beijing China Tsinghua University School of Software Engineering Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330717

Graph anomaly detection plays a crucial role in identifying exceptional instances in graph data that deviate significantly from the majority. It has gained substantial attention in various domains of information security, including network intrusion, financial fraud, and malicious comments, et al. Existing methods are primarily developed in an unsupervised manner due to the challenge in obtaining labeled data. For lack of guidance from prior knowledge in unsupervised manner, the identified anomalies may prove to be data noise or individual data instances. In real-world scenarios, a limited batch of labeled anomalies can be captured, making it crucial to investigate the few-shot problem in graph anomaly detection. Taking advantage of this potential, we propose a novel few-shot Graph Anomaly Detection model called FMGAD (Few-shot Message-Enhanced Contrastive-based Graph Anomaly Detector). FMGAD leverages a self-supervised contrastive learning strategy within and across views to capture intrinsic and transferable structural representations. Furthermore, we propose the Deep-GNN message-enhanced reconstruction module, which extensively exploits the few-shot label information and enables long-range propagation to disseminate supervision signals to deeper unlabeled nodes. This module in turn assists in the training of self-supervised contrastive learning. Comprehensive experimental results on six real-world datasets demonstrate that FMGAD can achieve better performance than other state-of-the-art methods, regardless of artificially injected anomalies or domain-organic anomalies. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep-GNN few-shot graph anomaly detection

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