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作者： Ou, Zhenhua Liu, Xueting Li, Chengze Wen, Zhenkun Li, Ping Gao, Zhijian Wu, Huisi College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China School of Computing and Information Sciences Saint Francis University Hong Kong Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong College of Electronic and Information Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

Semantic segmentation is an important approach to present the perceptual semantic understanding of an image, which is of significant usage in various applications. Especially, body part segmentation is designed for segmenting body parts of human characters to assist different editing tasks, such as style editing, pose transfer, and animation production. Since segmentation requires pixel-level precision in semantic labeling, classic heuristics-based methods generally have unstable performance. With the deployment of deep learning, a great step has been taken in segmenting body parts of human characters in natural photographs. However, the existing models are purely trained on natural photographs and generally obtain incorrect segmentation results when applied on anime character images, due to the large visual gap between training data and testing data. In this article, we present a novel approach to achieving body part segmentation of cartoon characters via a pose-based graph-cut formulation. We demonstrate the use of the acquired body part segmentation map in various image editing tasks, including conditional generation, style manipulation, pose transfer, and video-to-anime. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Multi-View Representation Learning for Multi-Instance Learning with Applications to Medical Image Classification

Multi-View Representation Learning for Multi-Instance Learni...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022

作者： Zhao, Lu Yuan, Liming Li, Zhenliang Wen, Xianbin School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China School of Computer and Information Engineering Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin300384 China Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System Ministry of Education Tianjin300384 China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology Tianjin300384 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468190

Multi-Instance Learning (MIL) is a weakly supervised learning paradigm, in which every training example is a labeled bag of unlabeled instances. In typical MIL applications, instances are often used for describing the features of regions/parts in a whole object, e.g., regional patches/lesions in an eye-fundus image. However, for a (semantically) complex part the standard MIL formulation puts a heavy burden on the representation ability of the corresponding instance. To alleviate this pressure, we still adopt a bag-of-instances as an example in this paper, but extract from each instance a set of representations using 1 times1 convolutions. The advantages of this tactic are two-fold: i) This set of representations can be regarded as multi-view representations for an instance;ii) Compared to building multi-view representations directly from scratch, extracting them automatically using 1 times1 convolutions is more economical, and may be more effective since 1 times1 convolutions can be embedded into the whole network. Furthermore, we apply two consecutive multi-instance pooling operations on the reconstituted bag that has actually become a bag of sets of multi-view representations. We have conducted extensive experiments on several canonical MIL data sets from different application domains. The experimental results show that the proposed framework outperforms the standard MIL formulation in terms of classification performance and has good interpretability. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Understanding Heterophily for Graph Neural Networks 41

Understanding Heterophily for Graph Neural Networks

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Wang, Junfu Guo, Yuanfang Yang, Liang Wang, Yunhong State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Shen Yuan Honors College Beihang University Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence Hebei University of Technology Tianjin China

Graphs with heterophily have been regarded as challenging scenarios for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), where nodes are connected with dissimilar neighbors through various patterns. In this paper, we present theoretical understandings of heterophily for GNNs by incorporating the graph convolution (GC) operations into fully connected networks via the proposed Heterophilous Stochastic Block Models (HSBM), a general random graph model that can accommodate diverse heterophily patterns. Our theoretical investigation comprehensively analyze the impact of heterophily from three critical aspects. Firstly, for the impact of different heterophily patterns, we show that the separability gains are determined by two factors, i.e., the Euclidean distance of the neighborhood distributions and pE [deg], where E [deg] is the averaged node degree. Secondly, we show that the neighborhood inconsistency has a detrimental impact on separability, which is similar to degrading E [deg] by a specific factor. Finally, for the impact of stacking multiple layers, we show that the separability gains are determined by the normalized distance of the lpowered neighborhood distributions, indicating that nodes still possess separability in various regimes, even when over-smoothing occurs. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world data verify the effectiveness of our theory. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

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Deep Multi-Instance Learning with Adaptive Recurrent Pooling for Medical Image Classification

Deep Multi-Instance Learning with Adaptive Recurrent Pooling...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022

作者： Ding, Yi Zhao, Lu Yuan, Liming Wen, Xianbin School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China School of Computer and Information Engineering Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin300384 China Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System Ministry of Education Tianjin300384 China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology Tianjin300384 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468190

Recently, deep multi-instance neural networks have been successfully applied for medical image classification, where only image-level labels rather than fine-grained patch-level labels are available for use. One key issue for these multi-instance neural networks is how to aggregate all patch (instance) features into an entire image (bag) representation, referred to as multi-instance pooling, e.g., max, mean, and attention based pooling. Nevertheless, these multi-instance pooling operations do not take the structural information within an image into account. This is obviously inappropriate for medical image classification since there often exist certain dependencies among regional patches/lesions. We propose an adaptive recurrent pooling based deep multi-instance neural network in this paper. In this network, we first extract multi-view global structural features from every bag using the self-attention mechanism, and then aggregate these multi-view features into a whole bag representation based on the adaptive recurrent pooling operation in order to further capture the contextual information within the bag. Moreover, we introduce the cross-normalization operation used in the Unit Force Operated Vision Transformer into the self-attention module to reduce its computational complexity. We have experimentally evaluated the performance of the proposed network on three medical image datasets, namely UCSB breast, Messidor, and Colon cancer. The results demonstrate the advantage of our network over current state-of-the-art deep multi-instance networks in terms of classification accuracy and interpretability. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Aggregates

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ACDR-CRAFF Net: A Multi-Scale Network Based on Adaptive Channel and Coordinate Relational Attention Network for Remote Sensing Scene Classification

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IET Image Processing 2025年第1期19卷

作者： Dai, Wei Xu, Haixia Shi, Furong Yuan, Liming Wang, Xinyu Wen, Xianbin School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin China Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System Ministry of Education Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin China

Accurate classification of remote sensing scene images is crucial for diverse applications, from environmental monitoring to urban planning. While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have dramatically improved classification accuracy, challenges remain due to the complex distribution of small objects, varied spatial configurations, and intra-class multimodality in remote sensing images. In this work, we make three key contributions to address these challenges. (1) We propose the adaptive channel and coordinate relational attention network (ACDR-CRAFF), a novel multi-scale feature fusion framework designed to enhance feature representation across scales. (2) We introduce two innovative modules: the adaptive channel dimensionality reduction (ACDR) module, which dynamically adjusts channel representations to retain essential low-dimensional features, and the coordinate relational attention multi-scale feature fusion (CRAFF) module, which effectively captures and transfers spatial information between feature levels. (3) By integrating ACDR and CRAFF, our model achieves a progressive fusion of local to global features, ensuring robust feature expressiveness at multiple scales. Experimental results on four widely used benchmark datasets demonstrate that ACDR-CRAFF consistently outperforms several state-of-the-art methods, achieving significant improvements in classification accuracy and setting a new benchmark for complex remote sensing scene classification tasks. These results underscore the effectiveness of our approach in addressing the limitations of existing methods and advancing the state of the art in remote sensing image analysis. © 2025 The Author(s). IET Image Processing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： Photointerpretation

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A Snake-Inspired Collision-Free Path Planning Algorithm and Experiments for Hyper-Redundant Manipulators

A Snake-Inspired Collision-Free Path Planning Algorithm and ...

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IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation

作者： Yiqun Yin Lei Yang Yunze Ma Junjie Zhu Xiaoxuan Zhao Jiabao Zhu Linhui Zhang School of Software Tiangong University Tianjin China School of Electrical Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin China School of Computer Tiangong University Tianjin China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350388077

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388084

The detection of complex and confined spaces has always been a significant challenge in specialized operations and the industrial sector. Hyper-redundant Manipulators , with their high flexibility and high fault tolerance, hold promising application prospects in complex constrained spaces. However, the hyper-redundant structure poses substantial challenges to its inverse kinematics, making it difficult to achieve precise control and trajectory planning in restricted spaces. This paper presents a Self-motion Searching and Clawing (SSC) algorithm to fast plan the collision-free path for the hyper-redundant manipulators. First, The algorithmic strategy of SSC, inspired by the movement of snakes, is introduced, and a physical experimental system is constructed to verify its efficacy. Second, the gravity compensation function is implemented to ensure the control accuracy of the experimental system under the interference of gravity. Third, various experiments are conducted to verify and analyze the capability of exploring the complex environments. As a result, both the straight pipe and the narrow curved pipe are successfully explored to the target positions without collision.

关键词： Fault tolerance Mechatronics Automation Trajectory planning Fault tolerant systems Kinematics Interference

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BOAformer: Object Detection Network Based on Background-Object Attention Transformer

BOAformer: Object Detection Network Based on Background-Obje...

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International Conference on Communications, Information System and computer engineering (CISCE)

作者： Yong Yang Chenbin Liang Shuying Huang Xiaozheng Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Tiangong University Tianjin China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin China School of Software Tiangong University Tianjin China School of Control Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350353174

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353181

At present, deep learning has achieved great success in the field of object detection. To ensure that positive samples in the image are not missed, most deep-learning object detection methods set many prediction boxes and use the same prediction operation on them. Although these methods can obtain higher predictive values for high certainty objects, they may identify objects with lower certainty, such as small or fuzzy objects, as negative samples or miss them. To address this issue, this paper presents an object detection network based on background-object attention transformer (BOAformer), which improves the accuracy of object detection by establishing the relationship between background and object features. Firstly, the existing classification model is employed to obtain scores of object prediction boxes. On this basis, a scoring mechanism is designed to filter out high scoring object prediction boxes to reduce the computational complexity of the later network. Then, to improve the accuracy of object detection, BOAformer is constructed, which obtains auxiliary classification values of objects by learning the relationship between background and object features, and adds them to the initial detection results. Finally, many experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of BOAformer. The experimental results show that the designed network improves the accuracy of object detection and can detect small or lost objects in the background.

关键词： Training Visualization Accuracy Computational modeling Semantic segmentation Object detection Predictive models

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Enhanced Multidimensional Harmonic Retrieval in MIMO Wireless Channel Sounding

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16243-16255页

作者： Zhang, Yanming Xu, Wenchao Jin, A-Long Tang, Tianquan Li, Min Ma, Peifeng Jiang, Lijun Gao, Steven The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electronic Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Computing Hong Kong Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Department of Communications and Networking Suzhou215123 China HKU Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation Lab for Aerodynamics and Acoustics Hangzhou311305 China Tianjin University School of Microelectronics Tianjin300000 China Institute of Space and Earth Information Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Geography and Resource Management Hong Kong Missouri University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering RollaMO65409 United States

This article introduces a recursive parallel dynamic mode decomposition (RPDMD) scheme tailored for multidimensional harmonic retrieval (MHR), specifically applied to MIMO wireless channel sounding. The RPDMD algorithm is devised to address the complexities inherent in multidimensional scenarios, leveraging the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) framework within a recursive parallel structure. Initially, the observed tensorial multidimensional harmonic data is transformed into a 2-D matrix format along the rth dimension. Subsequently, DMD dissects this matrix data into eigenvalues and their associated modes. The real and imaginary components of the DMD eigenvalues yield damping factors and frequencies in the rth dimension, respectively. Furthermore, recursive DMD is employed to scrutinize each mode independently for parameter retrieval across the remaining dimensions, enabling parallel analysis. Ultimately, this high-dimensional correlated decomposition scheme delivers paired damping factors and frequencies for all tones. Notably, the proposed approach can ascertain the number of tones in undamped sinusoidal signals, making it particularly suitable for MHR even without prior knowledge of the source count. Numerical experiments demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the RPDMD scheme, with comparative analysis indicating that RPDMD outperforms similar methods, achieving optimal results with minimal mean square error in high signal-to-noise ratio scenarios. This work presents an effective data-driven solution for the MHR problem in MIMO wireless channel sounding. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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FGRL-Net: Fine-Grained Personalized Patient Representation Learning for Clinical Risk Prediction Based on EHRs

FGRL-Net: Fine-Grained Personalized Patient Representation L...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2023

作者： Chio, KaKit Zhu, Wenhao He, Lihua Zhang, Dian Yang, Xu Luo, Wuman Macao Polytechnic University Faculty of Applied Sciences S.A.R Macao China School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Province China Shenzhen University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337020

Personalized patient representation learning (PPRL) is a critical element in clinical risk prediction. It aims to obtain a complete portrait of each patient based on Electronic Health Records (EHR). Although existing works have achieved remarkable progress in healthcare prediction, there are still three major issues. First, feature correlation is crucial for risk prediction, but it has not yet been fully exploited by existing works. Second, variation pattern of dynamic feature contains useful information about patient's physical status, but adaptive pattern recognition is still a challenge. Third, existing works usually adopt a two-stage embedding process to process each dimension of the EHR data. However, some useful low-level information for PPRL will be lost. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose a fine-grained PPRL architecture named FG RL- N et for clinical risk prediction based on EHR. Specifically, we propose a Medical Feature Correlation Detection Module (FCM) to effectively learn the feature correlations for each patient and a Temporal Variation Pattern Recognition Module (TVM) to effectively detect the variation patterns of each dynamic feature. Moreover, we design a Fine-Grained Representation Mechanism (FGRM) to preserve the low-level information (from both feature and visit dimensions) useful for risk prediction. In addition, in the stage of data preprocessing, We utilize generic medical classification knowledge to classify numerical dynamic data. We conduct the in-hospital mortality experiment and the decompensation experiment on a real-world dataset. The experiment results show that the FGRL-Net outperforms state-of-the-art approaches. The source code is provided in github https://***/JackyChio/FGRL-Net. © 2023 IEEE.

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ML-based Privacy Leakage Behavior Detection in Android Apps at Scale 19

ML-based Privacy Leakage Behavior Detection in Android Apps ...

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2022 IEEE SmartWorld, 19th IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Autonomous and Trusted Vehicles Conference, 22nd IEEE International Conference on Scalable Computing and Communications, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Digital Twin, 8th IEEE International Conference on Privacy Computing and 2022 IEEE International Conference on Metaverse, SmartWorld/UIC/ATC/ScalCom/DigitalTwin/PriComp/Metaverse 2022

作者： Bu, ZhiLiang Zhao, Chunlei Gong, Liangyi Wang, Yan Yang, Yi Wang, Xi Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology Ministry of Education Tianjin China Tianjin University of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin China Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Southeast University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346558

In recent years, Android application privacy leaking issues frequently occur, with the results that privacy leakage detection becomes a critical role in app market security review, and numerous mobile apps have been removed from the app stores as a consequence. At the same time, manual review is still considered as a main method for market security audit, but it would cause low efficiency and high false positive when faced with thousands of auditing tasks. To overcome the above problems, this paper implements a large volume, automated detection of privacy leaks in Android applications via machine learning algorithms. In order to achieve a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of application behavior features, firstly, 2346 benign software from app market and 1912 malware identified by a national regulatory authority as leaking privacy in the past two years were selected and studied using a hybrid static-dynamic analysis. Then by developing novel sensitivity criteria, we opt privacy-sensitive key permissions and API calls that are highly relevant to privacy leakage behavior. Moreover, in order to improve the practicability of our system, this thesis systematically optimize the application exerciser on the Android emulator, and achieve average per-app analysis time with less than 2 minutes. Finally, the results of the comparison experiments reveal that the stacking ensemble learning algorithm displayed the best classification performance and achieved 97.81% in accuracy of privacy leakage behavior detection. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Application programs

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