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15th Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2006

作者： He, Jing Liu, Yuan Network and Distribution System Laboratory School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Peking University China

This paper describes the architecture and implementation of Tianwang QA system2006, which works for the TREC QA Main task this year. The main improvement is: 1. add one well founded knowledge source from Web - Wikipedia, and employ some natural language processing technologies to extract high quality answers;2. design and implement a new translation algorithm in query generation. The results show that fine organized knowledge source is effective in answering all three types of questions. And such query generation algorithm can be benefit from both Frequent Asked Questions on Web and past TREC QA data.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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A HW/SW partitioner for multi-mode multi-task embedded applications

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Journal of VLSI Signal Processing systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 2006年第3期44卷 269-283页

作者： Kim, Young-Jun Kim, Taewhan CAE Center System LSI Division Samsung Electronics Suwon Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

An embedded system is called a multi-mode embedded system if it performs multiple applications by dynamically reconfiguring the system functionality. Further, the embedded system is called a multi-mode multi-task embedded system if it additionally supports multiple tasks to be executed in a mode. In this paper, we address an important HW/SW partitioning problem, that is, HW/SW partitioning of multi-mode multi-task embedded applications with timing constraints of tasks. The objective of the optimization problem is to find a minimal total system cost of allocation/mapping of processing resources to functional modules in tasks together with a schedule that satisfies the timing constraints. The key success of solving the problem is closely related to the degree of the amount of utilization of the potential parallelism among the executions of modules. However, due to an inherently excessively large search space of the parallelism, and to make the task of schedulability analysis easy, the prior HW/SW partitioning methods have not been able to fully exploit the potential parallel execution of modules. To overcome the limitation, we propose a set of comprehensive HW/SW partitioning techniques which solve the three subproblems of the partitioning problem simultaneously: (1) allocation of processing resources, (2) mapping the processing resources to the modules in tasks, and (3) determining an execution schedule of modules. Specifically, based on a precise measurement on the parallel execution and schedulability of modules, we develop a stepwise refinement partitioning technique for single-mode multi-task applications, which aims to solve the subproblems 1, 2 and 3 effectively in an integrated fashion. The proposed techniques is then extended to solve the HW/SW partitioning problem of multi-mode multi-task applications (i.e., to find a globally optimized allocation/mapping of processing resources with feasible execution schedule of modules). From experiments with a set of rea

关键词： Embedded systems

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Resource sharing combined with layout effects in high-level synthesis

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Journal of VLSI Signal Processing systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 2006年第3期44卷 231-243页

作者： Um, Junhyung Kim, Taewhan System LSI Division CAE Center Samsung Electronics Suwon Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

In deep-submicron designs, the interconnects are equally as or more important than the logic gates. In particular, to achieve timing closure, it is necessary and critical to consider the interconnect delay at an early stage of the synthesis process. It has been known that resource sharing in high-level synthesis is one of the major synthesis tasks which greatly affect the final synthesis/layout results. In this paper, we propose a new layout-aware resource sharing approach to overcome some of the limitations of the previous works in which the effects of layout on the synthesis have never been taken into account or considered in local and limited ways, or whose computation time is excessively large. The proposed approach consists of two steps: (Step 1) We relax the integrated resource sharing and placement into an efficient linear programming (LP) formulation based on the concept of discretisizing placement space;(Step 2) We derive a feasible solution from the solution obtained in Step 1. Then, we employ an iterative mechanism based on the two steps to tightly integrate resource sharing and placement tasks so that the slack time violation due to interconnect delay (determined by placement) as well as logic delay (determined by resource sharing) should be minimized. From experiments using a set of benchmark designs, it is shown that the approach is effective, and efficient, completely removing the slack time violation produced by conventional methods. © 2006 Springer science + Business Media, LLC.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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Advanced functions of the scanning laser range sensor for environment recognition in mobile robots

Advanced functions of the scanning laser range sensor for en...

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2006 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent systems, MFI

作者： Kawata, Hirohiko Kamimura, Satofumi Ohya, Akihisa Iijima, Jun'ich Yuta, Shin'ich Department of Computer Science Graduate School of System and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Department of Intelligent Interaction Technologies Graduate School of System and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Mechanical Engineering Research Laboratory Hitachi Ltd. Hitachinaka Japan Faculty of Information Science Meisei University Hino Japan

ISBN: (纸本)1424405661

We have developed scanning laser range sensor called "SOKUIKI" sensor which is ultra-small scanning laser range sensor adopted for various types of mobile robots as we have already published. As a sensor for environment recognition, we thought the sensor must have not only outputting distance data but also another helpful function for mobile robots. So it was considered that what kind of advanced functions should be provided to SOKUIKI sensor. As a result two most important purposes were acquired. 1. Variation on its distance data and method to get the data. 2. The function for prevention of optical interference between sensors. These rolls were installed to the sensor, and confirmed their effect. This paper describes its result and proposes Sensor Communication Interface Protocol (SCIP) which is developed as new command system just for SOKUIKI sensor. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile robots

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Development of extended T-DMB platform based on WIPI for interactive mobile broadcasting services

Development of extended T-DMB platform based on WIPI for int...

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International Conference on Consumer Electronics, ICCE '06

作者： Bae, Byungjun Kim, Woosuk Ann, Choonhyun Lee, Soo In Sohng, Kyu-Ik Broadcasting System Research Group Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kyungpook National University Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)0780394593

In this paper, we present the architecture of the interactive T-DMB system using the CDMA network for the new interactive broadcasting services. We also propose the structure of the new platform based on WIPI to link broadcasting and telecommunication. We verify the proposed platform with various interactive data contents after implementing it. This shows the possibilities of new interactive services in the digital broadcasting by utilizing the mobility of T-DMB and CDMA. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile antennas

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Topological localization based on salient regions in unknown environments

Topological localization based on salient regions in unknown...

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18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2006

作者： Lu, Wang Yuling, Li Zixing, Cai Center of Intelligent System and Software School of Information Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha Hunan province China Department of Computer Science ZhongYuan University of Technology Zhengzhou Henan province China

ISBN: (纸本)0769525210

This paper presents a new topological localization system for mobile robot navigation based on salient visual regions. These salient regions are obtained by computing the opponencies of color and texture among multi-scale image spaces. Then they are organized to construct the vertex of topological map using hidden Markov model. So localization problem can be transformed to the evaluation problem of HMM. In our system, the topological map of environment can be created online and the robot locates itself concurrently. Experiments show that higher ratio of vertex recognition, that is localization, is obtained. And our system can guarantee mobile robot navigation safely in unknown environments. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Pattern recognition

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An energy-efficient partitioned instruction cache architecture for embedded processors

An energy-efficient partitioned instruction cache architectu...

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作者： Kim, CheolHong Chung, SungWoo Jhon, ChuShik CAE Center System LSI Division Samsung Electronics Yongin-Si Gyeonggi-Do 449-711 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Korea University Anam-dong Syngbuk-ku Seoul 136-701 Korea Republic of School of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Republic of Samsung Electronics Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Korea University Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Korea Republic of

Energy efficiency of cache memories is crucial in designing embedded processors. Reducing energy consumption in the instruction cache is especially important, since the instruction cache consumes a significant portion of total processor energy. This paper proposes a new instruction cache architecture, named Partitioned Instruction Cache (PI-Cache), for reducing dynamic energy consumption in the instruction cache by partitioning it to smaller (less power-consuming) sub-caches. When the proposed PI-Cache is accessed, only one sub-cache is accessed by utilizing the temporal/spatial locality of applications. In the meantime, other sub-caches are not accessed, leading to dynamic energy reduction. The PI-Cache also reduces dynamic energy consumption by eliminating the energy consumed in tag lookup and comparison. Moreover, the performance gap between the conventional instruction cache and the proposed PI-Cache becomes little when the physical cache access time is considered. We evaluated the energy efficiency by running a cycle accurate simulator. SimpleScalar, with power parameters obtained from CACTI. Simulation results show that the PI-Cache improves the energy-delay product by 20%-54% compared to the conventional direct-mapped instruction cache. Copyright © 2006 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers.

关键词： computer architecture

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REPLICA2Pro: Task relocation by bitstream manipulation in virtex-II/Pro FPGAs

REPLICA2Pro: Task relocation by bitstream manipulation in vi...

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3rd Conference on Computing Frontiers 2006, CF '06

作者： Kalte, Heiko Porrmann, Mario University of Western Australia School of Computer Science and Software Engineering 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Heinz Nixdorf Institute System and Circuit Technology University of Paderborn 33102 Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)1595933026

One vision of dynamic hardware reconfiguration is to deliver virtually unlimited hardware resources to a set of hardware tasks implementing arbitrary functions. By using partial reconfiguration, these tasks can be allocated and de-allocated on the reconfigurable architecture while others continue to operate. However, the exact placement of each task can only be determined during runtime according to the current resource allocation. This requires relocating each task from its original position after place and route to an area of available resources. The process of relocating tasks can result in a major time overhead. In order to solve this problem we have developed the REPLICA2Pro (Relocation per online Configuration Alteration in Virtex-2/-Pro) filter, which is capable of performing task relocations by manipulating the task's bitstream during the regular allocation process without any extra time overhead. The filter architecture, our reconfigurable system approach as well as our design flow and an experimental system setup are presented in this paper. Copyright 2006 ACM.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Deterioration of insulated wire by corona discharge

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IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 2006年第12期126卷 1261-1266+10页

作者： Yamashita, Takahiko Ishihara, Takeshi Kawaguchi, Masashi Fujishima, Tomoyuki Matsuo, Hisao Furuta, Masakazu Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkvo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Graduate School of Science and Technology Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan Department of System Science Graduate School of Science and Technology Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan Kumamoto Branch Kyushu Electric Power Co. Inc. 1-6-36 Kamisuizennzimati Kumamoto 862-0951 Japan

In relation to the accidents due to bird nests in contact with overhead distribution lines, the authors investigated on deterioration of covered conductor by corona discharge. To simulate the situation where conductive nest material such as wire is in contact with both of an arm and a covered conductor, a copper wire was wound around the covered conductor and was grounded through a resistor which is used to observe corona discharge current waveform. The state of normal operation of 6.6 kV distribution line was considered and A.C. 3.8 kV was applied between the conductor and the ground. Weak corona discharge was observed. In order to carry out the acceleration test, A.C. 6.6 kV was applied. The insulation was punctured after 3760 hours. From the observation of cumulative charge by corona discharge the acceleration factor was estimated about 4. From the acceleration factor estimated, the life of conductor cover will be 627 days.

关键词： Electric wire

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Residual stress evaluation of thin film using strip bending test

Residual stress evaluation of thin film using strip bending ...

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作者： Kim, Jae-Hyun Lee, Hak-Joo Han, Seung-Woo Kim, Jong-Man Baek, Chang-Wook Nano Mechanical System Research Center Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials 171 Jang-dong Yusung-gu Daejeon 305-343 Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Korea Republic of School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chung-Ang University Korea Republic of

In this study, we use the strip-bending test to measure the residual stress of a thin film structure. The principle of the strip bending test and the test procedures are described and the analysis of the strip deformation is presented. The explicit formula for estimating the residual stress is given, which requires the initial stress as an input. As an example, the E-beam evaporated Au thin film is chosen, and the residual stress is measured by the present method. The Au thin film structure has a tensile or compressive residual stress depending on the film thickness. The tensile and the compressive residual stresses of Au thin film are successfully measured by the present method.

关键词： Thin films

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