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Answering reachability queries with ordered label constraints over labeled graphs

Frontiers of computer science 2024年第1期18卷 105-117页

作者： Daoliang HE Pingpeng YUAN Hai JIN National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System LabCluster and Grid Computing LabSchool of Computer Science&TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Reachability query plays a vital role in many graph analysis *** researches proposed many methods to efficiently answer reachability queries between vertex *** many real graphs are labeled graph,it highly demands Label-Constrained Reachability(LCR)query inwhich constraint includes a set of labels besides vertex *** researches proposed several methods for answering some LCR queries which require appearance of some labels specified in constraints in the *** that constraint may be a label set,query constraint may be ordered labels,namely OLCR(Ordered-Label-Constrained Reachability)queries which retrieve paths matching a sequence of ***,no solutions are available for ***,we propose DHL,a novel bloom filter based indexing technique for answering OLCR *** can be used to check reachability between vertex *** the answers are not no,then constrained DFS is ***,we employ DHL followed by performing constrained DFS to answer OLCR *** show that DHL has a bounded false positive rate,and it's powerful in saving indexing time and *** experiments on 10 real-life graphs and 12 synthetic graphs demonstrate that DHL achieves about 4.8-22.5 times smaller index space and 4.6-114 times less index construction time than two state-of-art techniques for LCR queries,while achieving comparable query response *** results also show that our algorithm can answer OLCR queries effectively.

关键词： graph ordered-label-constrained reachability partial index bloom filter query processing

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Slender loris optimization algorithm for solving optimization problems

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy systems 2024年第4期46卷 8799-8810页

作者： Lakshmi, A. Vijaya Vaitheki, K. Joseph, K. Suresh Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and Technology Pondicherry University India

Over the years, numerous optimization problems have been addressed utilizing meta-heuristic algorithms. Continuing initiatives have always been to create and develop new, practical algorithms. This work proposes a novel meta-heuristic approach employing the slender Loris optimization algorithm (SLOA), miming slender Loris behavior. The behavior includes foraging, hunting, migration and communication with each other. The ultimate goal of the devised algorithm is to replicate the food-foraging behaviour of Slender Loris (SL) and the quick movement of SL when threatened (i.e.) their escape from predators and also mathematically modelled the special communication techniques of SL using their urine scent smell. SLOA modelled SL’s slow food foraging behaviour as the exploitation phase, and moving between the tree and escaping from a predator is modelled as the exploration phase. The Eyesight of slender Loris plays a vital role in food foraging during nighttime in dim light. The operator’s Eyesight is modelled based on the angle of inclination of SL. The urine scent intensity is used here to be instrumental in preventing already exploited territory activities, which improves algorithm performance. The suggested algorithm is assessed and tested against nineteen benchmark test operations and evaluated for effectiveness with standard widely recognized meta-heuristics algorithms. The result shows SLOA performing better and achieving near-optimal solutions and dominance in exploration–exploitation balance in most cases than the existing state-of-the-art algorithms. © 2024 – IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Unsupervised spectral feature selection algorithms for high dimensional data

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Frontiers of computer science 2023年第5期17卷 27-40页

作者： Mingzhao WANG Henry HAN Zhao HUANG Juanying XIE School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Department of Computer Science School of Engineering&Computer ScienceBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA

It is a significant and challenging task to detect the informative features to carry out explainable analysis for high dimensional data,especially for those with very small number of *** selection especially the unsupervised ones are the right way to deal with this challenge and realize the ***,two unsupervised spectral feature selection algorithms are proposed in this *** group features using advanced Self-Tuning spectral clustering algorithm based on local standard deviation,so as to detect the global optimal feature clusters as far as *** two feature ranking techniques,including cosine-similarity-based feature ranking and entropy-based feature ranking,are proposed,so that the representative feature of each cluster can be detected to comprise the feature subset on which the explainable classification system will be *** effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is tested on high dimensional benchmark omics datasets and compared to peer methods,and the statistical test are conducted to determine whether or not the proposed spectral feature selection algorithms are significantly different from those of the peer *** extensive experiments demonstrate the proposed unsupervised spectral feature selection algorithms outperform the peer ones in comparison,especially the one based on cosine similarity feature ranking *** statistical test results show that the entropy feature ranking based spectral feature selection algorithm performs *** detected features demonstrate strong discriminative capabilities in downstream classifiers for omics data,such that the AI system built on them would be reliable and *** is especially significant in building transparent and trustworthy medical diagnostic systems from an interpretable AI perspective.

关键词： feature selection spectral clustering feature ranking techniques entropy cosine similarity

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A Low Resource Multi-lingual Simultaneous Script Identification and Text Recognition Model

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SN computer science 2024年第6期5卷 740页

作者： Mukherjee, Jayati Roy, Utpal Computer Science and Engineering Academy of Technology Department of computer and system sciences Visva-bharati

In this paper, we have proposed a multi-task learning model for multi-lingual Optical Character Recognition. Our model does the script identification and text recognition simultaneously of offline machine printed documents. We have extracted the spatial and temporal features of a line image by the combination of several CNN and BLSTM layers. The feature is shared between the script identification and text recognition modules. Fully connected layer and softmax identify the script. The identified script works as a case selector for the text recognizer which is a CTC layer. Finally, the text is identified by the text recognizer. The model is applied to two public datasets: ISIDDI, RETAS containing Bengali degraded, and English pages. We have created a dataset of Devnagari/Hindi and Tamil scripts to test our model. The model has achieved 99.2% accuracy for script recognition. The achieved text recognition accuracy on the scripts Bengali, English, Hindi, and Tamil are respectively 91.68%, 97.07%, 95.68% and 92.27%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Deep learning Multi-task learning Optical character recognition

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Resource investment for DDoS attack resistant SDN: a practical assessment

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 112-129页

作者： Bin YUAN Fan ZHANG Jun WAN Huan ZHAO Shui YU Deqing ZOU Qiangsheng HUA Hai JIN School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science University of Technology Sydney

Software-defined networks(SDNs) present a novel network architecture that is widely used in various datacenters. However, SDNs also suffer from many types of security threats, among which a distributed denial of service(DDoS) attack, which aims to drain the resources of SDN switches and controllers,is one of the most common. Once the switch or controller is damaged, the network services can be *** defense schemes against DDoS attacks have been proposed from the perspective of attack detection;however, such defense schemes are known to suffer from a time consuming and unpromising accuracy, which could result in an unavailable network service before specific countermeasures are taken. To address this issue through a systematic investigation, we propose an elaborate resource-management mechanism against DDoS attacks in an SDN. Specifically, by considering the SDN topology, we leverage the M/M/c queuing model to measure the resistance of an SDN to DDoS attacks. Network administrators can therefore invest a reasonable number of resources into SDN switches and SDN controllers to defend against DDoS attacks while guaranteeing the quality of service(QoS). Comprehensive analyses and empirical data-based experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： SDN security DDoS attacks resource management queueing theory QoS

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The Challenges and Opportunities of Smart Cities Infrastructure

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SN computer science 2024年第6期5卷 713页

作者： Abuali, Amer Alharthi, Wejdan Althbyani, Mariam Ghabban, Fahad Ameerbakhsh, Omair Alfadli, Ibrahim Al-Shehri, Ashwaq Hasen Fallatah, Najmah Adel College of Computer Science and Engineering Information System Department Taibah University

Information communications technology (ICT) refers to the technology used for communication and managing information must be utilized to enhance the environment, economics, mobility, and governance, among other facets of urban life, in order to create smart cities. However this progress is frequently accompanied by a number of challenges and unfavorable outcomes. This study aims to uncover ICT difficulties related to smart city infrastructure through an extensive literature review. In addition, a survey was carried out among Saudi nationals to find out what they thought about, anticipated, and worried about in terms of smart city concepts and features. The study also looked at a literature checklist of ICT problems, which included dangers to information security, incompatibilities across systems, privacy concerns, and deficiencies in digital capabilities. Based on the findings it appears that privacy breaches and information security concerns are the most important issues. This is explained by heightened susceptibility and potential, cyberattacks and a pervasive ignorance of the protection of personal data. Because of the anticipated high costs and difficulties with adaption and utilization, the public is concerned about incompatibility between systems and services. Furthermore, older individuals and those with lesser educational achievement have different digital skills. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Compatibility ICT challenges Information insecurity Privacy Smart city Technology skills

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Japanese Sign Language Recognition by Combining Joint Skeleton-Based Handcrafted and Pixel-Based Deep Learning Features with Machine Learning Classification

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2605-2625页

作者： Jungpil Shin Md.Al Mehedi Hasan Abu Saleh Musa Miah Kota Suzuki Koki Hirooka School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of AizuAizuwakamatsu965-8580Japan Department of Computer Science&Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering&TechnologyRajshahi6204Bangladesh

Sign language recognition is vital for enhancing communication accessibility among the Deaf and hard-of-hearing *** Japan,approximately 360,000 individualswith hearing and speech disabilities rely on Japanese Sign Language(JSL)for ***,existing JSL recognition systems have faced significant performance limitations due to inherent *** response to these challenges,we present a novel JSL recognition system that employs a strategic fusion approach,combining joint skeleton-based handcrafted features and pixel-based deep learning *** system incorporates two distinct streams:the first stream extracts crucial handcrafted features,emphasizing the capture of hand and body movements within JSL ***,a deep learning-based transfer learning stream captures hierarchical representations of JSL gestures in the second ***,we concatenated the critical information of the first stream and the hierarchy of the second stream features to produce the multiple levels of the fusion features,aiming to create a comprehensive representation of the JSL *** reducing the dimensionality of the feature,a feature selection approach and a kernel-based support vector machine(SVM)were used for the *** assess the effectiveness of our approach,we conducted extensive experiments on our Lab JSL dataset and a publicly available Arabic sign language(ArSL)*** results unequivocally demonstrate that our fusion approach significantly enhances JSL recognition accuracy and robustness compared to individual feature sets or traditional recognition methods.

关键词： Japanese Sign Language(JSL) hand gesture recognition geometric feature distance feature angle feature GoogleNet

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Efficient Heuristic Replication Techniques for High Data Availability in Cloud

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computer systems science & engineering 2023年第6期45卷 3151-3164页

作者： H.L.Chandrakala R.Loganathan Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering HKBK College of EngineeringIndia

Most social networks allow connections amongst many people based on shared *** networks have to offer shared data like videos,photos with minimum latency to the group,which could be challenging as the storage cost has to be minimized and hence entire data replication is not a *** replication of data across a network of read-intensive can potentially lead to increased savings in cost and energy and reduce the end-user’s response *** simple and adaptive replication strategies exist,the solution is non-deter-ministic;the replicas of the data need to be optimized to the data usability,perfor-mance,and stability of the application *** resolve the non-deterministic issue of replication,metaheuristics are *** this work,Harmony Search and Tabu Search algorithms are used optimizing the replication process.A novel Har-mony-Tabu search is proposed for effective placement and replication of *** on large datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed *** is seen that the bandwidth saving for proposed harmony-Tabu replication per-forms better in the range of 3.57%to 18.18%for varying number of cloud data-centers when compared to simple replication,Tabu replication and Harmony replication algorithm.

关键词： Cloud computing data replication bandwidth saving Tabu search Harmony search hybrid Harmony-Tabu search

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Drug-Target Interactions Prediction Based on Signed Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 231-244页

作者： Ming CHEN Yajian JIANG Xiujuan LEI Yi PAN Chunyan JI Wei JIANG College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal University School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Computer Science Department BNU-HKBU United International College

Drug-target interactions(DTIs) prediction plays an important role in the process of drug *** computational methods treat it as a binary prediction problem, determining whether there are connections between drugs and targets while ignoring relational types information. Considering the positive or negative effects of DTIs will facilitate the study on comprehensive mechanisms of multiple drugs on a common target, in this work, we model DTIs on signed heterogeneous networks, through categorizing interaction patterns of DTIs and additionally extracting interactions within drug pairs and target protein pairs. We propose signed heterogeneous graph neural networks(SHGNNs), further put forward an end-to-end framework for signed DTIs prediction, called SHGNN-DTI,which not only adapts to signed bipartite networks, but also could naturally incorporate auxiliary information from drug-drug interactions(DDIs) and protein-protein interactions(PPIs). For the framework, we solve the message passing and aggregation problem on signed DTI networks, and consider different training modes on the whole networks consisting of DTIs, DDIs and PPIs. Experiments are conducted on two datasets extracted from Drug Bank and related databases, under different settings of initial inputs, embedding dimensions and training modes. The prediction results show excellent performance in terms of metric indicators, and the feasibility is further verified by the case study with two drugs on breast cancer.

关键词： Drug-target interactions Signed heterogeneous network Link sign prediction Graph neural networks

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Malware Evasion Attacks Against IoT and Other Devices: An Empirical Study

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 127-142页

作者： Yan Xu Deqiang Li Qianmu Li Shouhuai Xu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCO 80918USA

The Internet of Things(loT)has grown rapidly due to artificial intelligence driven edge *** enabling many new functions,edge computing devices expand the vulnerability surface and have become the target of malware ***,attackers have used advanced techniques to evade defenses by transforming their malware into functionality-preserving *** systematically analyze such evasion attacks and conduct a large-scale empirical study in this paper to evaluate their impact on *** specifically,we focus on two forms of evasion attacks:obfuscation and adversarial *** the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first to investigate and contrast the two families of evasion attacks *** apply 10 obfuscation attacks and 9 adversarial attacks to 2870 malware *** obtained findings are as follows.(1)Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)malware detectors are vulnerable to evasion attacks.(2)Adversarial attacks affect COTS malware detectors slightly more effectively than obfuscated malware examples.(3)Code similarity detection approaches can be affected by obfuscated examples and are barely affected by adversarial attacks.(4)These attacks can preserve the functionality of original malware examples.

关键词： Android malware obfuscation adversarial examples

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