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Harmony in transcripts: a systematic literature review of transcriptome-wide association studies

Journal of engineering and Applied science 2024年第1期71卷 167页

作者： Mashhour, Mahinaz A. Kandil, Ahmed Hisham AbdElwahed, Manal Mabrouk, Mai S. Biomedical Engineering Department Misr University for Science and Technology Giza Egypt Systems and Biomedical Engineering Department Cairo University Giza Egypt School of Information Technology and Computer Science Nile University Sheikh Zayed City Egypt

Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) goal is to better understand the etiology of diseases and develop preventative and therapeutic approaches by examining the connections between genetic variants and phenotypes while overcoming the limitations of the genome-wide association study (GWAS). It is a valuable complement to GWAS, reducing the negative effects of multiple tests and enabling a more thorough investigation of gene expression patterns in various tissues. A systematic review is presented in this paper to identify articles that utilize TWAS to understand the genetic factors behind complex diseases. A detailed selection process was carried out using standard PRISMA criteria to select relevant articles for the review. Twenty-five articles passed the inclusion criteria and were selected for additional review. The studies cover a diverse range of disorders, including Tourette’s syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and major depression. Leveraging gene expression data from different tissues and populations, these investigations successfully identified novel genes and pathways associated with the studied conditions. The collective findings highlight the transformative impact of integrative genomics in advancing our understanding of complex diseases, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets, and laying the foundation for precision medicine approaches. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Genome

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Automated AI-Powered Fruit Identification Using Convolutional Neural Network

Automated AI-Powered Fruit Identification Using Convolutiona...

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2025 International Conference on Multi-Agent systems for Collaborative Intelligence, ICMSCI 2025

作者： Sai Tejasree, K. Surendran, R. Rajakumar, B. Gomathi, R.M. Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India J.N.N Institute of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Chennai India School of Computing Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (数字)9798331509828

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509828

Clever system that can look at pictures of fruits and figure out what kind of fruit each picture shows. AI algorithms like deep learning, which is like giving the Machine learning model a crash course in fruit recognition. This method teaches the ML Model we clearly explained the Model using application's agent using PEAS and the application's task environment using the 6 dimensions by showing it tons of fruit images, so over time, it gets really good at spotting the differences and similarities between, say, a banana and a grape. We also used another technique called pattern recognition, which helps the computer pay attention to specific details like the fruit's color, shape, size and texture. Overcoming multiple obstacles in order to automatically identify the type of fruit from the picture. The variety of images is influencing the color, texture, and shape of many different types of fruits. When it came to fruit picture detection, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Algorithm outperformed standard support-vector-machine-based approaches using handcrafted features in terms of accuracy also, it is a lot faster to implement for new fruits. By integrating deep learning and pattern recognition techniques such as Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm we have got the accuracy of 84%, our system efficiently identified different fruit types from images, demonstrating the power and effectiveness of our methods. The goal of our project is to create a tool that can quickly and correctly identify many types of fruits in photos, which could be useful for things like sorting fruits in a grocery store or helping people learn about different fruits by using Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm. This is not just about teaching a computer to recognize fruits;it is about making technology that can understand and interact with the world in a way that is helpful to us. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Using CNN Models 4

Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Using CNN Models

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4th International Conference on Technological Advancements in Computational sciences, ICTACS 2024

作者： Garba, Ahmad Ahmad Jain, Vihsal Singla, Kanika School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Greater Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387490

Tomato plants are vulnerable to different types of diseases, which can lead to significant reductions in yield and quality. Accurate and early detection is therefore crucial to mitigate these losses. This research proposes the use of deep learning approach for detecting tomato leaf diseases by utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The study employs a custom CNN model and transfer learning techniques, and also utilize a large dataset of tomato leaf images. The proposed approaches showed promising result with high accuracy in distinguishing between healthy and diseased leaves. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for Artistic Style Transfer in Images

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for Artistic Style Tr...

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2024 International Conference on Distributed systems, computer Networks and Cybersecurity, ICDSCNC 2024

作者： Jamalpur, Bhavana Kiruthiga, S. Ranjitha, B. Lefty Joyson, J. Jayaram, K. Soundar, K. Ruba S R University Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence India School of Computing Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science & Engineering Chennai India Mohan Babu University Department of Mathematics India Jp College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ayikudi India College of Engineering Adoor Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pathanamthitta India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sivakasi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375442

Many in computer vision and computational imaging consider Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) a big advance. Style transfer converts semantic visual content into creative styles. Recently, GANs for style transfer have gained popularity. Adversarial training of GANs to create realistic counterfeits has yielded encouraging results. High-quality style transfer results have been achieved using this method. Mode collapse is a common problem in classical GANs. This causes unsteady training and poor style transmission. Additionally, the GAN generator only supports one style. Therefore, numerous GANs must be trained to allow users to shift styles. This study examines artistic style transfer in photographs using depth extraction generative adversarial network (DE-GAN). This research aims to improve photo aesthetics by adding famous artworks' distinctive qualities. This study investigates DE-GANs' mechanics and how they modify text while keeping a style's creative qualities. By studying adversarial training, this work hopes to understand how DE-GAN achieves this dual goal. This research analyzes DE-GAN-based style transfer models to evaluate their effectiveness, identify their limits, and recommend areas for improvement. The experiments show that DE-GAN creates realistic and attractive stylized visuals. This study also discusses DE-GAN's practical applications, problems, and future possibilities in artistic style transfer. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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PIDSNeRF: pose interpolation depth supervision neural radiance fields for view synthesis from challenging input

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-21页

作者： Wang, Jianxin Shao, Haijian Deng, Xing Jiang, Yingtao School of Computer Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Zhenjiang212003 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nevada Las VegasNV89154 United States

Recently, Neural Radiance Fields(NeRF) have shown remarkable performance in the task of novel view synthesis through multi-view. The present study introduces an advanced optimization framework, termed Pose Interpolation Depth Supervision Neural Radiance Fields (PIDSNeRF), designed to address the challenges encountered by NeRF in novel view synthesis. These challenges manifest as artifacts, texture details loss, and geometric inconsistencies, particularly in scenes characterized by different lighting conditions, Textureless regions, and sparse images as inputs. The principle of PIDSNeRF involves interpolating virtual camera positions in the 3D space domain based on known cameras, Subsequently, the sparse point clouds formed during camera pose estimation is re-projected onto these virtual poses, employing an inverse angle weighting strategy, thereby generating depth-supervised rays. Furthermore, we propose a depth diffusion method that spreads depth-supervised rays along the pixel plane, forming Gaussian functions with different variances based on the diffusion distances. Finally, depth supervision during volume rendering is achieved by optimizing the Kullback-Leibler(KL) divergence between the weight distribution of sampled points along each ray and the probability density function of the corresponding Gaussian function along that ray. The above process enables a more comprehensive optimization of multi-resolution grid features that align with the sampled points along the rays. The experiments on the DTU, LLFF, and DL3DV-10K datasets demonstrate, PIDSNeRF can synthesize complete novel views within minutes, and the various metrics of the synthesized images achieve the best performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Probability density function

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Enhancing Academic Integrity in Online Assessments: Introducing an Effective Online Exam Proctoring Model using YOLO 2

Enhancing Academic Integrity in Online Assessments: Introduc...

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2nd International Conference on Machine Learning and Data engineering, ICMLDE 2023

作者： Singh, Tripty Nair, Rekha R. Babu, Tina Duraisamy, Prakash Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Alliance University Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin Green BayWI United States

The issue of cheating during exams has become a significant concern, gaining widespread attention from the public and media. This issue has been made worse by the transition of educational institutions to an online format, making it simpler to engage in academic dishonesty. To overcome this problem, developed an innovative solution known as the Online Exam Proctoring Model using You Only Look Once (YOLO) Model. With the use of cutting-edge computer vision algorithms, the proposed model makes use of data from cameras and microphones to automatically spot and prevent cheating during online exams. Face orientation, face spoofing detection, mouth tracking, audio analysis, mobile device recognition, and person counting are among the primary elements built into the model. Object detection algorithms, in conjunction with pre-trained YOLO weights, empower the model to detect mobile devices and count the number of individuals present in the exam environment. The automatic termination of exams upon detection of mobile devices, multiple persons, or no persons for 10 seconds acts as a strong deterrent against cheating. The suggested methodology created a reliable and effective tool for online examinations, guaranteeing the academic integrity and enabling impartial assessment of the skills and knowledge of learners. By implementing this solution, educational institutions can foster a secure online exam environment, promoting a culture of honesty and trust between students and educators. As navigate the evolving environment of education, the model stands as a reliable ally in upholding the credibility and authenticity of online learning experiences. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Automated Tuning of Machine Learning Parameters Using Quantum Evolutionary Algorithms 1

Automated Tuning of Machine Learning Parameters Using Quantu...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Networking, ICAC2N 2024

作者： Rawat, Gourav Kumar, Sandeep Kalita, Saptadeepa Sharda University School of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science & Engineering Greater Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356816

Optimizing machine learning (ML) models often involves tuning various hyper parameters to achieve optimal performance. Traditional methods for optimization, such as grid search and random search, are not always effective in navigating the extensive space of hyperparameters. Recently, evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have emerged as a promising tool for streamlining the hyperparameter tuning process. Yet, the searching efficiency of traditional EAs might fall short in the face of highly intricate optimization scenarios. This innovative approach for the automated adjustment of ML hyperparameters via Quantum Evolutionary Algorithm (QEA) incorporates quantum-based genetic mechanisms such as quantum crossover and mutation to refine a pool of possible solutions. The efficacy of this methodology has been validated through tests on benchmark data sets and across various ML architectures, including neural networks, support vector machines, and decision trees. When compared with traditional optimization strategies and classical EAs, the QEA demonstrates a clear advantage in terms of the speed of convergence and the quality of the solutions found. Additionally, the scalability of this method and its applicability to practical ML challenges are discussed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Intelligent Deep Learning Based Cybersecurity Phishing Email Detection and Classification

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5901-5914页

作者： R.Brindha S.Nandagopal H.Azath V.Sathana Gyanendra Prasad Joshi Sung Won Kim Department of Computing Technologies SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203India Department of Computing Science and Engineering Nandha College of TechnologyErode638052India School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT Bhopal UniversityBhopal466114India Department of Computer Science and Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of EngineeringTiruchirappalli621112India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan-si38541Gyeongbuk-doKorea

Phishing is a type of cybercrime in which cyber-attackers pose themselves as authorized persons or entities and hack the victims’sensitive data.E-mails,instant messages and phone calls are some of the common modes used in *** the security models are continuously upgraded to prevent cyberattacks,hackers find innovative ways to target the *** this background,there is a drastic increase observed in the number of phishing emails sent to potential *** scenario necessitates the importance of designing an effective classification *** numerous conventional models are available in the literature for proficient classification of phishing emails,the Machine Learning(ML)techniques and the Deep Learning(DL)models have been employed in the *** current study presents an Intelligent Cuckoo Search(CS)Optimization Algorithm with a Deep Learning-based Phishing Email Detection and Classification(ICSOA-DLPEC)*** aim of the proposed ICSOA-DLPEC model is to effectually distinguish the emails as either legitimate or phishing *** the initial stage,the pre-processing is performed through three stages such as email cleaning,tokenization and stop-word ***,the N-gram approach is;moreover,the CS algorithm is applied to extract the useful feature ***,the CS algorithm is employed with the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)model to detect and classify phishing ***,the CS algorithm is used to fine-tune the parameters involved in the GRU *** performance of the proposed ICSOA-DLPEC model was experimentally validated using a benchmark dataset,and the results were assessed under several *** comparative studies were conducted,and the results confirmed the superior performance of the proposed ICSOA-DLPEC model over other existing *** proposed model achieved a maximum accuracy of 99.72%.

关键词： Phishing email data classification natural language processing deep learning cybersecurity

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An Adaptive on Demand Modified Ant Colony Optimization Routing for VANETs 23th

An Adaptive on Demand Modified Ant Colony Optimization Routi...

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23rd International Conference on Intelligent systems Design and Applications, ISDA 2023

作者： Kumari, J. Jesy Janet Thangam, S. Raja, A. Saleem Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Technology and Applied Science-Shinas Shinas Oman

ISBN: (纸本)9783031648496

Around the world, vehicle accidents claim many priceless lives. To tackle this problem, the Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are the most effective solution. Effective communication between vehicular nodes in VANETs is extremely important because of the rapid mobility of vehicles and different network topology. Currently, VANET mostly serves the public security, stability, information for voyageurs, and traffic Management, control of congestion, guidance, etc. Chaos on roadways can occur at any moment, anyplace. It is a situation in which the flow of traffic regulations might cease to function. Collisions, maintaining roads, violation of legal rules, etc., so to evade the congestion in the surrounding region. VANETs represent a dynamic and challenging communication environment characterized by high mobility, intermittent connectivity, and rapid changes in network topology. Efficient and reliable routing is crucial for enabling diverse applications such as traffic management, safety communication, and infotainment services in VANETs. In this research, propose a multi-faceted approach to improve routing performance in VANETs. An adaptive routing algorithm that considers vehicle mobility patterns and dynamically adjusts communication routes based on the anticipated movement of neighboring vehicles such as Modified Ant Colony Optimization (MACO) technique. This adaptability enhances the robustness of the network against frequent topology changes and improves the overall packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and network reliability compared to traditional routing protocols. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Vehicular ad hoc networks

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Enhancing pre-trained models for text summarization: a multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization approach

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-17页

作者： Mohan, G. Bharathi Kumar, R. Prasanna Elakkiya, R. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Chennai India Birla Institute of Technology and Science Dubai345055 United Arab Emirates

Pre-trained language models have significantly advanced text summarization by leveraging extensive pre-training data to enhance performance. Many cutting-edge models undergo an initial pre-training phase on a large corpus before being fine-tuned specifically for text summarization tasks. The challenge arises when the limited data available for these summarization tasks and the high complexity of the models lead to aggressive fine-tuning, which can cause the models to over fit the training data and fail to generalize well to new, unseen data. To address these challenges, the study proposes a multi-objective based Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) approach for optimizing pre-trained models for summarization The proposed approach first compares the performance of various pre-trained models by fine-tuning them with the CNN/Daily Mail dataset. Secondly, the proposed Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) is applied to all validated pre-trained models and compared using a statistical approach. Experimental results reveal that Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarization Sequence-to-sequence (PEGASUS) model performs best among the pre-trained models. Further optimization with the proposed MOGA method yields even better results, with the optimized model achieving a Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation) ROUGE-1 score of 0.514, a ROUGE-2 score of 0.4, and a ROUGE-L score of 0.5. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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