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Woodpecker: hallucination correction for multimodal large language models

science China(Information sciences) 2024年第12期67卷 52-64页

作者： Shukang YIN Chaoyou FU Sirui ZHAO Tong XU Hao WANG Dianbo SUI Yunhang SHEN Ke LI Xing SUN Enhong CHEN School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Intelligence Science and Technology Nanjing University Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences YouTu

Hallucinations is a big shadow hanging over the rapidly evolving multimodal large language models(MLLMs), referring to that the generated text is inconsistent with the image content. To mitigate hallucinations, existing studies mainly resort to an instruction-tuning manner that requires retraining the models with specific data. In this paper, we pave a different way, introducing a training-free method named Woodpecker. Like woodpeckers heal trees, it picks out and corrects hallucinations from the generated text. Concretely, Woodpecker consists of five stages: key concept extraction, question formulation, visual knowledge validation, visual claim generation, and hallucination correction. Implemented in a post-remedy manner, Woodpecker can easily serve different MLLMs, while being interpretable by accessing intermediate outputs of the five stages. We evaluate Woodpecker both quantitatively and qualitatively and show the huge potential of this new paradigm. On the POPE benchmark, our method obtains a 30.66%/24.33% improvement in accuracy over the baseline MiniGPT-4/mPLUG-Owl. The source code is released at https://***/BradyFU/Woodpecker.

关键词： multimodal learning multimodal large language models hallucination correction large language models vision and language

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Towards High-Performance Graph Processing: From a Hardware/Software Co-Design Perspective

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Journal of computer science & technology 2024年第2期39卷 245-266页

作者：廖小飞赵文举金海姚鹏程黄禹王庆刚赵进郑龙张宇邵志远 National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China

Graph processing has been widely used in many scenarios,from scientific computing to artificial *** processing exhibits irregular computational parallelism and random memory accesses,unlike traditional ***,running graph processing workloads on conventional architectures(e.g.,CPUs and GPUs)often shows a significantly low compute-memory ratio with few performance benefits,which can be,in many cases,even slower than a specialized single-thread graph *** domain-specific hardware designs are essential for graph processing,it is still challenging to transform the hardware capability to performance boost without coupled software *** article presents a graph processing ecosystem from hardware to *** start by introducing a series of hardware accelerators as the foundation of this ***,the codesigned parallel graph systems and their distributed techniques are presented to support graph ***,we introduce our efforts on novel graph applications and hardware *** results show that various graph applications can be efficiently accelerated in this graph processing ecosystem.

关键词： graph processing hardware accelerator software system high performance ecosystem

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A user requirements-oriented privacy policy self-adaption scheme in cloud computing

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Frontiers of computer science 2023年第2期17卷 33-44页

作者： Changbo KE Fu XIAO Zhiqiu HUANG Fangxiong XIAO School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China College of computer science and technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China School of Software Engineering Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing 210000China

In an ever-changing environment,Software as a Service(SaaS)can rarely protect users'*** able to manage and control the privacy is therefore an important goal for *** the participant of composite service is substituted,it is unclear whether the composite service satisfy user privacy requirement or *** this paper,we propose a privacy policies automatic update method to enhance user privacy when a service participant change in the composite ***,we model the privacy policies and service variation ***,according to the service variation rules,the privacy policies are automatically generated through the negotiation between user and service ***,we prove the feasibility and applicability of our method with the *** the service quantity is 50,ratio that the services variations are successfully checked by monitor is 81%.Moreover,ratio that the privacy policies are correctly updated is 93.6%.

关键词： cloud computing SaaS service privacy protec-tion privacy policies update

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Optimizing B^(+)-tree for hybrid memory with in-node hotspot cache and eADR awareness

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第5期18卷 133-145页

作者： Peiquan JIN Zhaole CHU Gaocong LIU Yongping LUO Shouhong WAN School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

he advance in Non-Volatile Memory(NVM)has changed the traditional *** to DRAM,NVM has the advantages of nonvolatility and large ***,as the read/write speed of NVM is still lower than that of DRAM,building DRAM/NVM-based hybrid memory systems is a feasible way of adding NVM into the current computer *** paper aims to optimize the well-known B^(+)-tree for hybrid *** novelty of this study is ***,we observed that the space utilization of internal nodes in B^(+)-tree is generally below 70%.Inspired by this observation,we propose to maintain hot keys in the free space within internal nodes,yielding a new index named HATree(Hotness-Aware Tree).The new idea of HATree is to use the unused space of the parent of leaf nodes(PLNs)as the hotspot data ***,no extra space is needed,and the in-node hotspot cache can efficiently improve query ***,to further improve the update performance of HATree,we propose to utilize the eADR technology supported by the third-generation Intel Xeon Scalable Processors to enhance HATree with instant log persistence,which results in the new HATree-Log *** conduct extensive experiments on real hybrid memory architecture involving DRAM and Intel Optane Persistent Memory to evaluate the performance of HATree and *** state-of-the-art indices for hybrid memory,namely NBTree,LBTree,and FPTree,are included in the experiments,and the results suggest the efficiency of HATree and HATree-Log.

关键词： hybrid memory B^(+)-tree hotspot in-node cache eADR

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Privacy-preserving filtering, control and optimization for industrial cyber-physical systems

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 267-283页

作者： Derui DING Qing-Long HAN Xiaohua GE Xian-Ming ZHANG Jun WANG Department of Control Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology School of Engineering Swinburne University of Technology Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong

Industrial cyber-physical systems closely integrate physical processes with cyberspace, enabling real-time exchange of various information about system dynamics, sensor outputs, and control decisions. The connection between cyberspace and physical processes results in the exposure of industrial production information to unprecedented security risks. It is imperative to develop suitable strategies to ensure cyber security while meeting basic performance *** the perspective of control engineering, this review presents the most up-to-date results for privacy-preserving filtering,control, and optimization in industrial cyber-physical systems. Fashionable privacy-preserving strategies and mainstream evaluation metrics are first presented in a systematic manner for performance evaluation and engineering *** discussion discloses the impact of typical filtering algorithms on filtering performance, specifically for privacy-preserving Kalman filtering. Then, the latest development of industrial control is systematically investigated from consensus control of multi-agent systems, platoon control of autonomous vehicles as well as hierarchical control of power systems. The focus thereafter is on the latest privacy-preserving optimization algorithms in the framework of consensus and their applications in distributed economic dispatch issues and energy management of networked power systems. In the end, several topics for potential future research are highlighted.

关键词： industrial cyber-physical systems privacy preservation distributed control distributed optimization power systems

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Enhancing electromagnetic absorption performance of Molybdate@Carbon by metal ion substitution

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2023年第32期163卷 92-100页

作者： Aming Xie Daohu Sheng Wenli Liu Youjian Chen Siyao Cheng School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing

Transition metal molybdate(RMoO4)has been extensively studied in optics,electricity and catalysis due to its low cost and multivalent Mo atoms,while its poor electrical conductivity limits its application in electromagnetic wave absorption(EMA).Compounding molybdate with conductive materials is an effective way to improve its electrical *** this work,a homogeneous coating on the molybdate surface was achieved by utilizing a pyrrole oxidation polymerization mechanism,and then stabilized composites of Molybdate@Carbon(RMoO4@C)were obtained by high-temperature *** EMA properties of the nanocomposites were tuned by substituting the species of transition metal elements(RMoO_(4)@C,R=Fe,Co,Cu).Among them,Fe_(2)(MoO_(4))_(3)@C has a minimum reflection loss of−60.62 dB at an ultra-low thickness of 1.7 mm,and the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)can reach 4.75 GHz at 3.00 *** work expands the range of applications for molybdate and provides a new material basis for building high-performance EMA materials.

关键词： Transition metal molybdate Electrical conductivity Molybdate@Carbon Electromagnetic wave absorption

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FEA-Sketch: flow entries assisted sketch for heavy flow detection in software-defined networking

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 80-94页

作者： Xiaocan WU He HUANG Yang DU Yu-E SUN Yifan HAN School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University School of Rail Transportation Soochow University

Software-defined networking decouples the control plane from the data plane to enable centralized flow-level network management, while requiring periodically collecting traffic statistics from the data plane to enforce optimal management. As one of the most important traffic measurement tasks, heavy flow detection has received wide attention for its providing fundamental statistics in various practical applications. Existing studies have proposed sketch-based detection solutions to address the mismatch problem between massive traffic and limited high-speed memory resources for measurement in the data plane. However,they overlook the potential of integrating the flow table, where each entry simultaneously enforces forwarding rules for specific flows and records flow statistics into the sketch design, leading to redundant measurement between the flow table and sketch and being unable to utilize their statistics to jointly enhance estimation accuracy. We propose flow entries assisted sketch(FEA-Sketch) in this work, which employs a differentiated flow recording strategy to record flow statistics jointly using the flow table and sketch for memory-efficient and computationally efficient heavy flow detection. We also propose an optimization-based estimation algorithm to accurately recover per-flow sizes for the flows that only have aggregated statistics due to the sharing of entries in the table(or counters in the sketch). We extend the FEA-Sketch to the distributed measurement setting with a hop-based collaborative measurement strategy, which reduces the measurement workload on switches across the network by avoiding redundant measurements. The experimental results on real Internet traces show that the accuracy of heavy flow detection is improved up to 1.95 times, and the bias of flow size estimation is improved up to 2.99 times, demonstrating that integrating flow entries can significantly improve the performance of heavy flow detection.

关键词： software-defined networking traffic measurement heavy flow flow table sketch

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Research on lightweight pavement disease detection model based on YOLOv7

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2024年第4期46卷 10573-10589页

作者： Wang, Chishe Li, Jun Wang, Jie Zhao, Weikang School of Computer Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan China Jinling Institute of Technology Nanjing China

Rapid urbanization has made road construction and maintenance imperative, but detecting road diseases has been time-consuming with limited accuracy. To overcome these challenges, we propose an efficient YOLOv7 road disease detection model. Our approach involves integrating MobilieNetV3 as the backbone feature extraction network to reduce the network's parameters and computational requirements. Additionally, we introduce the BRA attention module into the spatial pyramid pooling module to eliminate redundant information and enhance the network's feature representation capability. Moreover, we utilize the F-ReLU activation function in the backbone network, expanding the convolutional layers' receptive field range. To optimize the model's boundary loss, we employ the Wise-IoU loss function, which places more emphasis on the quality of ordinary samples and enhances the overall performance and generalization ability of the network. Experimental results demonstrate that our improved detection algorithm achieves a higher recall rate and mean average precision (mAP) on the public dataset (RDD) and the NJdata dataset in nanjing's urban area. Specifically, compared to YOLOv7, our model increases the recall rate and mAP on RDD by 3.3% and 2.6%, respectively. On the NJdata dataset, our model improves the recall rate and mAP by 1.9% and 1.3%, respectively. Furthermore, our model reduces parameter and computational requirements by 30% and 22.5%, respectively, striking a balance between detection accuracy and speed. In conclusion, our road disease detection model presents an effective solution to address the challenges associated with road disease detection in urban areas. It offers improved accuracy, efficiency, and generalization capabilities compared to existing models. © 2024 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Roads and streets

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Fault-tolerant Quantized Control for Switched Neural Networks with Actuator Faults and Dynamic Output Quantization

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IAENG International Journal of Applied Mathematics 2025年第1期55卷 7-15页

作者： Su, Yue Wang, Xinrui Tai, Weipeng Zhou, Jianping School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan243032 China School of Computer Science and Technology Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu610051 China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan243032 China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan243032 China

This paper examines fault-tolerant quantized control for neural networks under persistent dwell-time switching, considering the presence of actuator faults and dynamic output quantization. The dynamic scaling factor (DSF) of the quantizer is designed as a piecewise function concerning the output to avoid the possibility of division by zero. To reduce conservatism, the controller is designed to combine the system model with a time scheduler constructed with a minimum time span. A sufficient condition for the asymptotic stability and L2-gain of the closed-loop system is derived using a piecewise Lyapunov functional and decoupling approach. When the condition is satisfied, the needed feedback gains and the parameter range associated with the DSF can be determined by exact mathematical expressions. For comparison, feedback gains that depend only on the system mode are also studied, and the corresponding design method is presented. The numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Lyapunov functions

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A Distributed Adaptive Second-Order Latent Factor Analysis Model

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第11期11卷 2343-2345页

作者： Jialiang Wang Weiling Li Xin Luo the School of Computer Science and Technology Dongguan University of Technology the College of Computer and Information Science Southwest University

Dear Editor,This letter presents a distributed adaptive second-order latent factor(DAS) model for addressing the issue of high-dimensional and incomplete data representation. Compared with first-order optimizers, a second-order optimizer has stronger ability in approaching a better solution when dealing with the non-convex optimization problems, thus obtaining better performance in extracting the latent factors(LFs) well representing the known information from high-dimensional and incomplete data.

关键词： representation incomplete approaching

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