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Boosting Adversarial Training with Learnable Distribution

computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3247-3265页

作者： Kai Chen Jinwei Wang James Msughter Adeke Guangjie Liu Yuewei Dai School of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Support Technology for Complex Environments Ministry of EducationNanjing210044China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Nanjing Center for Applied Mathematics Nanjing211135China

In recent years,various adversarial defense methods have been proposed to improve the robustness of deep neural *** training is one of the most potent methods to defend against adversarial ***,the difference in the feature space between natural and adversarial examples hinders the accuracy and robustness of the model in adversarial *** paper proposes a learnable distribution adversarial training method,aiming to construct the same distribution for training data utilizing the Gaussian mixture *** distribution centroid is built to classify samples and constrain the distribution of the sample *** natural and adversarial examples are pushed to the same distribution centroid to improve the accuracy and robustness of the *** proposed method generates adversarial examples to close the distribution gap between the natural and adversarial examples through an attack algorithm explicitly designed for adversarial *** algorithm gradually increases the accuracy and robustness of the model by scaling ***,the proposed method outputs the predicted labels and the distance between the sample and the distribution *** distribution characteristics of the samples can be utilized to detect adversarial cases that can potentially evade the model *** effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through comprehensive experiments.

关键词： Adversarial training feature space learnable distribution distribution centroid

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Insights into the role of the different supports in copper-based catalysts for propane combustion

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2025年第1期35卷 187-193页

作者： Yarong Fang Shiqi Ma Zhixin Yu Chuanqi Pan Shipeng Wan School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University College of Environmental Engineering Henan University of Technology

The catalytic efficacy of copper-based catalysts for volatile organic compounds（VOCs） oxidation is significantly affected by the metal oxide support's chemical properties. However, rigorous comparative analyses on TiO2and CeO2supports are scarce. This study systematically constructs Cu/TiO2and Cu/CeO2catalysts and investigates their mechanisms in promoting propane oxidation. Cu/CeO2exhibits superior performance and stability. Our research reveals the key role of Cu-O-Ce interfacial architecture in forming Cu1+sites for efficient propane adsorption and triggering surface Olattgeneration, accelerating propane combustion. These findings elucidate Cu/CeO2catalyst enhanced performance and offer insights into non-noble metal catalysts. By demonstrating CeO2catalyst superiority, this study provides a basis for selecting optimal support materials to optimize catalyst performance, driving the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly catalytic technologies for air pollution control.

关键词： Copper-based catalysts Metal oxide support Propane oxidation Surface lattice oxygen

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Detection and Recognition of Spray Code Numbers on Can Surfaces Based on OCR

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1109-1128页

作者： Hailong Wang Junchao Shi School of Computer Science Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450007China

A two-stage algorithm based on deep learning for the detection and recognition of can bottom spray codes and numbers is proposed to address the problems of small character areas and fast production line speeds in can bottom spray code number *** the coding number detection stage,Differentiable Binarization Network is used as the backbone network,combined with the Attention and Dilation Convolutions Path Aggregation Network feature fusion structure to enhance the model detection *** terms of text recognition,using the Scene Visual Text Recognition coding number recognition network for end-to-end training can alleviate the problem of coding recognition errors caused by image color distortion due to variations in lighting and background *** addition,model pruning and quantization are used to reduce the number ofmodel parameters to meet deployment requirements in resource-constrained environments.A comparative experiment was conducted using the dataset of tank bottom spray code numbers collected on-site,and a transfer experiment was conducted using the dataset of packaging box production *** experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this study can effectively locate the coding of cans at different positions on the roller conveyor,and can accurately identify the coding numbers at high production line *** Hmean value of the coding number detection is 97.32%,and the accuracy of the coding number recognition is 98.21%.This verifies that the algorithm proposed in this paper has high accuracy in coding number detection and recognition.

关键词： Can coding recognition differentiable binarization network scene visual text recognition model pruning and quantification transport model

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Equivalence between the internal observability and equation

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第1期39卷 89-97页

作者： LIU Wen-jun TU Zhi-yu School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

This paper is concerned with a third order in time linear Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation which describes the acoustic velocity potential in ultrasound wave *** by the work of Kaltenbacher,Lasiecka and Marchand(Control Cybernet.2011,40:971-988),we establish an observability inequality of the conservative problem,and then discuss the equivalence between the exponential stabilization of a dissipative system and the internal observational inequality of the corresponding conservative system.

关键词： Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation internal observability exponential stability

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Zinc-based fiber-shaped rechargeable batteries:Insights into structures,electrodes,and electrolytes

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 278-293页

作者： Xuan Zhang Hongcheng Zhang Mengxiang Chen Jingqi Lu Evgeny Zhuravlev Jing Jiang Pin Liu Shengyang Dong Du Yuan Guoyin Zhu Lianbo Ma Yizhou Zhang Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics(IAMFE) School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243002China College of Materials Science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410004China

The rapid evolution of flexible wearable electronics has spurred a growing demand for energy storage devices,characterized by low-cost manufacturing processes,high safety standards,exceptional electrochemical performance and robust mechanical *** novel flexible devices,fiber-shaped batteries(FSBs)have emerged as prominent solutions exceptionally suited to future applications,owing to their unique one-dimensional(1D)architecture,remarkable flexibility,potential for miniaturization,adaptability to deformation and compatibility with the conventional textile *** the forefront research on fiber-shaped batteries,zincbased FSBs(ZFSBs)have garnered significant attentions,featured by the promising electrochemical properties of metallic *** enthusiasm is driven by the impressive capacity of Zn(820 mAh·g^(-1))and its low redox potential(Zn/Zn^(2+):-0.76 V *** hydrogen electrode).This review aims to consolidate recent achievements in the structural design,fabrication processes and electrode materials of flexible ***,we highlight three representative structural configurations:parallel type,twisted type and coaxial *** also place special emphasis on electrode modifications and electrolyte ***,we delve into the promising development opportunities and anticipate future challenges associated with ZFSBs,emphasizing their potential roles in powering the next generation of wearable electronics.

关键词： zinc-based batteries fiber-shape parallel type twisted type coaxial type

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The stable Auslander-Reiten components of certain monomorphism categories

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science China Mathematics 2024年第3期67卷 505-526页

作者： Rasool Hafezi Yi Zhang School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Let Λ be an Artin algebra and let Gprj-Λ denote the class of all the finitely generated Gorenstein projective Λ-modules. In this paper, we study the components of the stable Auslander-Reiten quiver of a certain subcategory of the monomorphism category S(Gprj-Λ) containing boundary vertices. We describe the shape of such components. It is shown that certain components are linked to the orbits of an auto-equivalence on the stable category Gprj. In particular, for the finite components, we show that under certain mild conditions,their cardinalities are divisible by 3. We see that this three-periodicity phenomenon reoccurs several times in the paper.

关键词： monomorphism category almost split sequence Auslander-Reiten quiver Gorenstein projective module

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Variance-SNR Based Noise Suppression on Linear Canonical Choi-Williams Distribution of LFM Signals

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第05期31卷 804-820页

作者： ZHANG Zhichao School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology

By solving the existing expectation-signal-to-noise ratio(expectation-SNR) based inequality model of the closed-form instantaneous cross-correlation function type of Choi-Williams distribution(CICFCWD),the linear canonical transform(LCT) free parameters selection strategies obtained are usually *** the second-order moment variance outperforms the first-order moment expectation in accurately characterizing output SNRs, this paper uses the variance analysis technique to improve parameters selection strategies. The CICFCWD's average variance of deterministic signals embedded in additive zero-mean stationary circular Gaussian noise processes is first obtained. Then the so-called variance-SNRs are defined and applied to model a variance-SNR based inequality. A stronger inequalities system is also formulated by integrating expectation-SNR and variance-SNR based inequality models. Finally, a direct application of the system in noisy one-component and bi-component linear frequency-modulated(LFM) signals detection is studied. Analytical algebraic constraints on LCT free parameters newly derived seem more accurate than the existing ones, achieving better noise suppression effects. Our methods have potential applications in optical, radar, communication and medical signal processing.

关键词： linear canonical Choi-Williams distribution AWGN closed-form instantaneous cross-correlation function variance-SNR based inequality deterministic signals transforms LFM signal denoising statistical distributions Gaussian noise frequency modulation linear canonical transform free parameters signal detection average variance second-order moment variance expectation-signal-to-noise ratio variance-SNR based noise suppression CICFCWD analytical algebraic constraints LCT bicomponent linear frequency-modulated signals detection one-component linear frequency-modulated signals detection additive zero-mean stationary circular Gaussian noise processes LFM signals

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Multi-modal Knowledge Distillation-guided Artery-Vein Segmentation Network for OCT/OCTA Images 16

Multi-modal Knowledge Distillation-guided Artery-Vein Segmen...

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2024 16th International Conference on Graphics and Image Processing, ICGIP 2024

作者： Li, Shuo Zhang, Wenbo Chen, Qiang School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781510688780

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688773

The analysis of artery and vein differences in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) is of great significance for diagnosing various eye diseases and systemic diseases (such as diabetic retinopathy, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases). We propose a multi-modal knowledge distillation-guided Artery-Vein Segmentation Network for OCT/OCTA images (MKD-Net). Firstly, we introduce 2D projection image information in the process of segmenting from 3D to 2D to enhance the semantic representation capability in the horizontal direction of the network. Secondly, we transfer knowledge from a trained multi-modal (3D and 2D input) teacher network to a single-modal (3D input) student network, enabling the student network to not rely on the projection images generated by retinal layer segmentation, avoiding segmentation failure under diseased conditions, and enhancing its ability to capture details and feature changes in the images. Extensive evaluations on the OCTA500 and OCTA100 datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance, with an MIou of 84.96% and 84.25% on the OCTA500 and OCTA100 datasets respectively. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography

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A Wavelet-based Diffusion Model for Low-light Image Enhancement in Raw Space 16

A Wavelet-based Diffusion Model for Low-light Image Enhancem...

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2024 16th International Conference on Graphics and Image Processing, ICGIP 2024

作者： Zhang, Xin-Yu Xu, Yang Wei, Zhi-Hui Wu, Ze-Bin School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781510688780

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688773

Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) in Raw space has posed a challenge in the field of image processing and computational photography. Different from image processing in sRGB space, Raw images store more image information and thus have more space for image processing. Existing methods often struggle to approximate real images in terms of image detail enhancement and color restoration. Drawing inspiration from the latest advancements in denoising diffusion models, we introduce an innovative framework that leverages wavelet transform and diffusion models to tackle the low light image enhancement challenge in Raw space. In our method, the input low-light image is first decomposed into different frequency sub-bands by discrete wavelet transform (DWT) from both image and feature levels. Then a redesigned diffusion model is trained to adaptively denoise and enhance the different frequency sub-bands. In order to achieve better results in human eye perception, we also improved the loss function during training process. Finally, the enhanced result of the low-light image is finally reconstructed through inverse wavelet transform (IWT) and subsequent processing, transitioning from Raw space to sRGB space. Extensive experiments on SID and ELD datasets show that our refined method outperforms several existing methods, delivering superior performance both quantitatively and qualitatively. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms

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Coordination Design of a Power-Assisted Ankle Exoskeleton Robot Based on Active-Passive Combined Drive

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(science) 2025年第1期30卷 197-208页

作者： HE Guisong HUANG Xuegong LI Feng School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing219904China

With the continuous escalation of modern war,soldiers need to transport more combat materials to the combat *** limited load-bearing capacity of soldiers seriously restricts their carrying capacity and *** is urgent to develop a power-assisted exoskeleton robot suitable for individual *** the past,most power-assisted exoskeleton robots were driven by *** driving method has an excellent power-assisted effect,but the endurance is often *** view of this shortcoming,this study designed an ankle exoskeleton robot based on an active-passive combined drive through simulation analysis of human *** used OpenSim software to simulate and verify that the addition of spring could achieve a good *** the same time,according to the gait characteristics of the human body,the gait planning of an exoskeleton robot was carried ***,theoretical analysis explained that the cooperation among spring,motor and wearer could be realized in this ***,the assisting ability and driving coordination of the active-passive combination driven ankle exoskeleton robot were verified through experiments.

关键词： power assistance ankle joint active-passive combination combined drive gait planning

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