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Instruction selection optimization for VLIW architecture based on classification node merging

Journal of Supercomputing 2025年第7期81卷 1-19页

作者： Liu, Fangjun Zhang, Huifu Hu, Yonghua Xie, Anxing Cao, Wei Mo, Shangfeng School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology XiangTan411201 China Hunan Key Laboratory for Service Computing and Novel Software Technology XiangTan411201 China

Traditional instruction selection methods fail to fully exploit the very long instruction word (VLIW) architecture’s efficient scalar instructions. We propose an optimized instruction selection method based on classification node merging. This method abstracts scalar intermediate instructions into nodes and divides them into associated and similar ones according to operational semantics. Combined with the VLIW architecture’s instruction set features and guided by the instruction cost model, the nodes are merged and optimized to select efficient instructions. We design an instruction generation framework that swiftly converts the low level virtual machine intermediate representation into the instruction sequence of the target architecture. The experimental results show that, compared with the instruction sequence generated by M7002-cc, the instruction sequence generated with the solution proposed in this paper exhibits an average execution performance that is up to 54% higher on the FT-M7002 hardware platform. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Real time systems

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A Progressive Spectral Correction and Spatial Compensation Network for Pansharpening

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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 2025年 18卷 10772-10785页

作者： Liu, Rixian Lu, Hangyuan Chi, Biwei Yang, Yong Huang, Shuying Jinhua University of Vocational Technology College of Information Engineering Jinhua321007 China Tiangong University School of Computer Science and Technology Tianjin300387 China Tiangong University School of Software Tianjin300387 China

Pansharpening aims to produce a high resolution multispectral image by fusing a panchromatic image with a low-resolution multispectral image. Current pansharpening methods often overlook the significant modality differences between source images and lack interaction between them, resulting in spatial-spectral distortions. To address these issues, we proposed a novel progressive spectral correction and spatial compensation network for pansharpening. The network comprises a spectral correction branch, a spatial compensation branch, and a spectral-spatial fusion (SSF) branch. In the spectral correction branch, we designed a local spectral reinforcement (LSR) module and a global spectral rectification (GSR) module to keep the spectral fidelity. The LSR module is designed to reinforce the unique local information from different kinds of spectral features, while the GSR module captures long-range dependency and rectifies the spectral features with a cross-attention mechanism. In the spatial compensation branch, we designed a multiscale dilated adaptive feature extraction module guided by spectral and spatial attention to extract useful spatial details, and the details are progressively compensated into the SSF branch to better keep spatial fidelity. The SSF branch is designed to interact with spectral correction branch and spatial compensation branch to mitigate the modal difference and progressively optimize the spectral-spatial information. Comprehensive experiments show that the proposed method outperforms current state-of-the-art pansharpening methods. © 2008-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Remote sensing

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Fine-tuning Large Language Models for Improving Factuality in Legal Question Answering 31

Fine-tuning Large Language Models for Improving Factuality i...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Hu, Yinghao Gan, Leilei Xiao, Wenyi Kuang, Kun Wu, Fei School of Software Technology Zhejiang University China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Hallucination, or the generation of incorrect or fabricated information, remains a critical challenge in large language models (LLMs), particularly in high-stake domains such as legal question answering (QA). In order to mitigate the hallucination rate in legal QA, we first introduce a benchmark called LegalHalBench and three automatic metrics to evaluate the common hallucinations when LLMs answer legal questions. We then propose a hallucination mitigation method that integrates behavior cloning and a novel Hard Sample-aware Iterative Direct Preference Optimization (HIPO). We conduct extensive real-data experiments to validate the effectiveness of our approach. Our results demonstrate remarkable improvements in various metrics, including the newly proposed Non-Hallucinated Statute Rate, Statute Relevance Rate, Legal Claim Truthfulness, as well as traditional metrics such as METEOR, BERTScore, ROUGE-L, and win rates. Our benchmark and model are available at https://***/YinghaoHu/LegalHalBench. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Benchmarking

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When Crypto Fails: Demystifying Cryptographic Defects in Ethereum Smart Contracts

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IEEE Transactions on software Engineering 2025年第05期51卷 1381-1398页

作者： Zhang, Jiashuo Chen, Jiachi Shen, Yiming Zhang, Tao Wang, Yanlin Chen, Ting Gao, Jianbo Chen, Zhong Peking University School of Computer Science China Sun Yat-sen University School of Software Engineering China Macau University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering China Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation China

Ethereum has officially provided a set of system-level cryptographic APIs to enhance smart contracts with cryptographic capabilities. These APIs have been utilized in over 13.8% of Ethereum transactions, motivating developers to implement various on-chain cryptographic tasks, such as digital signatures. However, since developers may not always be cryptographic experts, their ad-hoc and potentially defective implementations could compromise the theoretical guarantees of cryptography, leading to real-world security issues. To mitigate this threat, we conducted a comprehensive study aimed at demystifying and detecting cryptographic defects in smart contracts. Through the analysis of 3,762 real-world security reports, we defined 12 types of cryptographic defects in smart contracts with detailed descriptions and practical detection patterns. Based on this categorization, we proposed CryptoScan, the first static analyzer to automate the pre-deployment detection of cryptographic defects in smart contracts. CryptoScan utilizes cross-contract and inter-procedure static analysis to identify crypto-related execution paths and employs taint analysis to extract fine-grained crypto-specific semantics for defect detection. Furthermore, we collected a large-scale dataset containing 79,598 real-world crypto-related smart contracts and evaluated CRYPTOSCAN’s effectiveness on it. The results demonstrated that CryptoScan achieves an overall precision of 96.1% and a recall of 93.3%. Notably, CryptoScan revealed that 19,707 (24.8%) out of 79,598 smart contracts contain at least one cryptographic defect. Although not all defects directly cause financial losses, they indicate prevalent non-standard cryptographic implementations that should be addressed in real-world practices. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smart contract

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An Advanced Bald Eagle Search Algorithm for Image Enhancement

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 4485-4501页

作者： Pei Hu Yibo Han Jeng-Shyang Pan School of Computer and Software Nanyang Institute of TechnologyNanyang473004China College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung413310Taiwan

Image enhancement utilizes intensity transformation functions to maximize the information content of enhanced *** paper approaches the topic as an optimization problem and uses the bald eagle search(BES)algorithm to achieve optimal *** our proposed model,gamma correction and Retinex address color cast issues and enhance image edges and *** final enhanced image is obtained through color *** BES algorithm seeks the optimal solution through the selection,search,and swooping ***,it is prone to getting stuck in local optima and converges *** overcome these limitations,we propose an improved BES algorithm(ABES)with enhanced population learning,position updates,and control *** is employed to optimize the core parameters of gamma correction and Retinex to improve image quality,and the maximization of information entropy is utilized as the objective *** benchmark images are collected to validate its *** results demonstrate that ABES outperforms the existing image enhancement methods,including the flower pollination algorithm,the chimp optimization algorithm,particle swarm optimization,and BES,in terms of information entropy,peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR),structural similarity index(SSIM),and patch-based contrast quality index(PCQI).ABES demonstrates superior performance both qualitatively and quantitatively,and it helps enhance prominent features and contrast in the images while maintaining the natural appearance of the original images.

关键词： Image enhancement gamma correction retinex bald eagle search algorithm

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Triple Path Enhanced Neural Architecture Search for Multimodal Fake News Detection

Triple Path Enhanced Neural Architecture Search for Multimod...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Xu, Bo Xie, Qiujie Zhou, Jiahui Zong, Linlin School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology China School of Computer Science Fudan University China School of Software Dalian University of Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Multimodal fake news detection has become one of the most crucial issues on social media platforms. Although existing methods have achieved advanced performance, two main challenges persist: (1) Under-performed multimodal news information fusion due to model architecture solidification, and (2) weak generalization ability on partial-modality contained fake news. To meet these challenges, we propose a novel and flexible triple path enhanced neural architecture search model MUSE. MUSE includes two dynamic paths for detecting partial-modality contained fake news and a static path for exploiting potential multimodal correlations. Experimental results show that MUSE achieves stable performance improvement over the baselines. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： fake news detection neural architecture search

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Network Traffic Anomaly Detection Based on DGBi-SA Model

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Engineering Letters 2025年第3期33卷 612-619页

作者： Wang, Xin Dai, Hong Huang, Zheng Han, Yue University of Science and Technology Liaoning Liaoning CO Anshan114051 China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Liaoning CO Anshan114051 China

Network traffic anomaly detection plays a crucial role in today's network security and performance management. In response to the challenges in current network traffic data processing, such as insufficient structuring and dynamics, the paper proposes a network traffic anomaly detection approach based on DGBi-SA model, which integrates Dynamic Graph Convolutional Networks (DyGCN), Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM), and the Self-Attention mechanism. To solve the problem of insufficient structuring, the model employs DyGCN to capture network traffic's dynamic graph structural characteristics proficiently. Simultaneously, combining Bi-LSTM and the Self-Attention mechanism enhances the model's ability to capture temporal and spatial dependencies. The main objective of the research in the paper is to improve the accuracy and detection efficiency of network traffic prediction, thereby achieving effective detection and timely response to abnormal behaviors in complex network environments. Through a sequence of experiments conducted on the CICIDS-2017 dataset, the paper verifies that the DGBi-SA model can effectively solve the above problems. The experimental results indicate that the model outperforms existing methods in key performance indicators such as AUC, precision, recall, and F1 score, thereby proving that the DGBi-SA model has important application value and scientific significance in network traffic anomaly detection. © 2025, International Association of Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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ViF-SD2E: a robust weakly-supervised framework for neural decoding

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第9期37卷 6645-6661页

作者： Feng, Jingyi Luo, Yong Song, Shuang Hu, Han National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

Neural decoding plays a vital role in the interaction between the brain and the outside world. Our task in this paper is to decode the movement track of a finger directly based on the neural data. Existing neural decoding solutions primarily perform some preprocessing operations on neural data before feeding them into existing models (such as LSTM) for decoding. However, these solutions either are prone to overfitting or cannot well exploit the spatial and temporal information. In our previous observations, there is a symmetrical phenomenon between the unsupervised decoded trajectory and the ground truth trajectory within the activity space. This precisely motivates us to propose (or derive) a robust weakly-supervised framework (or model structure), called ViF-SD2E, for neural decoding. In particular, it consists of a space-division (SD) module and an exploration–exploitation (2E) strategy, to effectively exploit both the spatial information of the outside world and the temporal information of neural activity, where the SD2E output is analogized with the weak 0/1 vision feedback (ViF) label for training. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, which can sometimes be comparable to supervised counterparts. Therefore, we redirect our attention to the information (hidden in data) ViF-SD2E conveys to us. In other words, we believe that the advantage of ViF-SD2E lies in the fact that its processing steps are objectively determined by the inherent attributes (i.e., symmetry) of the neural data, or rather, the model structure is fixed. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Space division multiple access

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Deterministic and Universal Truthful Mechanism for Fair Matching 18th

Deterministic and Universal Truthful Mechanism for Fair Ma...

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18th International Joint Conference on Theoretical computer Science-Frontier of Algorithmic Wisdom, IJTCS-FAW 2024

作者： Xu, Hao Zhang, Jinshan Wang, Feng School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China School of Software Technology Zhejiang University Ningbo China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819777518

This study addresses the bipartite graph weight maximum matching problem with a focus on achieving fairness. We introduce a deterministic truthful mechanism and a universal truthful mechanism tailored for fair matching, striving for an asymptotically lexicographically optimal solution. To tackle this, we employ a transformation function that reduces the original problem to a weight maximum matching problem, alongside an iterative algorithm based on TMHA and RTMHA (TMHA means Truthful Matroid House Allocation and RTMHA means Random Truthful Mechanism for Matroid House Allocation [18], they are both extensions of serial dictatorship and random serial dictatorship to cases where agents have ties.). Our approach yields an approximation ratio of at most 2 for deterministic truthful mechanisms and at most 1.58 for universally truthful mechanisms, while also requiring polynomial time complexity. By offering a balanced solution, our method contributes to equitable outcomes in matching scenarios. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Fairness-Aware Budgeted Edge Server Placement for Connected Autonomous Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第6期24卷 4762-4776页

作者： Wu, Jintao Xu, Xiaolong Cui, Guangming Zhang, Yiwen Qi, Lianyong Dou, Wanchun Cai, Zhipeng Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Advanced Computing and Intelligent Services School of Software Nanjing210044 China Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Changchun130012 China Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Advanced Computing and Intelligent Services School of Software China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology China Anhui University School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui230031 China College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao266580 China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing210023 China Georgia State University Department of Computer Science United States

Mobile edge computing (MEC) considerably enhances the capabilities and performance of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) by deploying edge servers (ESs) on roadside units (RSUs) near CAVs, thereby ensuring low-latency services. Given the constrained and costly nature of ES resources (computing, storage, and bandwidth), equitable ES utilization is critical for CAV operations. However, fairness considerations are often overlooked in current budgeted edge server placement (ESP) strategies, potentially worsening resource imbalances and compromising user experience. This paper investigates the fairness-aware budgeted edge server placement (FESP) problem within RSUs, proving its NP-hardness. To address FESP, we first propose FESP-O, an integer programming-based optimal approach for small-scale problems, followed by FESP-APX, an approximation approach for large-scale scenarios that provides near-optimal solutions. We analyze the time complexity and approximation ratio of our proposed algorithms and validate their efficacy through experiments on real-world datasets. Extensive experimental results demonstrate significant performance improvements over baseline and state-of-the-art methods, indicating practical suitability and efficiency. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Integer linear programming

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