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Enhanced Multiple Sound Event Detection and Classification Using Physical Signal Properties in Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 81312-81325页

作者： Roozbehi, Zahra Narayanan, Ajit Mohaghegh, Mahsa Saeedinia, Samaneh-Alsadat Auckland University of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auckland New Zealand Auckland University of Technology Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies Auckland New Zealand Iran University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran

Sound event detection and classification present significant challenges, particularly in noisy environments with multiple overlapping sources. This paper introduces an innovative architecture for multiple sound event detection and classification utilizing recurrent spiking neural networks (SNNs). Our method uniquely leverages temporal data to detect and classify multiple sound sources simultaneously, integrating the physical concept of signal power matching with neuronal output power and employing a binaural strategy to enhance detection accuracy in real-world scenarios. The architecture processes spatiotemporal data to dynamically update synaptic weights, enabling precise identification of sound event categories and their occurrences. Our simulations reveal substantial performance improvements, achieving the highest precision of 73% in classification tasks, including multilayer perceptrons (MLP), convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNN), and recurrent neural networks (RNN). Statistical analysis indicates that these improvements are significant (p-value © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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HTC-HAD: A Hybrid Transformer-CNN Approach for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection

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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 2025年 18卷 10144-10156页

作者： Zhao, Minghua Zheng, Wen Hu, Jing Xi'an University of Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Network Computing and Security Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi'an710048 China

Hyperspectral anomaly detection (HAD) identifies anomalies by analyzing differences between anomalies and background pixels without prior information, presenting a significant challenge. Most existing studies leverage the high correlation in spectral and spatial dimensions, primarily focusing on local spectral and spatial information for background reconstruction while neglecting long-range dependencies. This local perception constrains models from fully capturing intrinsic spatial–spectral connections. To address this, we propose a novel hybrid transformer-CNN network for HAD (HTC-HAD). Specifically, HTC-HAD combines CNNs with transformers, where the CNN focuses on local modeling, and the transformer addresses long-range modeling. This dual approach ensures the accurate reconstruction of backgrounds by capturing both local and long-range dependencies. Meanwhile, to reduce model complexity and redundancy among neighboring bands, we incorporate a simplified and effective band selection strategy as preprocessing. In addition, to prevent anomalies from being reconstructed during background estimation, we employ an adaptive weight loss function to suppress them. Experimental results on several real datasets, both qualitatively and quantitatively, demonstrate that our HTC-HAD achieves satisfying detection performance. © 2008-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Stochastic Augmented-Based Dual-Teaching for Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 543-560页

作者： Hengyang Liu Yang Yuan Pengcheng Ren Chengyun Song Fen Luo School of Computer Science and Engineering Chongqing University of TechnologyChongqing400054China College of Artificial Intelligence Chongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing400067China

Existing semi-supervisedmedical image segmentation algorithms use copy-paste data augmentation to correct the labeled-unlabeled data distribution ***,current copy-paste methods have three limitations:(1)training the model solely with copy-paste mixed pictures from labeled and unlabeled input loses a lot of labeled information;(2)low-quality pseudo-labels can cause confirmation bias in pseudo-supervised learning on unlabeled data;(3)the segmentation performance in low-contrast and local regions is less than *** design a Stochastic Augmentation-Based Dual-Teaching Auxiliary Training Strategy(SADT),which enhances feature diversity and learns high-quality features to overcome these *** be more precise,SADT trains the Student Network by using pseudo-label-based training from Teacher Network 1 and supervised learning with labeled data,which prevents the loss of rare labeled *** introduce a bi-directional copy-pastemask with progressive high-entropy filtering to reduce data distribution disparities and mitigate confirmation bias in *** the mixed images,Deep-Shallow Spatial Contrastive Learning(DSSCL)is proposed in the feature spaces of Teacher Network 2 and the Student Network to improve the segmentation capabilities in low-contrast and local *** this procedure,the features retrieved by the Student Network are subjected to a random feature perturbation *** two openly available datasets,extensive trials show that our proposed SADT performs much better than the state-ofthe-art semi-supervised medical segmentation *** only 10%of the labeled data for training,SADT was able to acquire a Dice score of 90.10%on the ACDC(Automatic Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge)dataset.

关键词： Semi-supervised medical image segmentation contrastive learning stochastic augmented

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Keep and Extent: Unified Knowledge Embedding for Few-Shot Image Generation

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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2025年 34卷 2315-2324页

作者： Xu, Chenghao Yan, Jiexi Deng, Cheng Xidian University School of Electronic Engineering Xi’an710071 China Xidian University School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an710071 China

Training Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) with few-shot data has been a challenging task, which is prevalently solved by adapting a deep generative model pre-trained on the large-scale data in a source domain to small target domains with limited training data. In practice, most of the existing methods focus on designing task-specific fine-tuning strategies or regularization terms to select and preserve compatible knowledge across the source and target domain. However, the compatible knowledge greatly depends on the target domain and is entangled with the incompatible one. For the few-shot image generation task, without accurate compatible knowledge as prior, the generated images will strongly overfit the scarce target images. From a different perspective, we propose a unified learning paradigm for better knowledge transfer, i.e., keep and extent (KAE). Specifically, we orthogonally decompose the latent space of GANs, where the resting direction that has an unnoticeable impact on the generated images is adopted to extend the new target latent subspace while the remaining directions keep intact to reconstruct the source latent subspace. In this way, the whole source domain knowledge is included in the source latent subspace and the compatible knowledge will be automatically transferred to the target domain along the resting direction, rather than manually selecting. Extensive experimental results on several benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of our method. © 1992-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Understanding Brain Network Stimulation for Emotion Analyzing Connectivity Feature Map from Electroencephalography

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International Journal of Advanced computer Science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 542-551页

作者： Maria, Mahfuza Akter Akhand, M.A.H. Kamal, Abdus Samad Department of Computer Science and Engineering Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Khulna9203 Bangladesh Graduate School of Science and Technology Gunma University Kiryu376-8515 Japan

In understanding brain functioning by Electroencephalography (EEG), it is essential to be able to not only identify more active brain areas but also understand connectivity among different areas. The functional and efficient connectivity networks of the brain have been examined in this study by constructing a connectivity feature map (CFM) with four widely used connectivity methods from the Database for Emotion Analysis Using Physiological Signals (DEAP) emotional EEG data to research how this connectivity’s patterns are influenced by emotion. According to the investigation results, emotions are mainly related to the parietal, central, and frontal regions. The parietal region is more responsible for emotion alteration among these three regions. Positive emotions are associated with more direct correlations and dependencies than negative ones. When experiencing negative emotions, the regions of the brain function more synchronously as well as there are less flow of information. Whether direct or inverse, there is less correlation between brain regions in the higher frequency band than in the lower frequency band. Higher frequencies are associated with increased dependence and directed information transfer between brain regions. Generally, the electrodes in the same lobe show stronger connectivity than those in different lobes. At a glance, the present study is a comprehensive analysis to understand brain network stimulation for emotion from EEG, and it significantly differs from the existing emotion recognition studies typically focused on recognition proficiency. © (2025), (Science and Information Organization). All rights reserved.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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An overview on IRS-enabled sensing and communications for 6G: architectures, fundamental limits, and joint beamforming designs

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 170-193页

作者： Xianxin SONG Yuan FANG Feng WANG Zixiang REN Xianghao YU Ye ZHANG Fan LIU Jie XU Derrick Wing Kwan NG Rui ZHANG Shuguang CUI School of Science and Engineering (SSE) Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen)and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

This study presents an overview on intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-enabled sensing and communication for the forthcoming sixth-generation(6G) wireless networks, in which IRSs are strategically deployed to proactively reconfigure wireless environments to improve both sensing and communication(S&C) performance. First, we exploit a single IRS to enable wireless sensing in the base station's(BS's) non-line-of-sight(NLoS) area. In particular, we present three IRS-enabled NLoS target sensing architectures with fully-passive, semi-passive, and active IRSs, respectively. We compare their pros and cons by analyzing the fundamental sensing performance limits for target detection and parameter estimation. Next, we consider a single IRS to facilitate integrated sensing and communication(ISAC), in which the transmit signals at the BS are used for achieving both S&C functionalities, aided by the IRS through reflective beamforming. We present joint transmit signal and receiver processing designs for realizing efficient ISAC, and jointly optimize the transmit beamforming at the BS and reflective beamforming at the IRS to balance the fundamental performance tradeoff between S&C. Furthermore, we discuss multi-IRS networked ISAC, by particularly focusing on multi-IRS-enabled multi-link ISAC, multi-region ISAC, and ISAC signal routing, respectively. Finally, we highlight various promising research topics in this area to motivate future work.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) sensing sensing and communication tradeoff

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More than just a name?From magnetic to optical skyrmions and the topology of light

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Light(Science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 26-29页

作者： Jian Chen Andrew Forbes Cheng-Wei Qiu School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore117583Singapore School of Physics University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

Topology is usually perceived intrinsically immutable for a given *** argue that optical topologies do not immediately enjoy such ***'optical skyrmions'as an example,we show that they will exhibit varying textures and topological invariants(skyrmion numbers),depending on how to construct the skyrmion vector when projecting from real to parameter *** demonstrate the fragility of optical skyrmions under a ubiquitous scenario-simple reflection off an optical *** topology is not without benefit,but it must not be assumed.

关键词： numbers space. topology

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A Locality-Sensitive-Hashing-Based Collaborative Recommendation Method for Responsible AI-Driven Recommender Systems

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第2期6卷 393-404页

作者： Lin, Wenmin Zhou, Xinyi Sun, Lu Qi, Lianyong Tsai, Sang-Bing Yang, Yihong Liu, Hanwen Kou, Huaizhen Kong, Lingzhen Hangzhou Normal University Alibaba Business School Hangzhou311121 China College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao266580 China International Engineering and Technology Institute Hong Kong999077 Hong Kong China University of Geosciences School of Information Engineering Beijing100083 China Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing210094 China

As one of the most representative recommendation solutions, traditional collaborative filtering (CF) models typically have limitations in dealing with large-scale, sparse data to capture complex relationships between users and items. The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) provides powerful tools such as deep neural networks to overcome the data sparsity issue with typical CF models. Existing works on AI-driven recommender systems are focusing on improving recommendation accuracy by extracting rich user/item features from multisource data with deep learning tools to build more accurate user preference model. How to ensure the responsibility of AI-driven recommender systems is still a big challenge. On one hand, AI-driven recommender systems need to access raw data such as user profiles to train recommendation model, which face the risk of leaking user privacy information. On the other hand, the ever-increasing volume of user/item interaction records raises the efficiency challenge to provide recommendation results in a real-time manner. In view of those observations, we propose a collaborative recommendation method by adopting the locality-sensitive-hashing (LSH) technique (i.e., DisRecLSH), which aims to achieve the goal of privacy protection and calculation efficiency for AI-driven recommender systems. More specifically, we split DisRecLSH into three phases: 1) offline feature extraction: deep neural networks are applied to extract user/item features from multisource user/item data on each local dataset;2) offline user index building: LSH technique is adopted to map user features to hash codes to quickly recall correlated similar users for a given target user;and 3) online top-N items calculation: with similar users selected by phase 2, top-N items are calculated based on the ranking of predicted user-item rating score. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on three public datasets to evaluate the efficiency of our proposal. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Recommender systems

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Enhanced Multi-Scale Object Detection Algorithm for Foggy Traffic Scenarios

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2451-2474页

作者： Honglin Wang Zitong Shi Cheng Zhu School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

In foggy traffic scenarios, existing object detection algorithms face challenges such as low detection accuracy, poor robustness, occlusion, missed detections, and false detections. To address this issue, a multi-scale object detection algorithm based on an improved YOLOv8 has been proposed. Firstly, a lightweight attention mechanism, Triplet Attention, is introduced to enhance the algorithm’s ability to extract multi-dimensional and multi-scale features, thereby improving the receptive capability of the feature maps. Secondly, the Diverse Branch Block (DBB) is integrated into the CSP Bottleneck with two Convolutions (C2F) module to strengthen the fusion of semantic information across different layers. Thirdly, a new decoupled detection head is proposed by redesigning the original network head based on the Diverse Branch Block module to improve detection accuracy and reduce missed and false detections. Finally, the Minimum Point Distance based Intersection-over-Union (MPDIoU) is used to replace the original YOLOv8 Complete Intersection-over-Union (CIoU) to accelerate the network’s training convergence. Comparative experiments and dehazing pre-processing tests were conducted on the RTTS and VOC-Fog datasets. Compared to the baseline YOLOv8 model, the improved algorithm achieved mean Average Precision (mAP) improvements of 4.6% and 3.8%, respectively. After defogging pre-processing, the mAP increased by 5.3% and 4.4%, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the improved algorithm exhibits high practicality and effectiveness in foggy traffic scenarios.

关键词： Deep learning object detection foggy scenes traffic detection YOLOv8

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Accelerating Federated Codistillation via Adaptive Computation Amount at Network Edge

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第6期24卷 5584-5597页

作者： Zeng, Zhihao Zhang, Xiaoning Zhao, Yangming Zoha, Ahmed Imran, Muhammad Ali Zhang, Yan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Communication Engineering Chengdu China University of Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Technology Hefei China University of Glasgow School of Engineering United Kingdom University of Oslo Department of Informatics Norway

The advent of Federated Learning (FL) empowers IoT devices to collectively train a shared model without local data exposure. In order to address the issue of Non-IID that causes model performance degradation, the recently proposed federated codistillation framework has shown great potential. However, due to the system heterogeneity of devices, the federated codistillation framework still faces a synchronization barrier issue, resulting in a non-negligible waiting time with a fixed computation amount (epoch or batch size) assigned. In this paper, we propose Adaptive Computation Amount Allocation (ACAA) to accelerate federated codistillation. Specifically, we leverage a criterion, solution inexactness, to quantify the computation amount. We dynamically adjust the solution inexactness of devices based on their computing power and bandwidth to enable them nearly simultaneous completion of training, reducing synchronization waiting time without sacrificing the training performance. The minimum required computation amount is determined by the coefficient of the distillation term and the gradient dissimilarity bound of Non-IID. We theoretically analyze the convergence of ACAA. Extensive experiments show that, compared to benchmark algorithms, ACAA can accelerate training by up to 5×. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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